Peptides / Weight and metabolic

Synthetic analog · 37 amino acids · 3,949 Da

Pramlintide (Symlin)

ApprovedNot banned in sport

Pramlintide (Symlin) is a synthetic form of the hormone amylin, approved in the US for use with mealtime insulin in some people with diabetes. Studies in people tested it for blood sugar control and weight, and tracked side effects. PepBank shows 453 results on pramlintide from 81 studies in people, and 142 from animal and lab studies. The strongest evidence is a randomized trial in people. Data as of 2026-10-30.

Also known as AC-137, AC137, Pramlintide, Pramlintide acetate, Symlin, SymlinPen

37 amino acids, from first to last1 changed amino acid

Evidence level: Large trials in people453 of 595 results come from studies in people, including randomized trials.

Results in people

453

76% of 595 results

Results in animals

14% of 595 results

Results in lab cells

10% of 595 results

From computer models

0% of 595 results

Overview

Pramlintide (Symlin) at a glance

What it is	Synthetic analog, 37 amino acids
Approval	Approved in the US (Symlin)
In sport	Not listed as banned by WADA
Studies	145 studies with results. 111 of them gave pramlintide, with 595 results. 453 in people85 in animals57 in lab cells
Best study in people	Randomized controlled trial with 2,016 people (2016)
Clinical trials	59 registered: 3 active or planned, 14 with posted results
Community use	Adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use mealtime insulin. They must have failed to achieve desired glucose control despite optimal insulin therapy.

The science

What is pramlintide?

An amylin analog approved as an adjunct to mealtime insulin for selected patients with diabetes.

Amino acids in one chain

The history of pramlintide

1995
The oldest paper on pramlintide in PepBank is from 1995.
2002April
A registered trial of pramlintide started (NCT00042458).

Pramlintide (Symlin) structure and chemistry

The key facts about the molecule. Long codes are in the closed section below.

Sequence, 37 amino acidsFrom the first amino acid to the last

+K1CNTA5TCATQ10+RLANF15LVHSS20NNFGP25ILPPT30NVGSN35TY

Darker means more water-repelling+ and − show charge in the bodyOutlined: changed amino acid

Structure

Pramlintide (Symlin) is a synthetic analog of 37 amino acids, with a ring, 1 disulfide bond, 1 changed amino acid.

Formula

C₁₇₁H₂₆₇N₅₁O₅₃S₂

Molecular weight

3,949 g/mol

CAS number

151126-32-8

Target

Amylin receptor complexes: agonistEvidence: original receptor pharmacology study

Development

Amylin Pharmaceuticals and partners. Highest phase: past the trial stage (see status).

Identifiers

PubChem 70691388, UNII D3FM8FA78T, DrugBank DB01278, UniProt P10997

Full sequence, SMILES and InChIKey

InChIKey
TZIRZGBAFTZREM-MKAGXXMWSA-N

SMILES
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]4CCCN4C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC6=CNC=N6)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC7=CC=CC=C7)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H]8CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N8)[C@@H](C)O)C)[C@@H](C)O)CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N

See charge, composition and 3D structure on the Scientific page

The evidence

What pramlintide studies show

Results grouped by what the studies measured. Each card shows where its results come from.

Large trials in people453 of 595 results come from studies in people, including randomized trials.

Blood sugar

212 results · 205 in people · 5 animal · 2 lab

In type 2 diabetes trial completers, pramlintide reduced HbA1c more than placebo. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2003

Top results

In type 2 diabetes trial completers, pramlintide reduced HbA1c more than placebo. (Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2003)
In type 1 diabetes, lower-dose intravenous pramlintide prevented the glucagon rise after meals seen with placebo plus insulin. (Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2002)
In people with type 1 diabetes, liver insulin sensitivity did not differ with versus without pramlintide. (The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016)

Weight and appetite

99 results · 67 in people · 32 animal

In type 2 diabetes trial completers, pramlintide reduced weight more than placebo. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2003

Top results

In type 2 diabetes trial completers, pramlintide reduced weight more than placebo. (Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2003)
In obese subjects, daily calorie intake fell more with pramlintide than placebo at day 3. (American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007)
In healthy normal-weight men, peptide YY blood levels were similar with pramlintide and placebo. (Obesity, 2007)

