Peptides / Growth hormone axis

Synthetic analog · 5 amino acids · 711.9 Da

Ipamorelin

Not approvedBanned in sport

Ipamorelin is a synthetic five-amino-acid peptide that acts on the ghrelin receptor to release growth hormone. It is not approved and is banned in sport, and most studies are in animals, with a few small studies in people. PepBank shows 13 results on ipamorelin from 3 studies in people, and 97 from animal and lab studies. The strongest evidence is a randomized trial in people. Data as of 2026-10-30.

Also known as NNC 26-0161, NNC-26-0161, NNC-260161, Ipamorelin acetate, Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

Ipamorelin is also in 2 blends: CJC-1295 + ipamorelin and tesamorelin + ipamorelin.

5 amino acids, from first to lastXHXFK

Evidence level: Some studies in people13 of 110 results come from studies in people.

Results in people

12% of 110 results

Results in animals

80% of 110 results

Results in lab cells

8% of 110 results

From computer models

0% of 110 results

Overview

Key points

Ipamorelin is a synthetic peptide of five amino acids that activates the ghrelin receptor and releases growth hormone in laboratory animals.¹
In people, the strongest evidence is a randomized trial after bowel surgery that found no significant difference from placebo.²
Development reached phase 2 for post-operative ileus and then stopped.^1,3
FDA and EMA list ipamorelin as not approved, and WADA prohibits it in sport.^4,5,6

Ipamorelin at a glance

What it is	Synthetic analog, 5 amino acids
Approval	Not approved for any use
In sport	Banned in sport (WADA S2.2.4)
Studies	31 studies with results. 24 of them gave ipamorelin, with 110 results. 13 in people88 in animals9 in lab cells
Best study in people	Randomized controlled trial with 114 people (2014)
Clinical trials	2 registered: 0 active or planned, 0 with posted results
Community use	Raising growth hormone release (often called GH optimization); Sleep quality and exercise recovery; Body composition (fat loss, muscle); General wellness and anti-aging

The science

What is ipamorelin?

Ipamorelin is a synthetic peptide made of five amino acids, and it is not an approved medicine.¹ It activates the same receptor as ghrelin, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a, although its sequence shares no segment with ghrelin.^1,7 It was found in a series of compounds derived from GHRP-1.¹

Other names include NNC 26-0161, its code name, and ipamorelin acetate.^1,3 Novo Nordisk is named as the developer, and Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.) sponsored the phase 2 trials.³

117

Patients in the published phase 2 trial^1,3

The history of ipamorelin

1998
Scientists at Novo Nordisk reported ipamorelin in 1998, and the oldest paper on ipamorelin in PepBank is from 1998.^1,8
2008April
A phase 2 trial in postoperative ileus began, sponsored by Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.) and with 117 participants.^3,9
2011April
A second phase 2 trial began, with 320 participants and the same sponsor. It was completed in May 2014, and no publication of its results was found.^3,10
2014
Beck and colleagues published their paper on the 2008 trial, a randomized comparison with placebo.^2,3
2023September
FDA added ipamorelin acetate to category 2 of its 503B list of bulk substances for compounding that may present significant safety risks.⁴
2024October
FDA took ipamorelin acetate and ipamorelin free base to its Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee. On each form the committee voted 0 yes, 12 no and 1 abstain on adding it to the 503A bulks list.⁴

Ipamorelin structure and chemistry

The key facts about the molecule. Long codes are in the closed section below.

Sequence, 5 amino acidsFrom the first amino acid to the last

X1HXF+K5

Darker means more water-repelling+ and − show charge in the bodyOutlined: changed amino acid

Structure

Ipamorelin is a straight chain of five amino acids with no ring, including three that differ from the usual forms and an amide group at the end.¹

Formula

C₃₈H₄₉N₉O₅

Molecular weight

711.9 g/mol

CAS number

170851-70-4

Target

Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (ghrelin receptor) (gene GHSR): agonistEvidence: GSRS relationship TARGET->AGONIST to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a; Raun et al. 1998 show growth hormone release through a GHRP-like receptor (primary literature)

Development

Novo Nordisk A/S (code NNC 26-0161); Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.) sponsored the phase 2 trials. Highest phase: phase 2.

