Mixture

Thymalin studies and research data

PepBank has 161 Thymalin studies with results. 85 of them gave Thymalin, with 242 results, grouped by what the studies measured. In each group, results from studies in people come first. Data as of 2026-10-30.

Searches 242 results and 259 papers. Newer studies from Europe PMC

Results in people

31% of 242 results

Results in animals

146

60% of 242 results

Results in lab cells

8% of 242 results

From computer models

0% of 242 results

The molecule

Thymalin identity

Identifiers, parent molecule, targets and development stage, from curated data.

Thymalin is a thymus-extract medicine. Samson-Med identifies its active substance as thymus extract and lists Russian registration ЛС-000267. This mixture is not the separate peptide nonathymulin returned by the PubChem name search. The record does not assign a single sequence or receptor target.

Kind: Mixture
Development: Approved in Russia only (registered as Thymalin / Тималин)Samson-Med (manufacturer)Manufacturer reports Russian medicine registration ЛС-000267. Source (opens in a new tab)

Targets

No molecular target is recorded for this peptide.

Sequence and structure

Residues, differences from the parent, calculated properties and 3D structure. Source values and calculated values are shown separately.

Sequence

Sequence not disclosed

The manufacturer identifies the active substance as thymus extract. It does not supply a single defined sequence or chemical structure. PubChem maps the name thymalin to nonathymulin, CID 3085284. That discrete peptide does not identify this extract.

Properties

From identity sources

No formula or molecular weight is listed for Thymalin.

Calculated from the sequence

No sequence is listed, so nothing can be calculated.

Net charge by pH

No charge curve

No sequence is listed for this peptide.

Composition

No sequence is listed for this peptide.

3D structure

No 3D structure

No experimental structure (PDB) and no UniProt entry for an AlphaFold model are listed for this peptide. Synthetic peptides often have neither. The sequence view above is the reference.

Results by area

Thymalin results by year and outcome

Counts are exact and come from studies that gave the peptide.

Studies by year

161 of 259 studies have results (62%), published 1981 to 2024. Top row: every study. Bottom row: studies with results about Thymalin, by class. The rows use different scales.

Studies
Human
Animal
Lab
Computer model
Natural levels, tool or combination only

Studies259 in all, 1981 to 2024

Studies with results161 in all, 1981 to 2024

Retracted studies are left out. A study with results in two classes counts in both.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

What the studies measured

People first in each area, then animals, then lab cells. Counts are exact and come from studies that gave the peptide.

Thymalin studies on immune system and inflammation

116 results · people 45 · animals 57 · lab 14

Top 5 of 116 results

In tuberculosis patients, thymalin with chemotherapy restored cellular immune measures compared with control treatment.Vrachebnoe delo, 1989
In patients with COVID-19, thymalin with standard therapy lowered IL-6, C-reactive protein and D-dimer faster than standard therapy alone.Stem cell reviews and reports, 2021
In pulmonary disease patients with preserved phagocytic function, thymalin improved the disease course compared with control treatment.Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1989
In patients with disseminated sclerosis, thymaline produced positive clinical and immune results, but the abstract did not specify the outcomes.Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 1984
In mice, thymaline did not improve FTS titer changes in immunized old animals.Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal, 2005

Thymalin studies on blood and clotting

22 results · people 9 · animals 11 · lab 2

Top 3 of 22 results

In patients with periodontosis, thymaline returned blood clotting to normal.Farmakologiia i toksikologiia, 1984
In patients with severe COVID-19, Thymalin reduced blood fibrinogen.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2022
In patients with lung abscess, added Timalin normalized clot breakdown activity faster than traditional treatment.Khirurgiia, 2012

Thymalin studies on survival and serious illness

10 results · people 5 · animals 5 · lab 0

Top 5 of 10 results

In older people, mortality was 2.0-2.1-fold lower in the Thymalin group than control during observation.Neuro endocrinology letters, 2003
In patients with severe burns, thymalin treatment was linked to 11 days shorter hospital stay.Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova, 2000
In patients with severe COVID-19, Thymalin reduced blood lactate dehydrogenase.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2022
In mice with type A influenza, thymalin prevented death less effectively than remantadin.Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii, 1993
In patients with severe COVID-19, hospital mortality was lower with Thymalin than with basic therapy.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2022

Thymalin studies on infections

7 results · people 3 · animals 4 · lab 0

Top 5 of 7 results

In children with herpes stomatitis, thymalin did not rapidly relieve acute symptoms.Stomatologiia, 1994
In tuberculosis patients, thymalin with chemotherapy improved treatment efficacy earlier than control treatment.Vrachebnoe delo, 1989
In children at high risk of recurrent stomatitis, thymalin helped achieve a stable effect against recurrence.Stomatologiia, 1994
In rats infected 9 months after thymus removal, lung damage was less severe with thymalin than without treatment.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1981
In infected mice, a single Thymalin dose reduced parasite cyst numbers by 54.9% compared with controls.Folia parasitologica, 1989

Thymalin studies on receptors and cell signals

25 results · people 2 · animals 21 · lab 2

Top 5 of 25 results

In patient lymphocytes, thymalin normalized the pattern of LDH enzyme forms.Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii, 1990
In rats, thymalin reduced the threshold for arcuate neurons to respond to stress.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2009
In mice, thymaline did not improve corticosterone level changes in immunized old animals.Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal, 2005
In rats without a thymus, thymalin injection restored the initial tissue polypeptide pattern.Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental'naia terapiia, 1989
In rabbits with gastric ulcers, thymalin did not restore normal xanthine oxidase activity during the reported period.Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental'naia terapiia, 1990