Stomach and gut

28 results · 26 in people · 2 animal

In type 1 and type 2 diabetes, lower-dose pramlintide delayed stomach emptying compared with placebo. Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2002

Top results

In type 1 and type 2 diabetes, lower-dose pramlintide delayed stomach emptying compared with placebo. (Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2002)
In people with post-bariatric hypoglycemia, pramlintide did not significantly change dumping scores compared with baseline. (Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022)
In men with insulin-dependent diabetes, pramlintide slowed stomach emptying after the first meal compared with placebo. (Diabetologia, 1998)

Daily life and fitness

18 results · 16 in people · 2 animal

In patients with diabetes, treatment satisfaction scores differed between pramlintide and placebo. The Diabetes educator, 2009

Top results

In patients with diabetes, treatment satisfaction scores differed between pramlintide and placebo. (The Diabetes educator, 2009)
In adults with T2DM, distress measures did not differ significantly between pramlintide and rapid-acting insulin groups. (Current medical research and opinion, 2010)
In patients with type 1 diabetes, pramlintide was linked to greater treatment satisfaction than placebo. (Diabetes care, 2009)

Cholesterol and blood fats

13 results · 11 in people · 2 animal

In patients with type 2 diabetes, HDL changes did not differ significantly between pramlintide and placebo. Current medical research and opinion, 2008

Top results

In patients with type 2 diabetes, HDL changes did not differ significantly between pramlintide and placebo. (Current medical research and opinion, 2008)
In non-diabetic people, one pramlintide injection changed blood levels of 7 phosphatidylcholines. (Journal of Alzheimer's disease, 2018)
In insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, pramlintide reduced total cholesterol more than placebo. (Diabetes care, 1998)

Cells, genes and aging

21 results · 9 in people · 1 animal · 11 lab

Pramlintide raised blood amyloid-β in people with Alzheimer's disease but not controls. Alzheimer's & dementia, 2017

Top results

Pramlintide raised blood amyloid-β in people with Alzheimer's disease but not controls. (Alzheimer's & dementia, 2017)
In patients with type 2 diabetes, pramlintide reduced nitrotyrosine rises after meals compared with placebo. (Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2008)
In type 1 diabetes, pramlintide reduced nitrotyrosine rises after meals compared with placebo. (Diabetes care, 2005)

All 145 pramlintide studies by area Open the Scientific page

Key pramlintide studies

Studies in people come first, then studies in animals and in the lab.

People
Cardiovascular safety assessment of pramlintide in type 2 diabetes: results from a pooled analysis of five clinical trials
Herrmann et al. 2016 · Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · 2,016 people · cited by 15
2 results
People
Effect of pramlintide on A1C and body weight in insulin-treated African Americans and Hispanics with type 2 diabetes: a pooled post hoc analysis
Maggs et al. 2003 · Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 410 people · cited by 40
10 results
People
Pramlintide improved glycemic control and reduced weight in patients with type 2 diabetes using basal insulin
Riddle et al. 2007 · Diabetes care · 212 people · cited by 78
5 results
People
Randomized comparison of pramlintide or mealtime insulin added to basal insulin treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes
Riddle et al. 2009 · Diabetes care · 113 people · cited by 41
8 results
People
Effect of Pramlintide on Postprandial Glucose Fluxes in Type 1 Diabetes
Hinshaw et al. 2016 · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 12 people · cited by 25
8 results

All 145 Pramlintide (Symlin) studies

Pramlintide clinical trials

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 59 trials of pramlintide. 3 are active or planned, and 14 have posted results. PepBank does not show trial results.

Solid bars are dates that happened. Hatched bars are planned dates. Data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

A Study to Characterize Regimens of Basal Insulin Intensified With Either Symlin® or Rapid Acting Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Phase 4completed112 people

Use of Exenatide and Pramlintide to Decrease Post-prandial Hyperglycemia

Phase 4completed37 people

Demonstrate the Effects of Pramlintide on Weight Reduction in Schizophrenia

Phase 4completed33 people

All 29 Pramlintide (Symlin) trials

Status and safety

Is pramlintide approved?