Identifiers

PubChem 9831659, ChEMBL CHEMBL58547, UNII Y9M3S784Z6, DrugBank DB12370

Full sequence, SMILES and InChIKey

Three-letter sequence
H-Aib-His-D-2Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

InChIKey
NEHWBYHLYZGBNO-BVEPWEIPSA-N

SMILES
CC(C)(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N[C@H](CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2)C(=O)N[C@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N)N

See charge, composition and 3D structure on the Scientific page

How does ipamorelin work?

Step 1In laboratory animals, ipamorelin activates the ghrelin receptor

Step 2Growth hormone is released^1,7

In rats, ipamorelin released growth hormone with a potency and efficacy comparable to GHRP-6.¹¹ In swine, ipamorelin did not raise ACTH or cortisol, unlike GHRP-6 and GHRP-2.¹

In ratsIn animalsIn lab cells

In lab tests, urine collected after nasal ipamorelin and similar peptides showed activity at the ghrelin receptor.¹²

The evidence

What ipamorelin studies show

Results grouped by what the studies measured. Each card shows where its results come from.

Some studies in people13 of 110 results come from studies in people.

Growth hormone and growth

29 results · 3 in people · 24 animal · 2 lab

In a small trial without random groups in 40 healthy men, ipamorelin released growth hormone at every infusion level tested.¹³

Top results

In healthy men, ipamorelin caused one pulse of growth hormone release that peaked within one hour. (Pharmaceutical research, 1999)
In healthy men, ipamorelin released growth hormone at every dose. Half of the maximal effect needed 214 nanomoles per litre. (Pharmaceutical research, 1999)
In healthy men, the highest rate of growth hormone production caused by ipamorelin was 694 mIU/L/h. (Pharmaceutical research, 1999)

Stomach and gut

11 results · 2 in people · 6 animal · 3 lab

In rats after abdominal surgery, one treatment with ipamorelin brought the first bowel movement sooner than vehicle did, and in ferrets given cisplatin it left early and late vomiting unchanged.^14,15

Top results

After bowel surgery, ipamorelin did not significantly shorten the time to a first tolerated meal compared with placebo. (International journal of colorectal disease, 2014)
In ferrets given cisplatin, ipamorelin by injection into the abdomen did not change early vomiting. (Physiology & behavior, 2024)
After bowel surgery, ipamorelin did not differ significantly from placebo on the other efficacy measures. (International journal of colorectal disease, 2014)

Bones and joints

15 results · 15 animal

In adult female rats, ipamorelin increased the mineral content of the shin bone and the growth rate of the shin bone compared with vehicle.^16,17

Top results

In rats, 12 weeks of ipamorelin increased the mineral content of the shin bone compared with vehicle. (The Journal of endocrinology, 2000)
In rats, ipamorelin increased the growth rate of the shin bone in a dose-dependent way compared with vehicle. (Growth hormone & IGF research, 1999)
In rats given a glucocorticoid, adding Ipamorelin increased new bone formation four-fold compared with the glucocorticoid alone. (Growth hormone & IGF research, 2001)

Weight and appetite

12 results · 12 animal

In adult female rats, 12 weeks of ipamorelin increased body weight compared with vehicle, while in mice it caused a small rise in body weight within 2 weeks that did not grow further by 9 weeks.^16,18

Top results

In rats, 12 weeks of ipamorelin increased body weight compared with vehicle. (The Journal of endocrinology, 2000)
In rats after abdominal surgery, one dose of ipamorelin did not change food intake compared with vehicle. (The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2009)
In mice, ipamorelin caused a small rise in body weight within 2 weeks. The rise did not grow further by 9 weeks. (Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2001)

Sex hormones and fertility

11 results · 11 animal

In tilapia, a fish, ipamorelin increased the number of cells at several stages of sperm development compared with controls.¹⁹

