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Study · In vitro (cells) · 2022

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Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.

Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P and 4 more

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Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, Toniato E

International journal of molecular sciences25 Mar 2022Cited by 15 (Europe PMC)

PMID35408963 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC8999041 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3390/ijms23073607 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-35408963
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Summary

This study evaluates the effects of five different peptides, the Epitalon® tetrapeptide, the Vilon® dipeptide, the Thymogen® dipeptide, the Thymalin® peptide complex, and the Chonluten® tripeptide, as regulators of inflammatory and proliferative processes in the human monocytic THP-1, which is a human leukemia monocytic cell line capable of differentiating into macrophages by PMA in vitro. These peptides (Khavinson Peptides®), characterized by Prof. Khavinson from 1973 onwards, were initially isolated from animal tissues and found to be organ specific. We tested the capacity of the five peptides to influence cell cultures in vitro by incubating THP-1 cells with peptides at certain concentrations known for being effective on recipient cells in culture. We found that all five peptides can modulate key proliferative patterns, increasing tyrosine phosphorylation of mitogen-activated cytoplasmic kinases. In addition, the Chonluten tripeptide, derived from bronchial epithelial cells, inhibited in vitro tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production of monocytes exposed to pro-inflammatory bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The low TNF release by monocytes is linked to a documented mechanism of TNF tolerance, promoting attenuation of inflammatory action. Therefore, all peptides inhibited the expression of TNF and pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine stimulated by LPS on terminally differentiated THP-1 cells. Lastly, by incubating the THP1 cells, treated with the peptides, on a layer of activated endothelial cells (HUVECs activated by LPS), we observed a reduction in cell adhesion, a typical pro-inflammatory mechanism. Overall, the results suggest that the Khavinson Peptides® cooperate as natural inducers of TNF tolerance in monocyte, and act on macrophages as anti-inflammatory molecules during inflammatory and microbial-mediated activity.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study1

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In LPS-exposed monocytes, Chonluten inhibited TNF production in vitro.

    In plain wordsIn cells exposed to bacterial LPS, Chonluten reduced production of the inflammatory protein TNF.

    Peptide
    Chonluten (EDG)
    Outcome
    DecreaseTNF production in LPS-exposed monocytes
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    LPS-exposed THP-1 monocytes
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, the Chonluten tripeptide, derived from bronchial epithelial cells, inhibited in vitro tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production of monocytes exposed to pro-inflammatory bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We tested the capacity of the five peptides to influence cell cultures in vitro by incubating THP-1 cells with peptides at certain concentrations known for being effective on recipient cells in culture.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 10 to 17Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC

    The same notice was added 8 times, first on 21 Oct 2026, 17:05 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Versions 8 to 9

    21 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 21 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Versions 6 to 7

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  4. Version 5

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  5. Version 4

    14 Oct 2026, 05:02 UTC

    Study results updated

  6. Version 3

    14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  7. Version 2

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  8. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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