FDA

United States

Approved

An approved medicine contains it.

EMA

European Union

Status unknown

Status unknown.

WADA

Sport

Not banned

Not on the 2026 Prohibited List.

Yes. Approved in the US (Symlin). The FDA label for Symlin says: “Adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use mealtime insulin” Not listed as banned by WADA.

Laws and labels change, so check the regulator for the current status.

Pramlintide side effects and safety

PepBank has 84 safety results from studies of pramlintide. 78 of them come from studies in people.

Safety results from studies (84)

In adults with type 2 diabetes, major cardiovascular event rates were similar with pramlintide and pooled comparators. (Clinical diabetes and endocrinology, 2016)
In type 2 diabetes trial completers, hypoglycemia incidence did not increase with pramlintide versus placebo. (Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2003)
In type 1 diabetes, nausea was more common with pramlintide than placebo, mostly mild to moderate. (Diabetes care, 2006)
In patients with type 1 diabetes, pramlintide was linked to lower medication tolerance than placebo. (Diabetes care, 2009)
In patients with IDDM, low blood sugar occurred at similar rates with pramlintide and placebo. (Diabetologia, 1997)
In patients with type 2 diabetes using basal insulin, the pramlintide study reported no treatment-related severe low-glucose events. (Diabetes care, 2007)
In patients with type 2 diabetes, mild-to-moderate nausea was more frequent with pramlintide than placebo. (Current medical research and opinion, 2008)
In obese subjects, withdrawals were similar with pramlintide and placebo. (The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007)
In insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, low blood sugar occurred at similar rates with pramlintide and placebo. (Diabetes care, 1998)
In patients with T1DM, severe low blood sugar rates were numerically higher with pramlintide than placebo. (Postgraduate medicine, 2013)
In patients with type 2 diabetes, mild to moderate low blood sugar was less frequent with pramlintide than rapid-acting insulin. (Diabetes care, 2009)
In the type 1 diabetes study of pramlintide, no serious adverse events were reported. (Diabetes care, 2003)
In type 2 diabetes, no serious adverse events were reported with pramlintide treatment. (Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2004)
In healthy normal-weight men, nausea ratings stayed near baseline and were similar with pramlintide and placebo. (Obesity, 2007)
In adolescents with diabetes, no hypoglycemia occurred during pramlintide infusion. (Pediatric research, 2007)
In type 2 diabetes, pramlintide did not increase the overall rate of severe low blood sugar events. (Diabetes care, 2003)
In type 1 diabetes, temporary mild-to-moderate nausea was the most common adverse event with pramlintide. (Diabetic medicine, 2004)
In type 1 diabetes, pramlintide did not increase the overall rate of severe low blood sugar events. (Diabetes care, 2002)
In obese subjects, nausea was more common with pramlintide than placebo and was generally mild to moderate. (Diabetes care, 2008)
In insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, pramlintide improved blood sugar without increased severe low blood sugar events. (Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2002)
In migraine patients, headache frequency did not differ significantly between pramlintide and CGRP. (Annals of neurology, 2021)
In adults with type 1 diabetes, rapid insulin-and-pramlintide had 12 hypoglycemic events versus 11 with rapid insulin alone. (Diabetes care, 2020)
In patients with IDDM, side effects did not differ meaningfully between pramlintide 30 micrograms and placebo. (Diabetologia, 1996)
In people with type 1 diabetes, gastrointestinal side effects were more frequent with pramlintide than placebo under the same insulin regimen. (Diabetes care, 2018)

See every safety result on the Scientific page

Doses studied (40 shown)

The doses that these studies used. They are not recommendations.