Top results

In tilapia, ipamorelin increased the number of early sperm-forming cells (primary spermatocytes) compared with controls. (Animal reproduction science, 2024)
In tilapia, ipamorelin did not significantly change the share of GnRH nerve fibres in the hypothalamus. (Animal reproduction science, 2024)
In tilapia, ipamorelin increased the number of secondary spermatocytes, a stage of sperm development, compared with controls. (Animal reproduction science, 2024)

Hormones

6 results · 6 animal

In swine, ipamorelin left blood levels of FSH, LH and prolactin unchanged.¹¹

Top results

In swine, ipamorelin did not change blood levels of FSH. (European journal of endocrinology, 1998)
In swine, ipamorelin did not change blood levels of LH. (European journal of endocrinology, 1998)
In swine, ipamorelin did not change blood levels of prolactin. (European journal of endocrinology, 1998)

All 3 studies in people

In people

After bowel surgery, ipamorelin did not significantly shorten the time to a first tolerated meal compared with placebo.

2014International journal of colorectal disease114 people

In people

In healthy men, the body's handling of ipamorelin rose in proportion to the dose.

1999Pharmaceutical research40 people

In people

After nasal ipamorelin in one volunteer, the body broke the peptide down extensively and urine contained both ipamorelin and its breakdown products.

2015Drug testing and analysis1 person

All 31 ipamorelin studies by area Open the Scientific page

Key ipamorelin studies

Studies in people come first, then studies in animals and in the lab.

People
Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the Ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients
Beck et al. 2014 · International journal of colorectal disease · 114 people · cited by 19
3 results
People
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ipamorelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide, in human volunteers
Gobburu et al. 1999 · Pharmaceutical research · 40 people · cited by 17
8 results
People
Determination of growth hormone releasing peptides metabolites in human urine after nasal administration of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin
Semenistaya et al. 2015 · Drug testing and analysis · 1 person · cited by 36
2 results
Animals
The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats
Svensson et al. 2000 · The Journal of endocrinology · 7 subjects · cited by 16
12 results
Animals
Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue
Raun et al. 1998 · European journal of endocrinology · cited by 59
10 results

All 31 Ipamorelin studies

Ipamorelin clinical trials

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 2 trials of ipamorelin. 0 are active or planned, and 0 have posted results. PepBank does not show trial results.

Solid bars are dates that happened. Hatched bars are planned dates. Data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin Compared to Placebo for the Recovery of Gastrointestinal Function

Phase 2completed320 people

Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin for Management of Post-Operative Ileus

Phase 2completed117 people

Status and safety

Is ipamorelin approved?

FDA

United States

Not approved

No approved medicine contains it.

EMA

European Union

Not approved

No approved medicine contains it.

WADA

Sport

Banned

On the 2026 Prohibited List, section S2.2.4.

No. Not approved for any use. Its most advanced trial is in phase 2. The FDA, the EMA and the other sources we use show no approval (as of 9 Oct 2026). Banned in sport (WADA S2.2.4).

Laws and labels change, so check the regulator for the current status.

Ipamorelin side effects and safety

PepBank has 1 safety result from studies of ipamorelin. 1 of them come from studies in people.

FDA states that compounded drugs containing ipamorelin acetate may pose an immunogenicity risk for certain routes because of possible aggregation or peptide-related impurities, that the unnatural amino acids make characterisation complex, and that published literature reports serious adverse events including death when ipamorelin was given intravenously to improve gastric motility. Reported by FDA, not confirmed in a study. FDA GSRS substance record, UNII Y9M3S784Z6 (IPAMORELIN)

FDA's briefing document of 2024-10-29 reports two fatal serious adverse events among ipamorelin-treated patients in the phase 2 post-operative ileus trial and says it is unclear whether ipamorelin caused them. Reported by FDA, not confirmed in a study. FDA briefing document, ipamorelin, PCAC October 29, 2024

Safety results from studies (1)

After bowel surgery, 87.5 % of patients on ipamorelin and 94.8 % on placebo had at least one side effect. (International journal of colorectal disease, 2014)

See every safety result on the Scientific page

Doses studied (19 shown)

The doses that these studies used. They are not recommendations.