Thymalin studies on cancer

7 results · people 2 · animals 5 · lab 0

Top 5 of 7 results

In women with advanced cervical cancer, adding thymalin to radiotherapy allowed wider use of radical surgery than radiotherapy alone.Voprosy onkologii, 1991
In rats with transplanted tumors, Thymalin stopped tumor growth and produced regression in more than half of animals.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2018
In women with advanced cervical cancer, adding thymalin to radiotherapy improved treatment results compared with radiotherapy alone.Voprosy onkologii, 1991
In young and old leukemia-bearing mice, adding thymalin to ambazone did not improve the antileukemic effect compared with ambazone alone.Neoplasma, 1989
In mice with melanoma B16, thymalin treatment had practically no effect on metastasis formation.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis, 1991

Thymalin studies on daily life and fitness

3 results · people 2 · animals 1 · lab 0

3 results

In patients with idiopathic parkinsonism, tremor, stiffness and slowed movement showed a positive course during thymalin treatment.Likars'ka sprava, 1999
In patients with idiopathic parkinsonism, general physical and mental well-being improved during thymalin treatment.Likars'ka sprava, 1999
In mixed human and animal studies of radiation injury, thymalin reduced weakness.Arkhiv patologii, 1993

Thymalin studies on skin, hair and wounds

2 results · people 2 · animals 0 · lab 0

2 results

In patients with chronic ear infection, thymalin stimulated repair of the surgical ear wound.Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2001
In patients with severe burns, thymalin treatment was linked to an average 5 days shorter time to the first skin graft.Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova, 2000

Thymalin studies on brain and nerves

8 results · people 1 · animals 7 · lab 0

Top 4 of 8 results

In patients with idiopathic parkinsonism, thymalin treatment reduced alpha brain-wave power in the front and central brain regions.Likars'ka sprava, 1999
In rats resistant to encephalomyelitis, thymaline prevented disease onset.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1987
In rats born to neurosensitized mothers, maternal timalin treatment prevented cortical neuron damage.Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 1989
In rat offspring of neurosensitized mothers, thymalin prevented disturbances in brain protein synthesis.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1987

Thymalin studies on cells, genes and aging

8 results · people 1 · animals 5 · lab 2

Top 4 of 8 results

In patients with idiopathic parkinsonism, symptom improvement during thymalin treatment was linked to objective measures of brain function.Likars'ka sprava, 1999
In mice with or without thymus removal, thymalin reduced red blood cell specialization of circulating stem cells.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1985
In mice with or without thymus removal, thymalin reduced the total number of circulating blood stem cells.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1985
In mice without a thymus, thymalin injection returned bone marrow stem cell development to normal.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1985

Thymalin studies on stomach and gut

3 results · people 1 · animals 2 · lab 0

3 results

In patients with ulcerative colitis and inflammatory-destructive changes, thymalin was less effective than corticosteroids.Likars'ka sprava, 1992
In rats with experimental duodenal ulcer, thymaline had less protective action than mucozaline.Likars'ka sprava, 1995
In rats with experimental duodenal ulcer, thymaline had less protective action than dallargine.Likars'ka sprava, 1995

Thymalin studies on overall treatment results

2 results · people 1 · animals 1 · lab 0

2 results

In patients with periodontosis, thymaline improved general health.Farmakologiia i toksikologiia, 1984
In rats treated with Thymalin, tumor regression accompanied stable antistress adaptation responses.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2018

Thymalin studies on liver

1 result · people 1 · animals 0 · lab 0

1 result

In children with chronic hepatitis B, thymalin produced a response that included clinical and biochemical remission in 71.6% of cases.Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii, 1986

Thymalin studies on pain

1 result · people 1 · animals 0 · lab 0

1 result

In patients with coronary heart disease, pain disappeared faster with thymalin than without it.Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1986

Thymalin studies on hormones

7 results · people 0 · animals 7 · lab 0

Top 4 of 7 results

In rats with intact immunity, thymalin administration showed signs of thyroid stimulation.Arkhiv patologii, 1991
In normal mice, prolonged thymaline exposure coincided with reduced hormone activity in adrenal cortex cells.Arkhiv patologii, 1983
In rats, thymalin administration was associated with overgrowth of thyroid epithelial tissue.Arkhiv patologii, 1991
In rats during thymalin administration, thyroid tissue overgrowth was linked to lower total T3 levels.Arkhiv patologii, 1991

Thymalin studies on sleep

6 results · people 0 · animals 6 · lab 0

Top 3 of 6 results

In mice, a single thymalin injection increased blood melatonin after 3 h in adult animals.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2007
In mice, a single thymaline injection increased blood melatonin after 3 h in adult animals.Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal, 2006
In mice, a single thymalin injection decreased blood melatonin after 24 h in adult animals.Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, 2007

Thymalin studies on memory and thinking

5 results · people 0 · animals 5 · lab 0

Top 3 of 5 results

In mice, thymalin suppressed learned habit formation in both tested lines.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1989
In rat offspring of neurosensitized mothers, the abstract does not clearly state how thymalin affected retention of a learned avoidance response.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1987
In mice, thymalin improved learned habit consolidation, especially in MRL/1 mice.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1989

Thymalin studies on sex hormones and fertility

4 results · people 0 · animals 4 · lab 0

4 results

In rats with intact immunity, thymalin administration showed signs of temporary inhibition of steroid-producing glands.Arkhiv patologii, 1991
In guinea pigs with endometrial hyperplasia, thymalin partly normalized the structure of the uterine lining.Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1989
In guinea pigs after thymus removal, thymalin did not correct overgrowth of steroid-producing testicular elements.Arkhiv patologii, 1991
In guinea pigs after thymus removal, thymalin did not correct overgrowth of steroid-producing adrenal elements.Arkhiv patologii, 1991