Semax / Studies

Synthetic analog · 7 amino acids · 813.9 Da

Semax studies and research data

PepBank has 146 Semax studies with results. 130 of them gave Semax, with 436 results, grouped by what the studies measured. In each group, results from studies in people come first. Data as of 2026-10-30.

Searches 436 results and 214 papers. Newer studies from Europe PMC

Results in people

8% of 436 results

Results in animals

331

76% of 436 results

Results in lab cells

16% of 436 results

From computer models

under 1% of 436 results

The molecule

Semax identity

Identifiers, parent molecule, targets and development stage, from curated data.

Semax is the synthetic heptapeptide H-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH. It joins ACTH(4-7) to a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro; FDA's 2026 briefing describes it as an ACTH(4-10) analog without corticotropic or melanotropic hormonal activity, with Pro-Gly-Pro thought to increase resistance to peptidases. No molecular target is established in the sources checked. It is registered in Russia as 0.1% and 1% nasal drops and has no FDA or EMA approval.

Kind: Synthetic analog · 7 residues
Identifiers: PubChem CID9811102 (opens in a new tab)UNIII5FAL2585H (opens in a new tab)CAS80714-61-0
Parent: Analog of Corticotropin (ACTH) · residues 141-144FDA 2026 briefing: 'a synthetic heptapeptide analog of the ACTH 4-10 fragment'; the sequences of ACTH(4-10) and Semax 'differ with respect to the three amino acids in the C-terminal domain'. Russian product information (Vidal): synthetic analog of ACTH fragment 4-10 without hormonal activity. Positions from UniProt P01189 (Corticotropin = POMC 138-176).
Development: Approved in Russia only (registered as Семакс)Peptogen Innovative Research and Production Center, JSC (registration holder in Russia, per Vidal)Registered in Russia (Vidal listing). No FDA or EMA approval. Registrations in other countries were not checked. No studies on ClinicalTrials.gov (query 2026-10-09). FDA's briefing cites Russian clinical studies in cerebral ischemia, migraine, trigeminal neuralgia and peptic ulcer, mostly published in Russian. Source (opens in a new tab)

Targets

No molecular target is recorded for this peptide.

Sequence and structure

Residues, differences from the parent, calculated properties and 3D structure. Source values and calculated values are shown separately.

Sequence

7 amino acids

H-

MEHFPGP

-OH

Alignment to Corticotropin (ACTH)

Calculated from the two sequences. Curated notes are shown as given.

4 of 7 aligned residues identical (57%) · 3 substitutions · Corticotropin (ACTH) 4–10

Top row: Corticotropin (ACTH) (parent)
Bottom row: Semax

MEHF

Same as parent
Substituted
Non-canonical or D-form
Added
Gap
Modified side chain or end
Parent context

Differences from the parent

1Parent 8 · analog 5Arg → Pro · SubstitutionACTH numbering. Compared with ACTH(4-10) Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly.
2Parent 9 · analog 6Trp → Gly · SubstitutionACTH numbering.
3Parent 10 · analog 7Gly → Pro · SubstitutionACTH numbering.

Basis: FDA 2026 briefing: 'a synthetic heptapeptide analog of the ACTH 4-10 fragment'; the sequences of ACTH(4-10) and Semax 'differ with respect to the three amino acids in the C-terminal domain'. Russian product information (Vidal): synthetic analog of ACTH fragment 4-10 without hormonal activity. Positions from UniProt P01189 (Corticotropin = POMC 138-176).

Calculated from the two sequences with @pepdb/chem alignToParent (ungapped unless a gap scores higher). The record’s curated notes are shown as given.

Properties

From identity sources

Formula: C₃₇H₅₁N₉O₁₀S
Molecular weight: 813.9 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass: 813.348 Da

GSRS UNII I5FAL2585H(opens in a new tab)retrieved 2026-10-08
PubChem CID 9811102(opens in a new tab)retrieved 2026-10-08
Curated FDA PCAC briefing document, Semax-related bulk drug substances (2026-05-11)(opens in a new tab)retrieved 2026-10-08
ChEMBL no record (InChIKey AFEHBIGDWIGTEH-AQRCPPRCSA-N)(opens in a new tab)retrieved 2026-10-08

Calculated from the sequence

pKa set

Average mass: 813.93 Da; Sum of ExPASy residue masses + water · ExPASy Compute pI/Mw; FindMod
Monoisotopic mass: 813.3479 Da; Sum of ExPASy residue masses + water · ExPASy FindMod
Isoelectric point (pI): 5.36; pH of zero net charge, EMBOSS pKa set · EMBOSS iep, Epk.dat
Net charge at pH 7.4: −0.95; Henderson-Hasselbalch, EMBOSS pKa set · EMBOSS iep, Epk.dat
GRAVY (hydropathy): −0.800; Mean Kyte-Doolittle hydropathy · Kyte and Doolittle 1982; Negative: hydrophilic on average.
Extinction coefficient, 280 nm (Cys reduced): 0 M⁻¹ cm⁻¹; 5500 x Trp + 1490 x Tyr · Pace et al. 1995 (ExPASy ProtParam); No Trp or Tyr: absorbance at 280 nm cannot measure this peptide.
Instability index: 10.50; Dipeptide instability weights (DIWV) · Guruprasad et al. 1990; 40 or below: classed as stable (ExPASy).
Aliphatic index: 0.0; Mole % A + 2.9 V + 3.9 (I + L) · Ikai 1980
Boman index: 0.74 kcal/mol; Mean solubility value (negated) · Boman 2003; 2.48 or below: lower protein-binding potential (Boman).
Hydrophobic moment (μH): Not calculated; The sequence is too short for this method.
pI with each pKa set: EMBOSS 5.36Bjellqvist (ExPASy) 5.22IPC peptide 5.17IPC protein 5.03

Defined and validated for proteins; use with care for short peptides.
Assumes an ideal alpha helix. Many short peptides are not helical.