Dose as reported	Class	Species	Route	Duration	Design	Source
90-120 mcg twice daily or 30-150 mcg three times daily	Human	human	Not reported	16-52 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 2,016	Herrmann 2016
120 microg twice daily or 150 microg 3 times a day	Human	human	Not reported	52 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 410	Maggs 2003
60 or 120 microg b.i.d./t.i.d.	Human	human	Not reported	16 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 212	Riddle 2007
120 microg	Human	human	Not reported	24 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 113	Riddle 2009
9 μg/unit insulin	Human	human	Infusion pump	24 h	Randomized trial in people	Riddle 2018
120 microg BID	Human	human	Not reported	26 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 498	Hollander 2004
15 to 60 microg/meal	Human	human	Not reported	29 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 296	Edelman 2006
120, 240, or 360 microg b.i.d. or t.i.d.	Human	human	Not reported	4 months	Randomized trial in people · n = 270	Smith 2008
30 microg four times per day; 30 microg three times per day (BLD or BDS); 60 microg twice per day	Human	human	subcutaneous	4 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 215	Thompson 1997
60 or 120 mug with major meals	Human	human	Not reported	16 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 211	Wysham 2008
Nonforced escalation to 240 microg three times daily	Human	human	subcutaneous	16 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 204	Aronne 2007
15 μg titrated to 30 or 60 μg with major meals	Human	human	Not reported	29 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 155	Herrmann 2013
120 microg	Human	human	Not reported	24 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 112	Peyrot 2010
360 microg b.i.d.	Human	human	Not reported	20 weeks after 4-week lead-in	Randomized trial in people · n = 93	Ravussin 2009
180 microg before meals	Human	human	subcutaneous	6 weeks	Randomized trial in people · n = 88	Smith 2007
60 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 40	Weyer 2003
120 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	single dose	Randomized trial in people · n = 26	Chapman 2005
120 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 19	Maggs 2004
120 microg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 19	Ceriello 2008
25 microg/h	Human	human	intravenous	5-hour infusion in a 2-day study	Randomized trial in people · n = 18	Fineman 2002
50 microg/h	Human	human	intravenous	5-hour infusion in a 2-day study	Randomized trial in people · n = 18	Fineman 2002
60 microg three times daily, then 16 microg/h infusion during clamp	Human	human	subcutaneous, then intravenous during clamp	5 consecutive days with study drug and clamp on day 6	Randomized trial in people · n = 18	Heise 2004
30 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	Single injection	Randomized trial in people · n = 15	Chapman 2007
100 microg/h	Human	human	intravenous	five-hour infusion	Randomized trial in people · n = 12	Fineman 2002
30 microg t.i.d.	Human	human	subcutaneous	5 days	Randomized trial in people · n = 12	Vella 2002
60 microg t.i.d.	Human	human	subcutaneous	5 days	Randomized trial in people · n = 12	Vella 2002
30 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	single dose	Randomized trial in people · n = 11	Kong 1998
60 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	single dose	Randomized trial in people · n = 11	Kong 1998
90 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	single dose	Randomized trial in people · n = 11	Kong 1998
30, 60 or 90 microg	Human	human	subcutaneous	single dose	Randomized trial in people · n = 11	Kong 1998
30 µg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 10	Renukuntla 2014
Maximum 30 microg per meal	Human	human	Not reported	28 days	Randomized trial in people · n = 10	Kishiyama 2009
15 or 30 microg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 9	Chase 2009
15 microg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 9	Chase 2009
30 microg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 9	Chase 2009
25 micrograms/h	Human	human	infusion	5 h	Randomized trial in people · n = 8	Kong 1997
30-45 microg	Human	human	Not reported	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 8	Heptulla 2005
5 microg/unit of insulin	Human	human	subcutaneous	Not reported	Randomized trial in people · n = 8	Rodriguez 2007
100 micrograms/h in one patient; 50 micrograms/h in six patients	Human	human	infusion	330 min	Randomized trial in people · n = 7	Nyholm 1996
120 microg BID	Human	human	subcutaneous	26 weeks	Randomized trial in people	Hollander 2003

From the community

How people use it

What people report online. It comes from forums and guides, not from studies.

Community-reported. Not tested in trials.

The official US label describes prescription use. These regimens are label information and are not community practice.