Dose as reported	Class	Species	Route	Duration	Design	Source
0.03-mg/kg twice daily	Human	human	intravenous	postoperative day 1 to 7 or hospital discharge	Randomized trial in people · n = 114	Beck 2014
4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kg	Human	human	Not reported	15 minutes infusion	Trial in people without random groups · n = 40	Gobburu 1999
0.5 mg/kg per day	Animal	rat	subcutaneous (osmotic minipump)	12 weeks	Study in live animals · n = 7	Svensson 2000
1 mg/kg	Animal	rat	intravenous bolus infusion	single dose	Study in live animals	Venkova 2009
0.1 or 1 mg/kg	Animal	rat	intravenous bolus infusion	2-day repetitive dosing regimen	Study in live animals	Venkova 2009
2.7 mg/kg	Animal	Not reported	oral	Not reported	Study in live animals	Ankersen 1998
18, 90 and 450 microg/day	Animal	rat	subcutaneous	15 days	Study in live animals	Johansen 1999
1.6 mg/kg/day	Animal	rat	intravenous	10 days	Study in live animals	Malmlöf 1999
0.4 mg/kg/day	Animal	rat	intravenous	10 days	Study in live animals	Malmlöf 1999
0.4 and 1.6 mg/kg/day	Animal	rat	intravenous	10 days	Study in live animals	Malmlöf 1999
0.014 µmol/kg	Animal	rat	intravenous	Not reported	Study in live animals	Greenwood-Van 2012
5 or 30 µg	Animal	Oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia)	Not reported	21 days	Study in live animals	Gouda 2024
30 µg	Animal	Oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia)	Not reported	21 days	Study in live animals	Gouda 2024
100 microg/kg three times daily	Animal	rat	subcutaneous	3 months	Study in live animals	Andersen 2001
0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)	Animal	rat	Not reported	seven days	Study in live animals	Aagaard 2009
10(-8) M	Animal	rat	Not reported	4 hours	Study in live animals	Jiménez-Reina 2002
1-3 mg/kg	Animal	ferret	intraperitoneal	up to 72 h	Study in live animals	Lu 2024
1 µM	Lab	rat	Not reported	Not reported	Study on tissue taken from a body	Greenwood-Van 2012
10(-12) - 10(-6) M	Lab	rat	Not reported	Not reported	Study on tissue taken from a body	Adeghate 2004

From the community

How people use it

What people report online. It comes from forums and guides, not from studies.

Community-reported. Not tested in trials.

Community sources describe ipamorelin as a growth hormone secretagogue that people inject under the skin, often before sleep and on an empty stomach, to raise growth hormone for sleep, recovery and body composition. It is often paired with CJC-1295 without DAC.

Reported routines and cautions

What people use it for

Raising growth hormone release (often called GH optimization)S1S2
Sleep quality and exercise recoveryS2
Body composition (fat loss, muscle)S1S2
General wellness and anti-agingS1S2

Reported regimens

Regimens that community sources report for Ipamorelin. Community-reported, not tested in trials.
Context	Route	Amount	How often	How long	Agreement	Sources
General growth hormone release	subcutaneous injectionoften injected on an empty stomach	100 to 300 mcg per dose	once to three times daily; sources differ on how many	8 to 12 weeks, then a break	sources differ: 200-300 mcg per dose (S1) against 100-200 mcg per dose (S2). Both are wikis that compile other pages. Both report 8 to 12 weeks. Both sources carry seller links.	S1S2
Stack with CJC-1295 without DAC	subcutaneous injectionthe two peptides are often drawn into one syringe	100 to 200 mcg per dose of each peptide	two or three times daily	8 to 16 weeks	2 sources agree on the stack and on 100-200 mcg of each peptide. Both are wikis that compile other pages. Both sources carry seller links.	S1S2
Once daily before sleep, for general wellness or anti-aging	subcutaneous injection	100 to 200 mcg per dose	once daily before bed	8 to 12 weeks, or ongoing for 12 weeks or more	sources differ: 200 mcg (S1) against 100 mcg (S2). Both say once daily before bed. Both sources carry seller links.	S1S2

Reported side effects

injection-site redness, itching or minor swellingS2
headache, mostly early in useS2
flushing or a warm feeling after the injectionS2
mild water retentionS2
increased hunger in some peopleS2
drowsiness, mostly with evening dosesS2