@pepdb/chem 0.2.0 · EMBOSS pKa set · ExPASy residue masses

Net charge by pH

pI 5.36 · Net charge at pH 7.4: −0.95

Point or use arrow keys

Henderson-Hasselbalch, EMBOSS pKa set. Calculated, not measured.

Show as table

pH	Net charge
0	2.00
1	2.00
2	1.97
3	1.73
4	0.84
5	0.12
6	−0.23
7	−0.78
8	−1.17
9	−1.71
10	−1.96
11	−2.00
12	−2.00
13	−2.00
14	−2.00

Composition

Hydrophobic14% (1)M
Aromatic14% (1)F
Positive14% (1)H
Negative14% (1)E
Special43% (3)G P

7 residues. Each residue counts in one class; F and W count as aromatic.

A Ala0 · 0%

I Ile0 · 0%

L Leu0 · 0%

M Met1 · 14%

V Val0 · 0%

F Phe1 · 14%

W Trp0 · 0%

Y Tyr0 · 0%

H His1 · 14%

K Lys0 · 0%

R Arg0 · 0%

D Asp0 · 0%

E Glu1 · 14%

N Asn0 · 0%

Q Gln0 · 0%

S Ser0 · 0%

T Thr0 · 0%

C Cys0 · 0%

G Gly1 · 14%

P Pro2 · 29%

3D structure

PredictedAlphaFold DB · P01189

Loads the 3D viewer (3Dmol.js, about 150 KB) and the model file from AlphaFold DB (EMBL-EBI).

2D structure

Draws the structure in your browser with RDKit (about 2.3 MB, loaded once).

SMILES fromPubChem CID 9811102(opens in a new tab)

CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)NCC(=O)N4CCC[C@H]4C(=O)O)N

Results by area

Semax results by year and outcome

Counts are exact and come from studies that gave the peptide.

Studies by year

146 of 214 studies have results (68%), published 1986 to 2026. Top row: every study. Bottom row: studies with results about Semax, by class. The rows use different scales.

Studies
Human
Animal
Lab
Computer model
Natural levels, tool or combination only

Studies214 in all, 1986 to 2026

Studies with results146 in all, 1986 to 2026

Retracted studies are left out. A study with results in two classes counts in both.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

What the studies measured

People first in each area, then animals, then lab cells. Counts are exact and come from studies that gave the peptide.

Semax studies on brain and nerves

149 results · people 15 · animals 109 · lab 25

Top 5 of 149 results

In people after stroke, semax raised blood levels of BDNF, a nerve growth protein, and the levels stayed high during the study.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2018
In patients with optic nerve disease, adding semax to usual treatment helped recovery be stronger and faster.Vestnik oftalmologii, 2000
In healthy adults, a Semax nasal spray was linked to a larger part of a brain network at rest than placebo.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2018
In rats, the Semax-related peptide ACTH4-7 pro-gly-pro did not change serotonin content in the brain.Neuroscience and behavioral physiology, 1992
In rats, ACTH4-7 pro-gly-pro (semax) showed anticonvulsant effects in epilepsy models.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1989

Semax studies on cholesterol and blood fats

9 results · people 4 · animals 5 · lab 0

Top 3 of 9 results

In people with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, adding semax lowered raised total cholesterol, which standard treatment alone did not change.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2015
In people with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, adding semax lowered raised triglycerides, which standard treatment alone did not change.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2015
In people with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, adding semax lowered raised LDL cholesterol, which standard treatment alone did not change.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2015

Semax studies on daily life and fitness

6 results · people 4 · animals 2 · lab 0

Top 4 of 6 results

In people after stroke, semax and high BDNF levels were linked to faster gains in daily living ability.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2018
In people with motor neuron disease, 1% semax improved the overall quality of life score, with the largest effect on day 10.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2007
In people with motor neuron disease, 1% semax did not change the course of clinical scores or the time to marked loss of function.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2007
In people after stroke, semax and high BDNF levels were linked to a better final daily living score.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2018

Semax studies on eyes

4 results · people 4 · animals 0 · lab 0

Top 3 of 4 results

In people with diabetic eye disease, visual measures improved in the two groups given semax.Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury, 2013
In people with diabetic eye disease, visual field measures improved in the two groups given semax.Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury, 2013
In people with diabetic eye disease, eye electrical measures improved in the two groups given semax.Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury, 2013

Semax studies on side effects

3 results · people 3 · animals 0 · lab 0

3 results

In patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, only a small share had side effects with semax.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2005
In patients with posthypoxic encephalopathy, brain-wave tests showed episodes of abnormal activity after a semax injection in some cases.Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia, 1999
In patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, semax was well tolerated, also by older patients.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2005

Semax studies on memory and thinking

31 results · people 2 · animals 29 · lab 0

Top 3 of 31 results

In patients with posthypoxic encephalopathy, semax therapy was effective in those with memory disorders.Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia, 1999
In healthy adults, Semax injection changed how the right amygdala connects with the right temporal cortex in brain scans, compared with placebo.Doklady biological sciences, 2020
In rats, Semax treatment increased the number of learned avoidance reactions.Brain research, 2006

Semax studies on immune system and inflammation

41 results · people 1 · animals 37 · lab 3

Top 5 of 41 results

In people with acute stroke, Semax was linked to a shift toward anti-inflammatory signals and away from inflammatory signals.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 1999
In rats with brain ischemia, Semax mostly increased the activity of immune-system genes compared with untreated ischemic rats.BMC genomics, 2014
In rats after an induced stroke, Semax lowered the activity of genes linked to inflammation.Genes, 2020
In rats with pancreatitis, semax (or mexidol) lowered the raised enzyme levels in blood.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2000
In rats after stroke-like brain injury, Semax partly prevented changes in the activity of immune and nerve-signalling genes.Genes, 2023