Reported routines and cautions

What people use it for

Adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use mealtime insulin. They must have failed to achieve desired glucose control despite optimal insulin therapy.S1

Reported regimens

Regimens that community sources report for Pramlintide. Community-reported, not tested in trials.
Context	Route	Amount	How often	How long	Agreement	Sources
Type 2 diabetes with mealtime insulinOfficial label dosing of an approved product	subcutaneous injection	60 to 120 mcg per dose	immediately before each major meal (at least 250 kcal or at least 30 grams of carbohydrate)	Not stated	Official US prescribing information.	S1
Type 1 diabetes with mealtime insulinOfficial label dosing of an approved product	subcutaneous injection	15 to 60 mcg per dose	immediately before each major meal (at least 250 kcal or at least 30 grams of carbohydrate)	Not stated	Official US prescribing information.	S1

Cautions

SYMLIN with insulin increases severe hypoglycemia risk, particularly in type 1 diabetes. The boxed warning states that severe episodes occur within 3 hours after injection. Serious injuries can occur during driving or other high-risk activities. Appropriate patient selection, careful instruction, insulin reduction, and frequent glucose monitoring are critical. Administer SYMLIN and insulin as separate injections. Never mix them.S1

Community sources

S1US Pramlintide prescribing information (opens in a new tab)dailymed.nlm.nih.gov

Gaps

This record uses the official US label only. This review did not search community reports. The record does not reproduce every administration instruction.

Questions and more

Ask a question about pramlintide

The answer links to every study it uses.

What does the evidence say about pramlintide?Is pramlintide tested in people?Compare with Liraglutide Compare with Semaglutide

Sources

Database: PepBank data for pramlintide (data version 308560)
Regulator: FDA status record
Regulator: EMA status record
Regulator: WADA status record
Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov
Community: community sources (forums and guides), as summarized in the PepBank community file

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.

Ask your AI about pramlintide

Pramlintide (Symlin)

ApprovedNot banned in sport

Also known as AC-137, AC137, Pramlintide, Pramlintide acetate, Symlin, SymlinPen

What it is

Synthetic analog, 37 amino acids

Approval

Approved in the US (Symlin)

In sport

Not listed as banned by WADA

Studies

145 studies with results. 111 of them gave pramlintide, with 595 results.
453 in people85 in animals57 in lab cells

Best study in people

Randomized controlled trial with 2,016 people (2016)

Clinical trials

59 registered: 3 active or planned, 14 with posted results

Community use

Adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use mealtime insulin. They must have failed to achieve desired glucose control despite optimal insulin therapy.

Dose as reported

Class

Species

Route

Duration

Design

Source

90-120 mcg twice daily or 30-150 mcg three times daily

Human

human

Not reported

16-52 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 2,016

Herrmann 2016

120 microg twice daily or 150 microg 3 times a day

Human

human

Not reported

52 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 410

Maggs 2003

60 or 120 microg b.i.d./t.i.d.

Human

human

Not reported

16 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 212

Riddle 2007

120 microg

Human

human

Not reported

24 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 113

Riddle 2009

9 μg/unit insulin

Human

human

Infusion pump

24 h

Randomized trial in people

Riddle 2018

120 microg BID

Human

human

Not reported

26 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 498

Hollander 2004

15 to 60 microg/meal

Human

human

Not reported

29 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 296

Edelman 2006

120, 240, or 360 microg b.i.d. or t.i.d.

Human

human

Not reported

4 months

Randomized trial in people · n = 270

Smith 2008

30 microg four times per day; 30 microg three times per day (BLD or BDS); 60 microg twice per day

Human

human

subcutaneous

4 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 215

Thompson 1997

60 or 120 mug with major meals

Human

human

Not reported

16 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 211

Wysham 2008

Nonforced escalation to 240 microg three times daily

Human

human

subcutaneous

16 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 204

Aronne 2007

15 μg titrated to 30 or 60 μg with major meals

Human

human

Not reported

29 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 155

Herrmann 2013

120 microg

Human

human

Not reported

24 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 112

Peyrot 2010

360 microg b.i.d.