Reported benefits (claims, not shown in trials)

better sleep and more vivid dreams in the first weeksS2
faster recovery from exerciseS2

Cautions

USADA states that ipamorelin is not approved for human clinical use and that its use poses significant health risks for athletes. It also says the FDA has reported safety risks with injectable peptides, including immune reactions, cardiac events and death.S3
Many peptides are sold labeled "not for human consumption". The source says quality may be suspect, because no good manufacturing practice rules apply, and that some suppliers issue certificates of analysis without real product testing.S4
The wiki reports that clinical studies did not evaluate chronic multi-dose use for body composition, and that combination protocols for body composition have not been studied in controlled trials.S1
Both wikis report that people inject on an empty stomach, because food may blunt the growth hormone response.S1S2

Status notes

USADA lists ipamorelin as a non-Specified Substance in the class of peptide hormones, growth factors, related substances and mimetics. It is prohibited in sport at all times. USADA announced a sanction on 2025-09-17 that involved promoting it.S3
Ipamorelin has no FDA-approved use. S2 states there are no FDA-approved dosing guidelines.S2

Community sources

S1Ipamorelin: Community Protocols & Reportspeptideprotocolwiki.comcarries seller links, not linked
S2Ipamorelin: The Selective Growth Hormone Secretagoguepeptidepedia.orgcarries seller links, not linked
S3Anthony McCauley Accepts Doping Sanction (opens in a new tab)usada.org
S4What's changing with peptide regulation in 2026 (opens in a new tab)bscg.org

Gaps

No forum threads could be read (Reddit is blocked; other forums returned errors or were not indexed). S1 and S2 are wikis that compile other pages, so they are not fully independent. S2 carries a vendor advertisement in its footer. No dose-finding human data for these community amounts. FDA compounding status for ipamorelin could not be confirmed from a primary FDA page. Side effects come from one source.

Questions and more

Common questions

Is ipamorelin used with CJC-1295?

No study in PepBank tested ipamorelin together with CJC-1295, with or without the DAC group, in people, animals or cells.^20,21 ClinicalTrials.gov lists no registered trial that tests both.^20,21 Forums and guides often describe ipamorelin paired with CJC-1295 without DAC.²² These are community reports, not tested in trials.²² See how people use it

What benefits do studies report for ipamorelin?

In rats given a glucocorticoid, adding ipamorelin gave stronger calf muscles and a four-fold higher rate of new bone formation than the glucocorticoid alone.²³ In rats given prednisolone, ipamorelin offset the fall in body nitrogen balance that prednisolone caused.²⁴ Both results are from rats.^23,24 See what ipamorelin studies show

Does ipamorelin work?

In its phase 2 trial after bowel surgery, ipamorelin was not significantly better than placebo.^2,3 In a trial without random groups, ipamorelin gave 40 healthy men one growth hormone pulse that peaked within one hour.¹³ Median time to a first tolerated meal was 25.3 hours with ipamorelin and 32.6 hours with placebo, a difference that was not statistically significant.^2,3 See what ipamorelin studies show

Is ipamorelin safe?

It is not known.⁴ FDA says compounded ipamorelin acetate may carry a risk of immune reactions and cites reports of serious adverse events, including death, after intravenous use for gastric motility.⁴ FDA's briefing document reports two fatal serious adverse events among patients given ipamorelin in a phase 2 trial and says it is unclear whether ipamorelin caused them.⁴ See ipamorelin side effects and safety

Is ipamorelin banned in sport?

Yes.⁶ WADA lists ipamorelin in section S2.2.4 of its Prohibited List as a growth hormone secretagogue, and it is prohibited at all times.⁶ WADA published the 2027 List on 21 September 2026, and from 1 January 2027 it names ipamorelin in S2.2.4 with unchanged wording.^6,25 See if ipamorelin is approved

Ask a question about ipamorelin

The answer links to every study it uses.