Semax studies on mood, stress and behavior

32 results · people 1 · animals 31 · lab 0

Top 5 of 32 results

In people with motor neuron disease, 1% semax improved emotional state and motivation.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2007
In rats, Semax given through the nose for 1 to 2 weeks did not change exploring behaviour in a calm setting.Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2007
In rats stressed in early life, Semax restored the stress hormone response to control levels.Acta naturae, 2012
In rats, Semax given before a stress test reduced the behaviour changes that the stress caused.International journal of molecular sciences, 2021
In rats, semax given after birth raised exploring behaviour at four to eight weeks of age.Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova, 2005

Semax studies on heart and blood vessels

20 results · people 1 · animals 19 · lab 0

Top 5 of 20 results

In patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, semax treatment was linked to a lower risk of stroke and mini-strokes.Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2005
In rats after a heart attack, Semax reduced the growth of sympathetic nerves in the heart wall.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2017
In stressed animals, Semax given 1 hour before stress reduced the severity of blood flow problems in the mesentery.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2003
In rats stressed in early life, Semax reduced metabolic problems caused by the stress.Acta naturae, 2012
In rats under stress, repeated nasal Semax stimulated the blood anticoagulation system and protected against stress-related clotting.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2010

Semax studies on stomach and gut

19 results · people 1 · animals 18 · lab 0

Top 4 of 19 results

In patients with hard-to-treat stomach ulcers, more healed by day 14 with nose-drop Semax than in the control group.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2002
In rats under stress, Semax at two doses stopped stress from changing the make-up of gut bacteria.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2020
In rats with ulcers caused by indomethacin, Semax injected into the abdomen had a protective effect.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2002
In rats, Semax given before ethanol or stress protected the stomach lining from damage.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2000

Semax studies on receptors and cell signals

58 results · people 0 · animals 24 · lab 33 · computer models 1

Top 5 of 58 results

In rodents, the tissue level of a serotonin breakdown product (5-HIAA) in the striatum rose 25% two hours after Semax.Neurochemical research, 2005
In rats with brain ischemia, Semax changed the activity of 24 blood-vessel genes 3 hours after the blockage.BMC genomics, 2014
In lab tests, Semax strongly blocked enzymes in blood plasma that break down enkephalins.Bioorganicheskaia khimiia, 2006
In rats after a stress test, Semax changed the activity of more than 1500 genes in the hippocampus.International journal of molecular sciences, 2021
In rats with induced heart attack, Semax lowered the number of α-adrenoreceptors in a tail artery.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2016

Semax studies on liver

12 results · people 0 · animals 12 · lab 0

Top 3 of 12 results

In stressed rats, Semax brought liver protein production back toward normal, depending on dose.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2017
In rats under stress, Semax at all doses lowered a stress-raised blood liver enzyme, AST.Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2015
In rats under long-term stress, Semax at 450 μg/kg raised the blood liver enzyme ALT.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2015

Semax studies on pain

10 results · people 0 · animals 10 · lab 0

Top 3 of 10 results

In male mice, Semax given soon after birth raised pain thresholds in adulthood more than solvent did.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2004
In animals, Semax lowered pain sensitivity in every test model used.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2007
In rats, Semax given by injection into the abdomen reduced pain sensitivity in a paw-withdrawal test.Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2010

Semax studies on cells, genes and aging

11 results · people 0 · animals 9 · lab 2

Top 5 of 11 results

In rats under acute stress, Semax at two doses brought a stress-raised liver marker of oxidative damage back to normal.Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2015
In rats with brain injury, the peptide corrected nuclear activity markers in tongue lining cells.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2020
In lab tests on rat brain mitochondria, semax did not raise oxygen use, unlike mexidol.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2010
In rats under stress, Semax at all tested doses had an antioxidant effect in liver cells.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2015
In cells in a dish, Semax delayed the drop in mitochondrial potential caused by glutamate toxicity.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2007

Semax studies on blood levels and clearance

12 results · people 0 · animals 7 · lab 5

Top 3 of 12 results

In rats, the injected labelled peptide was found in brain extracts at two time points.Neuroscience letters, 1991
In rats, a small share of nasal Semax reached the brain within 2 minutes.Bioorganicheskaia khimiia, 2006
In rats, semax given through the nose reached the brain and eyes.Vestnik oftalmologii, 2004

Semax studies on blood and clotting

5 results · people 0 · animals 5 · lab 0

Top 3 of 5 results

In rats, Semax given through the nose for 5 days increased the blood's ability to prevent and break down clots.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2001
In rats under stress, repeated nasal semax prevented the rise in blood clotting that stress caused.Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia, 2010
In rats, Semax given through the nose for 5 days lowered antiplasmin, a blood protein that limits clot breakdown.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2001

Semax studies on sleep

4 results · people 0 · animals 4 · lab 0

Top 3 of 4 results

In rats, long-term Semax increased the amplitude of the daily activity rhythm.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2008
In rats, long-term Semax shifted the timing of the peak of the daily activity rhythm.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2008
In rats, long-term Semax changed the spectral features of the daily activity rhythm.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2008

Semax studies on survival and serious illness

3 results · people 0 · animals 3 · lab 0

3 results

In rats with induced brain ischemia, semax increased survival.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2009
In rats with pancreatitis, one dose of semax (or mexidol) markedly lowered animal deaths, to 10-13%.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2000
In mice with blocked neck arteries, semax increased survival.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2004

