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Study · Non-randomized trial · n = 1 · 2015

9 results

Determination of growth hormone releasing peptides metabolites in human urine after nasal administration of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin.

Semenistaya E, Zvereva I, Thomas A, Thevis M, Krotov G, Rodchenkov G

Drug testing and analysis13 Apr 2015Cited by 36 (Europe PMC)

PMID25869809 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/dta.1787 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-25869809
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. 7 results from people.

  1. 01HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics

    After nasal administration to one volunteer, ipamorelin was metabolized intensively and excreted in urine as a set of parent compound and metabolites.

    In plain wordsAfter nasal ipamorelin in one volunteer, the body broke the peptide down extensively and urine contained both ipamorelin and its breakdown products.

    Peptide
    Ipamorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrinary excretion of ipamorelin and metabolites
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hexarelin and Ipamorelin metabolized intensively and were excreted as a set of parent compounds with metabolites.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  2. 02HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics

    After nasal administration to one volunteer, the ipamorelin (1-4) free acid metabolite was detected in urine after the parent substance was completely gone.

    In plain wordsAfter nasal ipamorelin in one volunteer, a breakdown product stayed detectable in urine after the original peptide was gone.

    Peptide
    Ipamorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableDetection of ipamorelin (1-4) free acid after parent withdrawal
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hexarelin (1-3) free acid and Ipamorelin (1-4) free acid were detected in urine samples after complete withdrawal of parent substances.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  3. 03HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics

    After nasal administration to one volunteer, GHRP‑2, GHRP‑2 free acid and GHRP‑2 (1-3) free acid were detected in urine up to 47 h.

    In plain wordsIn one volunteer who took GHRP‑2 through the nose, GHRP‑2 and two breakdown products showed up in urine for up to 47 hours.

    Peptide
    GHRP-2
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrinary excretion of GHRP-2 and metabolites
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Detection time
    47 h
    GHRP-2 and metabolites in urine

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GHRP-2, GHRP-2 free acid and GHRP-2 (1-3) free acid were detected in urine up to 47 h after administration.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To develop an effective method for GHRPs anti-doping control we have investigated metabolites of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin in urine after nasal administration.
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  4. 04HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics

    After nasal administration to one volunteer, hexarelin was metabolized intensively and excreted as a set of parent compound and metabolites.

    In plain wordsIn one volunteer who took hexarelin through the nose, the peptide was broken down extensively and parent peptide and breakdown products appeared in urine.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrinary excretion of hexarelin and metabolites
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hexarelin and Ipamorelin metabolized intensively and were excreted as a set of parent compounds with metabolites.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To develop an effective method for GHRPs anti-doping control we have investigated metabolites of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin in urine after nasal administration.
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  5. 05HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics

    After nasal administration to one volunteer, hexarelin (1-3) free acid was detected in urine samples after complete withdrawal of the parent compound.

    In plain wordsIn one volunteer who took hexarelin through the nose, a breakdown product was still found in urine after the parent peptide was gone.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableHexarelin (1-3) free acid after withdrawal of parent compound
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hexarelin (1-3) free acid and Ipamorelin (1-4) free acid were detected in urine samples after complete withdrawal of parent substances.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To develop an effective method for GHRPs anti-doping control we have investigated metabolites of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin in urine after nasal administration.
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  6. 06HumanCase report or seriesPharmacokinetics

    In one volunteer given GHRP‑6 nasally, GHRP‑6 was mostly excreted unchanged and was detected in urine 23 hours after administration.

    In plain wordsIn one volunteer given GHRP‑6 nasally, most of it left the body unchanged and was found in urine 23 hours later.

    Peptide
    GHRP-6
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrinary detection of unchanged GHRP-6
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Urinary detection time of parent GHRP-6
    23 h
    after nasal administration

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GHRP-6 was mostly excreted unchanged and detected in urine 23 h after administration
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.
  7. 07HumanCase report or seriesPharmacokinetics

    In one volunteer given GHRP‑6 nasally, GHRP‑6 metabolites were detectable in urine for 12 hours only.

    In plain wordsIn one volunteer given GHRP‑6 nasally, breakdown products of GHRP‑6 were found in urine for only 12 hours.

    Peptide
    GHRP-6
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrinary detection of GHRP-6 metabolites
    Study

    n = 1

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · nasalAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Urinary detection time of GHRP-6 metabolites
    12 h
    after nasal administration

    Source sentences

    Summary
    its metabolites were detectable for 12 h only.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

  1. 08LabNot a test of GHRP-2 aloneOther designOther

    GHRPs including GHRP‑2 and their most prominent metabolites were included in a routine UPLC-MS/MS method that was fully validated.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine method for GHRP‑2 and its breakdown products was fully validated for routine use.

    Peptide
    GHRP-2
    Outcome
    Not applicableValidation of urine method for GHRPs
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    UPLC-MS/MS urine method
    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GHRPs and their most prominent metabolites were included into routine ultra-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry procedure. The method was fully validated, calibration curves of targeted analytes were obtained and excretion curves of GHRPs and their metabolites were plotted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To develop an effective method for GHRPs anti-doping control we have investigated metabolites of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin in urine after nasal administration.
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.

    In this study, GHRP-2 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking GHRP-2.

  2. 09LabNot a test of Hexarelin aloneOther designOther

    GHRPs including hexarelin and their most prominent metabolites were included in a routine UPLC-MS/MS method that was fully validated.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine method for hexarelin and its breakdown products was fully validated for routine use.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableValidation of urine method for GHRPs
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    UPLC-MS/MS urine method
    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GHRPs and their most prominent metabolites were included into routine ultra-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry procedure. The method was fully validated, calibration curves of targeted analytes were obtained and excretion curves of GHRPs and their metabolites were plotted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To develop an effective method for GHRPs anti-doping control we have investigated metabolites of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin in urine after nasal administration.
    Summary · context
    Each compound was administrated to one volunteer.

    In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 23 to 46Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC

    The same notice was added 24 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 21:43 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Versions 21 to 22

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Versions 3 to 20

    13 Oct 2026, 14:22 UTC

    The same notice was added 18 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  4. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  5. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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