What does the evidence say about ipamorelin?Is ipamorelin tested in people?Compare with GHRP-6 Compare with Hexarelin

Sources

Database: PepBank profile: identity and structure (PubChem PUG REST, CID 9831659 (ipamorelin) properties; PubChem PUG View, CID 9831659, Biologic Line Notation; FDA GSRS substance record, UNII Y9M3S784Z6 (IPAMORELIN))
People: Beck et al., 2014, International journal of colorectal disease (PMID 25331030)
Database: Development record
Regulator: FDA (United States) status record, as of 2026-10-09
Regulator: EMA (European Union) status record, as of 2026-10-09
Regulator: WADA Prohibited List 2026
Database: Target record: Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (ghrelin receptor) (GHSR)
Database: PepBank data for Ipamorelin (data version 308541)
Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00672074: Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin for Management of Post-Operative Ileus
Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280344: Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin Compared to Placebo for the Recovery of Gastrointestinal Function
Animals: Raun et al., 1998, European journal of endocrinology (PMID 09849822)
Lab cells: Ferro et al., 2017, Drug testing and analysis (PMID 26811125)
People: Gobburu et al., 1999, Pharmaceutical research (PMID 10496658)
Animals: Venkova et al., 2009, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics (PMID 19289567)
Animals: Lu et al., 2024, Physiology & behavior (PMID 39043357)
Animals: Svensson et al., 2000, The Journal of endocrinology (PMID 10828840)
Animals: Johansen et al., 1999, Growth hormone & IGF research (PMID 10373343)
Animals: Lall et al., 2001, Biochemical and biophysical research communications (PMID 11162489)
Animals: Gouda et al., 2024, Animal reproduction science (PMID 38996787)
Database: PepBank data: Ipamorelin and CJC-1295 (with DAC) together
Database: PepBank data: Ipamorelin and Mod GRF (1-29) (CJC-1295 without DAC) together
Community: Community sources (forums and guides), as summarized in the PepBank community file
Animals: Andersen et al., 2001, Growth hormone & IGF research (PMID 11735244)
Animals: Aagaard et al., 2009, Growth hormone & IGF research (PMID 19231263)
Regulator: Other regulator or record: World (WADA 2027 list)

AI wrote this page from the sources above. AI can make mistakes, so check important facts against the source.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.

Ask your AI about ipamorelin

Curo is a peptide shop. PepBank and Curo have the same owner. See the Curo catalog (opens in a new tab).

Ipamorelin

Not approvedBanned in sport

Also known as NNC 26-0161, NNC-26-0161, NNC-260161, Ipamorelin acetate, Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

What it is

Synthetic analog, 5 amino acids

Approval

Not approved for any use

In sport

Banned in sport (WADA S2.2.4)

Studies

31 studies with results. 24 of them gave ipamorelin, with 110 results.
13 in people88 in animals9 in lab cells

Best study in people

Randomized controlled trial with 114 people (2014)

Clinical trials

2 registered: 0 active or planned, 0 with posted results

Community use

Raising growth hormone release (often called GH optimization); Sleep quality and exercise recovery; Body composition (fat loss, muscle); General wellness and anti-aging

Dose as reported

Class

Species

Route

Duration

Design

Source

0.03-mg/kg twice daily

Human

human

intravenous

postoperative day 1 to 7 or hospital discharge

Randomized trial in people · n = 114

Beck 2014

4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kg

Human

human

Not reported

15 minutes infusion

Trial in people without random groups · n = 40

Gobburu 1999

0.5 mg/kg per day

Animal

rat

subcutaneous (osmotic minipump)

12 weeks

Study in live animals · n = 7

Svensson 2000

1 mg/kg

Animal

rat

intravenous bolus infusion

single dose

Study in live animals

Venkova 2009

0.1 or 1 mg/kg

Animal

rat

intravenous bolus infusion

2-day repetitive dosing regimen

Study in live animals

Venkova 2009

2.7 mg/kg

Animal

Not reported

oral

Not reported

Study in live animals

Ankersen 1998

18, 90 and 450 microg/day

Animal

rat

subcutaneous

15 days

Study in live animals

Johansen 1999

1.6 mg/kg/day

Animal

rat

intravenous

10 days

Study in live animals

Malmlöf 1999

0.4 mg/kg/day

Animal

rat

intravenous

10 days

Study in live animals

Malmlöf 1999

0.4 and 1.6 mg/kg/day

Animal

rat

intravenous

10 days

Study in live animals

Malmlöf 1999

0.014 µmol/kg

Animal

rat

intravenous

Not reported

Study in live animals

Greenwood-Van 2012

5 or 30 µg

Animal

Oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia)