Semax studies on weight and appetite

3 results · people 0 · animals 3 · lab 0

3 results

In rats stressed in early life, Semax lessened the effect of the stress on body weight.Acta naturae, 2012
In rats under chronic stress, Semax reversed or reduced the stress-related slowing of weight gain.European journal of pharmacology, 2024
In young rats raised with maternal deprivation, Semax reduced the effect of deprivation on body weight.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2012

Semax studies on hormones

2 results · people 0 · animals 2 · lab 0

2 results

In rats under chronic stress, Semax reversed or reduced the enlargement of the adrenal glands that stress caused.European journal of pharmacology, 2024
In rats under stress, Semax lowered the level of the stress hormone corticosterone.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2021

Semax studies on overall treatment results

1 result · people 0 · animals 1 · lab 0

1 result

In rats given fluvoxamine as pups, semax treatment largely offset the later growth, weight, anxiety and learning problems.Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia, 2014

Semax studies on skin, hair and wounds

1 result · people 0 · animals 1 · lab 0

1 result

In rats with pancreatitis, semax (or mexidol) sped up healing of damaged pancreas areas without heavy scarring.Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2000

Trials and papers

Semax trials

Registered trials that test the peptide, with phase, status and dates. A dot marks trials with posted results.

StatusPhase

0 trials match. Highest phase first. Data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

No trial matches these filters.

Papers

Studies on this peptide. Some have results. The others have none yet.

Sort

Design

214 studies match. Retracted studies are left out.

Showing 22 of 214 studiesquery qry_a5ff59356fb227f18ae078a9

Studies with results

146 studies in all, 21 on this page

In vitro (cells) · rat · 2001

2 results

Rapid induction of neurotrophin mRNAs in rat glial cell cultures by Semax, an adrenocorticotropic hormone analog.

Shadrina et al. 2001Neuroscience letterscited by 33

PMID 11457573DOI 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)01994-2PUB-11457573

Full text at the publisher2 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2010

7 results

Semax and Pro-Gly-Pro activate the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia.

Dmitrieva et al. 2010Cellular and molecular neurobiologycited by 30

PMID 19633950PMC11498467DOI 10.1007/s10571-009-9432-0PUB-19633950

Rights unknown7 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2006

5 results

Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus.

Dolotov et al. 2006Brain researchcited by 29

PMID 16996037DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.108PUB-16996037

Full text at the publisher5 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1991

3 results

Entry of the synthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue into the rat brain following intravenous injection.

Potaman et al. 1991Neuroscience letterscited by 25

PMID 1652713DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90912-dPUB-01652713

Full text at the publisher3 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2020

3 results

Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH_(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats.

Filippenkov et al. 2020Genescited by 24

PMID 32580520PMC7350263DOI 10.3390/genes11060681PUB-32580520

CC BY3 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2014

6 results

The peptide semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia: genome-wide transcriptional analysis.

Medvedeva et al. 2014BMC genomicscited by 22

PMID 24661604PMC3987924DOI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-228PUB-24661604

CC BY6 results where Semax was given

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In vitro (cells) · 2007

3 results

Effects of semax and its Pro-Gly-Pro fragment on calcium homeostasis of neurons and their survival under conditions of glutamate toxicity.

Storozhevykh et al. 2007Bulletin of experimental biology and medicinecited by 21

PMID 18239779DOI 10.1007/s10517-007-0192-xPUB-18239779

Full text at the publisher3 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2001

2 results

Novel synthetic analogue of ACTH 4-10 (Semax) but not glycine prevents the enhanced nitric oxide generation in cerebral cortex of rats with incomplete global ischemia.

Bashkatova et al. 2001Brain researchcited by 20

PMID 11245825DOI 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03324-2PUB-11245825

Full text at the publisher2 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rodent · 2005

6 results

Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, activates dopaminergic and serotoninergic brain systems in rodents.

Eremin et al. 2005Neurochemical researchcited by 18

PMID 16362768DOI 10.1007/s11064-005-8826-8PUB-16362768

Full text at the publisher6 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2011

6 results

The effect of Semax and its C-end peptide PGP on the morphology and proliferative activity of rat brain cells during experimental ischemia: a pilot study.

Stavchansky et al. 2011Journal of molecular neuroscience : MNcited by 17

PMID 20617398DOI 10.1007/s12031-010-9421-2PUB-20617398

Full text at the publisher6 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2006

6 results

Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain.

Dolotov et al. 2006Journal of neurochemistrycited by 16

PMID 16635254DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03658.xPUB-16635254

Full text at the publisher6 results where Semax was given

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Non-randomized trial · 2018

3 results

[The efficacy of semax in the tretament of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke].

Gusev et al. 2018Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakovan = 110cited by 16

PMID 29798983DOI 10.17116/jnevro20181183261-68PUB-29798983

Full text at the publisher3 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2006

3 results

[Kinetics of Semax penetration into the brain and blood of rats after its intranasal administration].

Shevchenko et al. 2006Bioorganicheskaia khimiiacited by 15

PMID 16523722DOI 10.1134/s1068162006010055PUB-16523722

Full text at the publisher3 results where Semax was given

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2017

5 results

Semax, an analog of ACTH_(4-7), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats.

Medvedeva et al. 2017Molecular genetics and genomics : MGGcited by 15

PMID 28255762DOI 10.1007/s00438-017-1297-1PUB-28255762

Full text at the publisher5 results where Semax was given

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Not a test of Semax alone · 1993

4 results

Degradation of ACTH/MSH(4-10) and its synthetic analog semax by rat serum enzymes: an inhibitor study.

Potaman et al. 1993Peptidescited by 14

PMID 8392718DOI 10.1016/0196-9781(93)90137-6PUB-08392718

Full text at the publisher4 results where Semax was a tool, carrier or part of a combination

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In vitro (cells) · 2015

4 results

Semax, an ACTH4-10 peptide analog with high affinity for copper(II) ion and protective ability against metal induced cell toxicity.