Human

human

Not reported

20 weeks after 4-week lead-in

Randomized trial in people · n = 93

Ravussin 2009

180 microg before meals

Human

human

subcutaneous

6 weeks

Randomized trial in people · n = 88

Smith 2007

60 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 40

Weyer 2003

120 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

single dose

Randomized trial in people · n = 26

Chapman 2005

120 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 19

Maggs 2004

120 microg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 19

Ceriello 2008

25 microg/h

Human

human

intravenous

5-hour infusion in a 2-day study

Randomized trial in people · n = 18

Fineman 2002

50 microg/h

Human

human

intravenous

5-hour infusion in a 2-day study

Randomized trial in people · n = 18

Fineman 2002

60 microg three times daily, then 16 microg/h infusion during clamp

Human

human

subcutaneous, then intravenous during clamp

5 consecutive days with study drug and clamp on day 6

Randomized trial in people · n = 18

Heise 2004

30 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

Single injection

Randomized trial in people · n = 15

Chapman 2007

100 microg/h

Human

human

intravenous

five-hour infusion

Randomized trial in people · n = 12

Fineman 2002

30 microg t.i.d.

Human

human

subcutaneous

5 days

Randomized trial in people · n = 12

Vella 2002

60 microg t.i.d.

Human

human

subcutaneous

5 days

Randomized trial in people · n = 12

Vella 2002

30 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

single dose

Randomized trial in people · n = 11

Kong 1998

60 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

single dose

Randomized trial in people · n = 11

Kong 1998

90 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

single dose

Randomized trial in people · n = 11

Kong 1998

30, 60 or 90 microg

Human

human

subcutaneous

single dose

Randomized trial in people · n = 11

Kong 1998

30 µg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 10

Renukuntla 2014

Maximum 30 microg per meal

Human

human

Not reported

28 days

Randomized trial in people · n = 10

Kishiyama 2009

15 or 30 microg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 9

Chase 2009

15 microg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 9

Chase 2009

30 microg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 9

Chase 2009

25 micrograms/h

Human

human

infusion

5 h

Randomized trial in people · n = 8

Kong 1997

30-45 microg

Human

human

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 8

Heptulla 2005

5 microg/unit of insulin

Human

human

subcutaneous

Not reported

Randomized trial in people · n = 8

Rodriguez 2007

100 micrograms/h in one patient; 50 micrograms/h in six patients

Human

human

infusion

330 min

Randomized trial in people · n = 7

Nyholm 1996

120 microg BID

Human

human

subcutaneous

26 weeks

Randomized trial in people

Hollander 2003

Context

Route

Amount

How often

How long

Agreement

Sources

Type 2 diabetes with mealtime insulinOfficial label dosing of an approved product

subcutaneous injection

60 to 120 mcg per dose

immediately before each major meal (at least 250 kcal or at least 30 grams of carbohydrate)

Not stated

Official US prescribing information.

Type 1 diabetes with mealtime insulinOfficial label dosing of an approved product

subcutaneous injection

15 to 60 mcg per dose

immediately before each major meal (at least 250 kcal or at least 30 grams of carbohydrate)

Not stated

Official US prescribing information.

Pramlintide (Symlin)

Pramlintide (Symlin) at a glance

What is pramlintide?

The history of pramlintide

Pramlintide (Symlin) structure and chemistry

What pramlintide studies show

Blood sugar

Weight and appetite

Stomach and gut

Daily life and fitness

Cholesterol and blood fats

Cells, genes and aging

Key pramlintide studies

Pramlintide clinical trials

Is pramlintide approved?

Pramlintide side effects and safety

How people use it

What people use it for

Reported regimens

Cautions

Community sources

Ask a question about pramlintide

Related peptides

Sources

Pramlintide (Symlin)

Pramlintide (Symlin) at a glance

What is pramlintide?

The history of pramlintide

Pramlintide (Symlin) structure and chemistry

What pramlintide studies show

Blood sugar

Weight and appetite

Stomach and gut

Daily life and fitness

Cholesterol and blood fats

Cells, genes and aging

Key pramlintide studies

Pramlintide clinical trials

Is pramlintide approved?

Pramlintide side effects and safety

How people use it

What people use it for

Reported regimens

Cautions

Community sources

Ask a question about pramlintide

Related peptides

Sources