Not reported

21 days

Study in live animals

Gouda 2024

30 µg

Animal

Oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia)

Not reported

21 days

Study in live animals

Gouda 2024

100 microg/kg three times daily

Animal

rat

subcutaneous

3 months

Study in live animals

Andersen 2001

0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)

Animal

rat

Not reported

seven days

Study in live animals

Aagaard 2009

10(-8) M

Animal

rat

Not reported

4 hours

Study in live animals

Jiménez-Reina 2002

1-3 mg/kg

Animal

ferret

intraperitoneal

up to 72 h

Study in live animals

Lu 2024

1 µM

Lab

rat

Not reported

Study on tissue taken from a body

Greenwood-Van 2012

10(-12) - 10(-6) M

Lab

rat

Not reported

Study on tissue taken from a body

Adeghate 2004

Context

Route

Amount

How often

How long

Agreement

Sources

General growth hormone release

subcutaneous injectionoften injected on an empty stomach

100 to 300 mcg per dose

once to three times daily; sources differ on how many

8 to 12 weeks, then a break

sources differ: 200-300 mcg per dose (S1) against 100-200 mcg per dose (S2). Both are wikis that compile other pages. Both report 8 to 12 weeks. Both sources carry seller links.

S1S2

Stack with CJC-1295 without DAC

subcutaneous injectionthe two peptides are often drawn into one syringe

100 to 200 mcg per dose of each peptide

two or three times daily

8 to 16 weeks

2 sources agree on the stack and on 100-200 mcg of each peptide. Both are wikis that compile other pages. Both sources carry seller links.

S1S2

Once daily before sleep, for general wellness or anti-aging

subcutaneous injection

100 to 200 mcg per dose

once daily before bed

8 to 12 weeks, or ongoing for 12 weeks or more

sources differ: 200 mcg (S1) against 100 mcg (S2). Both say once daily before bed. Both sources carry seller links.

S1S2

Ipamorelin

Key points

Ipamorelin at a glance

What is ipamorelin?

The history of ipamorelin

Ipamorelin structure and chemistry

How does ipamorelin work?

What ipamorelin studies show

Growth hormone and growth

Stomach and gut

Bones and joints

Weight and appetite

Sex hormones and fertility

Hormones

All 3 studies in people

Key ipamorelin studies

Ipamorelin clinical trials

Is ipamorelin approved?

Ipamorelin side effects and safety

How people use it

What people use it for

Reported regimens

Reported side effects

Reported benefits (claims, not shown in trials)

Cautions

Status notes

Community sources

Common questions

Is ipamorelin used with CJC-1295?

What benefits do studies report for ipamorelin?

Does ipamorelin work?

Is ipamorelin safe?

Is ipamorelin banned in sport?

Ask a question about ipamorelin

Related peptides

Sermorelin vs ipamorelin

Sources

Ipamorelin

Key points

Ipamorelin at a glance

What is ipamorelin?

The history of ipamorelin

Ipamorelin structure and chemistry

How does ipamorelin work?

What ipamorelin studies show

Growth hormone and growth

Stomach and gut

Bones and joints

Weight and appetite

Sex hormones and fertility

Hormones

All 3 studies in people

Key ipamorelin studies

Ipamorelin clinical trials

Is ipamorelin approved?

Ipamorelin side effects and safety

How people use it

What people use it for

Reported regimens

Reported side effects

Reported benefits (claims, not shown in trials)

Cautions

Status notes

Community sources

Common questions

Is ipamorelin used with CJC-1295?

What benefits do studies report for ipamorelin?

Does ipamorelin work?

Is ipamorelin safe?

Is ipamorelin banned in sport?

Ask a question about ipamorelin

Related peptides

Sermorelin vs ipamorelin

Sources