Tabbì et al. 2015Journal of inorganic biochemistrycited by 14

PMID 25310602DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.09.008PUB-25310602

Full text at the publisher3 results where Semax was given (plus 1 on tools or combinations, listed separately)

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Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2021

4 results

Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH_(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Sudarkina et al. 2021International journal of molecular sciencescited by 14

PMID 34201112PMC8226508DOI 10.3390/ijms22126179PUB-34201112

CC BY4 results where Semax was given

Download PDF See results (4)

Not a test of Semax alone · 1991

2 results

N-terminal degradation of ACTH(4-10) and its synthetic analog semax by the rat blood enzymes.

Potaman et al. 1991Biochemical and biophysical research communicationscited by 11

PMID 1851003DOI 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80247-5PUB-01851003

Full text at the publisher2 results where Semax was a tool, carrier or part of a combination

Publisher page See results (2)

In vitro (cell-free) · rat · 2004

6 results

[The binding of Semax, ACTH 4-10 heptapeptide, to plasma membranes of the rat forebrain basal nuclei and its biodegradation].

Dolotov et al. 2004Bioorganicheskaia khimiiacited by 11

PMID 15344653DOI 10.1023/b:rubi.0000030127.46845.f0PUB-15344653

Full text at the publisher6 results where Semax was given

Publisher page See results (6)

Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2013

5 results

Effect of semax and its C-terminal fragment Pro-Gly-Pro on the expression of VEGF family genes and their receptors in experimental focal ischemia of the rat brain.

Medvedeva et al. 2013Journal of molecular neuroscience : MNcited by 11

PMID 22772900DOI 10.1007/s12031-012-9853-yPUB-22772900

Full text at the publisher5 results where Semax was given

Publisher page See results (5)

Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2007

5 results

Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10.

Agapova et al. 2007Neuroscience letterscited by 10

PMID 17353092DOI 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.02.042PUB-17353092

Full text at the publisher5 results where Semax was given

Publisher page See results (5)

More studies

43 studies in all, 1 on this page

Indexing hint: Animal study · 2003

The heptapeptide SEMAX stimulates BDNF expression in different areas of the rat brain in vivo.

Dolotov et al. 2003Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sectionscited by 13

PMID 14556513DOI 10.1023/a:1025177812262PUB-14556513

Full text at the publisher

Publisher page

No result for Semax (3 studies on this page, 25 in all)

These studies name Semax but give no result for it (for example, the results concern another peptide in the study).

PubMed tag: Evaluation Study · 2004

Respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI): assessing deterministic interpolation techniques.

Charleston-Villalobos et al. 2004Medical & biological engineering & computingcited by 35

PMID 15503962DOI 10.1007/bf02347543PUB-15503962

Full text at the publisher

Publisher page

PubMed tag: Comparative Study · 1997

[A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (l5 years experience in its design and study)].

Asmarin et al. 1997Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlovacited by 29

PMID 9173745PUB-09173745

Full text at the publisher

Publisher page

PubMed tag: none · 2005

Natural and hybrid ("chimeric") stable regulatory glyproline peptides.

Ashmarin et al. 2005Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiologycited by 20

PMID 15837162DOI 10.1016/j.pathophys.2004.10.001PUB-15837162

Full text at the publisher

Publisher page

Newer studies

PepBank reads each paper before it shows the results. This search looks in Europe PMC for newer papers that PepBank has not read yet.

Semax studies: 146 papers with results

Page 1 of 3

[POSSIBLE DRUG CORRECTION OF LIPID METABOLISM DISTURBANCES ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS].
Dontsova EV · Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia · 2015
Non-randomized trial · 4 results
[The efficacy of semax in the tretament of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke].
Gusev EI · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2018
Non-randomized trial · 3 results
[Effectiveness of semax in acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke (a clinical and electrophysiological study)].
Gusev EI · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 1997
Non-randomized trial · 4 results
[The study of chronic partial denervation and quality of life in patients with motor neuron disease treated with semax].
Serdiuk AV · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2007
Non-randomized trial · 4 results
Effects of Semax on the Default Mode Network of the Brain.
Lebedeva IS · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2018
Non-randomized trial · 1 result
[Evaluation of therapeutic effect of new Russian drug semax in optic nerve disease].
Polunin GS · Vestnik oftalmologii · 2000
Non-randomized trial · 6 results
Therapy of peptic ulcer with semax peptide.
Ivanikov IO · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2002
Non-randomized trial · 1 result
[The results of the application of the pre-formed physical factors and neuroprotective therapy for the rehabilitative treatment of the patients with diabetic retinopathy].
Nazarova GA · Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury · 2013
Non-randomized trial · 4 results
[Semax in prevention of disease progress and development of exacerbations in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency].
Gusev EI · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2005
Observational study · 5 results
[Use of semax at a follow-up of patients with posthypoxic encephalopathy].
Alekseeva GV · Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia · 1999
Observational study · 3 results
[Investigation of mechanisms of neuro-protective effect of semax in acute period of ischemic stroke].
Miasoedova NF · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 1999
Observational study · 1 result
Functional Connectomic Approach to Studying Selank and Semax Effects.
Panikratova YR · Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2020
Other design · 2 results
Semax and Pro-Gly-Pro activate the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia.
Dmitrieva VG · Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2010
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 7 results
Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus.
Dolotov OV · Brain research · 2006
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
Entry of the synthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue into the rat brain following intravenous injection.
Potaman VN · Neuroscience letters · 1991
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats.
Filippenkov IB · Genes · 2020
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
The peptide semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia: genome-wide transcriptional analysis.
Medvedeva EV · BMC genomics · 2014
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 6 results
Novel synthetic analogue of ACTH 4-10 (Semax) but not glycine prevents the enhanced nitric oxide generation in cerebral cortex of rats with incomplete global ischemia.
Bashkatova VG · Brain research · 2001
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2 results
Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, activates dopaminergic and serotoninergic brain systems in rodents.
Eremin KO · Neurochemical research · 2005
Animal study (in vivo) · rodent · 6 results
The effect of Semax and its C-end peptide PGP on the morphology and proliferative activity of rat brain cells during experimental ischemia: a pilot study.
Stavchansky VV · Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2011
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 6 results
Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain.
Dolotov OV · Journal of neurochemistry · 2006
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 6 results
Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-7), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats.
Medvedeva EV · Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2017
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
[Kinetics of Semax penetration into the brain and blood of rats after its intranasal administration].
Shevchenko KV · Bioorganicheskaia khimiia · 2006
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.
Sudarkina OY · International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 4 results
Effect of semax and its C-terminal fragment Pro-Gly-Pro on the expression of VEGF family genes and their receptors in experimental focal ischemia of the rat brain.
Medvedeva EV · Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2013
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10.
Agapova TY · Neuroscience letters · 2007
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
Neuroprotective and antiamnesic effects of Semax during experimental ischemic infarction of the cerebral cortex.
Romanova GA · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2006
Animal study (in vivo) · 3 results
Formation of spatial memory in rats with ischemic lesions to the prefrontal cortex; effects of a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-7).
Silachev DN · Neuroscience and behavioral physiology · 2009
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1 result
Comparison of the temporary dynamics of NGF and BDNF gene expression in rat hippocampus, frontal cortex, and retina under Semax action.
Shadrina M · Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2010
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 7 results
Protective Effects of PGC-1α Activators on Ischemic Stroke in a Rat Model of Photochemically Induced Thrombosis.
Shakova FM · Brain sciences · 2021
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 4 results
The neuroprotective effects of Semax in conditions of MPTP-induced lesions of the brain dopaminergic system.
Levitskaya NG · Neuroscience and behavioral physiology · 2004
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1 result
Antistress Action of Melanocortin Derivatives Associated with Correction of Gene Expression Patterns in the Hippocampus of Male Rats Following Acute Stress.
Filippenkov IB · International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
[The Peptide Drug ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Suppresses mRNA Transcripts Encoding Proinflammatory Mediators Induced by Reversible Ischemia of the Rat Brain].
Dergunova LV · Molekuliarnaia biologiia · 2021
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 5 results
An integrated approach to study the molecular aspects of regulatory peptides biological mechanism.
Vyunova TV · Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals · 2019
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Experimental Substantiation of Application of Semax as a Modulator of Immune Reaction on the Model of "Social" Stress.
Samotrueva MA · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2019
Animal study (in vivo) · 3 results
Possible mechanism underlying the effect of Semax on the formation of indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats.
Zhuikova SE · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2002
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Effect of Semax on homeostasis of gastric mucosa in albino rats.
Zhuikova SE · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2000
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 4 results
Synthetic Adrenocorticotropic Peptides Modulate the Expression Pattern of Immune Genes in Rat Brain following the Early Post-Stroke Period.
Filippenkov IB · Genes · 2023
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2 results
A Mouse Model of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Axonal Degeneration As a Tool for Testing Neuroprotectors.
Kolacheva AA · Acta naturae · 2021
Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 1 result
Semax prevents learning and memory inhibition by heavy metals.
Inozemtsev AN · Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2016
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1 result
[The effect of semax and its C-end peptide PGP on Vegfa gene expression in the rat brain during incomplete global ischemia].
Stavchanskiĭ VV · Molekuliarnaia biologiia · 2013
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Anticoagulation and antiplatelet effects of semax under conditions of acute and chronic immobilization stress.
Grigorjeva ME · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2010
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1 result
[Effects of chronic Semax administration on exploratory activity and emotional reaction in white rats].
Vilenskiĭ DA · Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova · 2007
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
Glyprolines and semax prevent stress-induced microcirculatory disturbances in the mesentery.
Kopylova GN · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2003
Animal study (in vivo) · 1 result
[Semax and some glyproline peptides accelerate the healing of acetic ulcers in rats].
Zhuĭkova SE · Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology · 2003
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2 results
[Gene c-Fos expression in brain of rats resistant and predisposed to emotional stress after intraperitoneal injection of the ACTH(4-10)analog--semax].
Umriukhin PE · Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova · 2001
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 4 results
Content of norepinephrine and serotonin in symmetrical divisions of the brain of rats in the norm during learning and with the administration of peptides.
Kruglikov RI · Neuroscience and behavioral physiology · 1992
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 3 results
ACTH-like Peptides Compensate Rat Brain Gene Expression Profile Disrupted by Ischemia a Day After Experimental Stroke.
Filippenkov IB · Biomedicines · 2024
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 4 results
Composition of Colon Microbiota in Rats Treated with ACTH(4-7)-PGP Peptide (Semax) under Conditions of Restraint Stress.
Svishcheva MV · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2020
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 1 result
Antistress effect of Semax in the course of recovery of spleen lymphoid structures after the stress in rats with different behavioral activity.
Bakhmet AA · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2012
Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2 results

Status and safety

Regulatory and safety

Approval and sport status, and the safety outcomes reported in study results. Laws and labels change, so check the regulator for the current status.

Regulatory status by jurisdiction, with date and source
Jurisdiction	Body	Status	As of	Source
US	FDA	FDA briefing: no USP/NF monograph; not a component of an FDA-approved drug; 'Semax is a registered drug in Russia and is available as 0.1% and 1% nasal drops'. No Drugs@FDA application found (openFDA search 'semax').	30 Oct 2026	hhs.gov (opens in a new tab)
EU	EMA	No centrally authorised, withdrawn or refused medicine and no orphan designation for this substance in the EMA data files (medicines file, all statuses, timestamp 2026-10-09T06:23:44Z; orphan designations file timestamp 2026-10-09T06:32:20Z). National authorisations in EU member states were not checked.	30 Oct 2026	ema.europa.eu (opens in a new tab)
Sport	WADA	Not listed as banned by WADA S0 covers any pharmacological substance not addressed by other sections and with no current approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use; the 2027 S0 text adds 'peptides' to its examples, and the WADA 2027 explanatory note says a peptide not named on the List may still be prohibited.	2026 List	wada-ama.org (opens in a new tab)
Russia	National register	Approved in Russia Registered medicine (Семакс, holder Peptogen). Nasal drops 0.1%, registration ЛП-№(009449)-(РГ-RU) dated 2025-03-26 (previous ЛС-002553); nasal drops 1%, ЛП-№(010596)-(РГ-RU) dated 2025-06-18 (previous Р N000812/01). Prescription only. Vidal lists ATC N06BX. Listed 1% indication: acute period of moderate to severe ischemic stroke as part of combined therapy. Source is the Vidal reference listing (re-read 2026-10-09; holder Peptogen, ATC N06BX); the official GRLS register needs a CAPTCHA and was not read.	30 Oct 2026	vidal.ru (opens in a new tab)
Russia	Note	0.1% nasal drops: Vidal page with registration and listed indications (cognitive disorders with vascular brain disease, post-stroke recovery and others).	30 Oct 2026	vidal.ru (opens in a new tab)

Safety outcomes

3 safety results for Semax.

Human evidence· 3

In patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, semax was featured by a minor percent of side effects.
Observational studyn = 187
In patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, semax was well tolerated, including by patients of older age groups.
Observational studyn = 187
In patients with posthypoxic encephalopathy, EEG showed episodes of paroxysmal activity after semax injection in some cases.
Observational studyn = 73

Doses studied · 73

The doses that these studies used. They are not recommendations.

0.1% solution, 600 mg/dayHuman
Species
human
Route
intranasal
Duration
10 days
Design
Non-randomized trial · n = 118
6000 mcg/day, 2 coursesHuman
Species
human
Route
Not reported
Duration
2 courses of 10 days with a 20-day interval
Design
Non-randomized trial · n = 110
12 mg dailyHuman
Species
human
Route
intranasal
Duration
two 10-day courses with 2-week break
Design
Non-randomized trial · n = 27
1%Human
Species
human
Route
intranasal
Duration
Not reported
Design
Non-randomized trial · n = 24
12 mg dailyHuman
Species
human
Route
Not reported
Duration
5 and 10 days (treatment course)
Design
Non-randomized trial
18 mg dailyHuman
Species
human
Route
Not reported
Duration
5 and 10 days (treatment course)
Design
Non-randomized trial

Doses studied in the study results, as given in the studies.
Dose as reported	Class	Species	Route	Duration	Design
0.1% solution, 600 mg/day	Human	human	intranasal	10 days	Non-randomized trial · n = 118
6000 mcg/day, 2 courses	Human	human	Not reported	2 courses of 10 days with a 20-day interval	Non-randomized trial · n = 110
12 mg daily	Human	human	intranasal	two 10-day courses with 2-week break	Non-randomized trial · n = 27
1%	Human	human	intranasal	Not reported	Non-randomized trial · n = 24
12 mg daily	Human	human	Not reported	5 and 10 days (treatment course)	Non-randomized trial
18 mg daily	Human	human	Not reported	5 and 10 days (treatment course)	Non-randomized trial

6 of 73 shown

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.

Data

Data and API

Data version, change history and code for this peptide.

Data version 30856030 Oct 2026

Peptide

Peptide id: PEP-000034
Peptide version: 10
Peptide hash: 309bd627b7cdca19…
Data version: 308560

Latest changes

30 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 308552
27 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 256772
22 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 254572
21 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 213660
14 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 194721
13 Oct 2026UpdatedData version 173562

For developers

curl -s https://pepbank.io/v1/briefs/semax

Evidence summary for Semax: counts by class, key results with sources, notices, data version.

Peptide as JSON Evidence summary as JSON

Compare

Semax vs Selank

Outcome group	Human	Animal	Lab	Computer model	Total
NeuroprotectionNervous system and cognition	Human: 14 results from 5 studies: 10 increase, 1 decrease, 1 no significant change, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 91 results from 34 studies: 45 increase, 26 decrease, 3 no significant change, 8 mixed, 9 not reported. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	Lab: 25 results from 12 studies: 9 increase, 9 decrease, 4 no significant change, 1 mixed, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Ex vivo tissue	No results	130
LipidsMetabolic and weight	Human: 4 results from 1 study: 1 increase, 3 decrease. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 5 results from 1 study: 1 increase, 4 decrease. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	9
Vision and retinaEye	Human: 4 results from 1 study: 4 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	4
Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognition	Human: 3 results from 2 studies: 2 increase, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 2 results from 2 studies: 1 increase, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	5
Adverse eventsNervous system and cognition	Human: 3 results from 2 studies: 1 increase, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Observational study	No results	No results	No results	3
Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognition	Human: 2 results from 2 studies: 2 not reported. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 29 results from 18 studies: 20 increase, 4 decrease, 4 no significant change, 1 not reported. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	31
Anxiety and moodNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 31 results from 15 studies: 6 increase, 15 decrease, 7 no significant change, 3 mixed. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	32
Inflammation markersNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 mixed. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 19 results from 6 studies: 7 increase, 11 decrease, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	Lab: 1 result from 1 study: 1 decrease. Strongest design: In vitro (cells)	No results	21
Gastrointestinal protectionGastrointestinal	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 17 results from 7 studies: 6 increase, 9 decrease, 2 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	18
Cardiovascular eventsNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 decrease. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	2
Brain and neuronal activityNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	1
Quality of lifeNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	1

Outcome group	Human	Animal	Lab	Computer model	Total
NeuroprotectionNervous system and cognition	Human: 14 results from 5 studies: 10 increase, 1 decrease, 1 no significant change, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 91 results from 34 studies: 45 increase, 26 decrease, 3 no significant change, 8 mixed, 9 not reported. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	Lab: 25 results from 12 studies: 9 increase, 9 decrease, 4 no significant change, 1 mixed, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Ex vivo tissue	No results	130
LipidsMetabolic and weight	Human: 4 results from 1 study: 1 increase, 3 decrease. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 5 results from 1 study: 1 increase, 4 decrease. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	9
Vision and retinaEye	Human: 4 results from 1 study: 4 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	4
Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognition	Human: 3 results from 2 studies: 2 increase, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 2 results from 2 studies: 1 increase, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	5
Adverse eventsNervous system and cognition	Human: 3 results from 2 studies: 1 increase, 2 not reported. Strongest design: Observational study	No results	No results	No results	3
Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognition	Human: 2 results from 2 studies: 2 not reported. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 29 results from 18 studies: 20 increase, 4 decrease, 4 no significant change, 1 not reported. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	31
Anxiety and moodNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 31 results from 15 studies: 6 increase, 15 decrease, 7 no significant change, 3 mixed. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	32
Inflammation markersNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 mixed. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 19 results from 6 studies: 7 increase, 11 decrease, 1 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	Lab: 1 result from 1 study: 1 decrease. Strongest design: In vitro (cells)	No results	21
Gastrointestinal protectionGastrointestinal	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	Animal: 17 results from 7 studies: 6 increase, 9 decrease, 2 no significant change. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	18
Cardiovascular eventsNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 decrease. Strongest design: Observational study	Animal: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Animal study (in vivo)	No results	No results	2
Brain and neuronal activityNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	1
Quality of lifeNervous system and cognition	Human: 1 result from 1 study: 1 increase. Strongest design: Non-randomized trial	No results	No results	No results	1

Semax studies and research data

Semax identity

Targets

Sequence and structure

Sequence

Alignment to Corticotropin (ACTH)

Properties

Net charge by pH

Composition

3D structure

2D structure

Semax results by year and outcome

What the studies measured

Semax studies on brain and nerves

Semax studies on cholesterol and blood fats

Semax studies on daily life and fitness

Semax studies on eyes

Semax studies on side effects

Semax studies on memory and thinking

Semax studies on immune system and inflammation

Semax studies on mood, stress and behavior

Semax studies on heart and blood vessels

Semax studies on stomach and gut

Semax studies on receptors and cell signals

Semax studies on liver

Semax studies on pain

Semax studies on cells, genes and aging

Semax studies on blood levels and clearance

Semax studies on blood and clotting

Semax studies on sleep

Semax studies on survival and serious illness

Semax studies on weight and appetite

Semax studies on hormones

Semax studies on overall treatment results

Semax studies on skin, hair and wounds

Semax trials

Papers

Studies with results

Rapid induction of neurotrophin mRNAs in rat glial cell cultures by Semax, an adrenocorticotropic hormone analog.

Semax and Pro-Gly-Pro activate the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia.

Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus.

Entry of the synthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue into the rat brain following intravenous injection.

Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats.

The peptide semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia: genome-wide transcriptional analysis.

Effects of semax and its Pro-Gly-Pro fragment on calcium homeostasis of neurons and their survival under conditions of glutamate toxicity.

Novel synthetic analogue of ACTH 4-10 (Semax) but not glycine prevents the enhanced nitric oxide generation in cerebral cortex of rats with incomplete global ischemia.

Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, activates dopaminergic and serotoninergic brain systems in rodents.

The effect of Semax and its C-end peptide PGP on the morphology and proliferative activity of rat brain cells during experimental ischemia: a pilot study.

Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain.

[The efficacy of semax in the tretament of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke].

[Kinetics of Semax penetration into the brain and blood of rats after its intranasal administration].

Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-7), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats.

Degradation of ACTH/MSH(4-10) and its synthetic analog semax by rat serum enzymes: an inhibitor study.

Semax, an ACTH4-10 peptide analog with high affinity for copper(II) ion and protective ability against metal induced cell toxicity.

Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

N-terminal degradation of ACTH(4-10) and its synthetic analog semax by the rat blood enzymes.

[The binding of Semax, ACTH 4-10 heptapeptide, to plasma membranes of the rat forebrain basal nuclei and its biodegradation].

Effect of semax and its C-terminal fragment Pro-Gly-Pro on the expression of VEGF family genes and their receptors in experimental focal ischemia of the rat brain.

Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10.

More studies

The heptapeptide SEMAX stimulates BDNF expression in different areas of the rat brain in vivo.

Respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI): assessing deterministic interpolation techniques.

[A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (l5 years experience in its design and study)].

Natural and hybrid ("chimeric") stable regulatory glyproline peptides.

Newer studies

Semax studies: 146 papers with results

Regulatory and safety

Human evidence· 3

Doses studied · 73

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Semax results by year and outcome

Semax studies on brain and nerves

Semax studies on cholesterol and blood fats

Semax studies on daily life and fitness

Semax studies on eyes

Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH_(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats.

Semax, an analog of ACTH_(4-7), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats.

Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH_(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH_(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats.

Semax, an analog of ACTH_(4-7), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats.

Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH_(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.