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Study · Systematic review · n = 15,584 · 2024

32 results

Seven glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Xie Z, Zheng G, Liang Z, Li M, Deng W, Cao W

Metabolism: clinical and experimental19 Sept 2024Cited by 33 (Europe PMC)

PMID39305981 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156038 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-39305981
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study32

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. 13 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 12 mg reduced body weight by 22.10% compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 12 mg lowered body weight more than placebo.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight change, retatrutide 12 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Body weight change
    −22.1%
    retatrutide 12 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    compared with placebo, retatrutide 12 mg (-22.10 % in body weight and - 17.00 cm in waist circumference)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 8 mg reduced body weight by 20.70% compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 8 mg lowered body weight more than placebo.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight change, retatrutide 8 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    8 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Body weight change
    −20.7%
    retatrutide 8 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    retatrutide 8 mg (-20.70 % and - 15.90 cm)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  3. 03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with obesity or overweight, tirzepatide 15 mg reduced body weight by 16.53% versus placebo in a network meta-analysis.

    In plain wordsIn patients with obesity or overweight, tirzepatide 15 mg lowered body weight more than placebo in a pooled analysis of trials.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight change versus placebo, tirzepatide 15 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    15 mgAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    body weight change
    −16.53%
    tirzepatide 15 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    tirzepatide 15 mg (-16.53 % and - 13.23 cm)
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In terms of efficacy, compared with placebo
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg
  4. 04HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs, retatrutide did not increase the incidence of serious adverse events.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, retatrutide did not raise the rate of serious side effects.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n = 15,584

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    8 mg or 12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  5. 05HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs, retatrutide did not increase the incidence of hypoglycemic events (below 54 mg/dL).

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, retatrutide did not raise the rate of low blood sugar events.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events
    Study

    n = 15,584

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    8 mg or 12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  6. 06HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs, mazdutide did not increase the incidence of serious adverse events.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, mazdutide did not raise the rate of serious side effects.

    Peptide
    Mazdutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n = 15,584

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    4.5 mg or 6 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  7. 07HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs, mazdutide did not increase the incidence of hypoglycemic events (below 54 mg/dL).

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, mazdutide did not raise the rate of low blood sugar events.

    Peptide
    Mazdutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events
    Study

    n = 15,584

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    4.5 mg or 6 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  8. 08HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 12 mg reduced waist circumference by 17.00 cm compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 12 mg reduced waist size more than placebo.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseWaist circumference change, retatrutide 12 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Waist circumference change
    −17 cm
    retatrutide 12 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    compared with placebo, retatrutide 12 mg (-22.10 % in body weight and - 17.00 cm in waist circumference)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  9. 09HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 8 mg reduced waist circumference by 15.90 cm compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide 8 mg reduced waist size more than placebo.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseWaist circumference change, retatrutide 8 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    8 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Waist circumference change
    −15.9 cm
    retatrutide 8 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    retatrutide 8 mg (-20.70 % and - 15.90 cm)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  10. 10HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In head-to-head comparisons of a network meta-analysis, retatrutide showed no significant difference in adverse event withdrawal.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, people on retatrutide did not stop treatment because of side effects significantly more often.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions (head-to-head comparisons)
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    8 mg or 12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  11. 11HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In head-to-head comparisons of a network meta-analysis, mazdutide showed no significant difference in adverse event withdrawal.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, people on mazdutide did not stop treatment because of side effects significantly more often.

    Peptide
    Mazdutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions (head-to-head comparisons)
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    4.5 mg or 6 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
  12. 12HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with obesity or overweight, tirzepatide 15 mg reduced waist circumference by 13.23 cm versus placebo in a network meta-analysis.

    In plain wordsIn patients with obesity or overweight, tirzepatide 15 mg reduced waist size more than placebo in a pooled analysis of trials.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseWaist circumference change versus placebo, tirzepatide 15 mg
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    15 mgAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    waist circumference change
    −13.23 cm
    tirzepatide 15 mg vs placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    tirzepatide 15 mg (-16.53 % and - 13.23 cm)
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In terms of efficacy, compared with placebo
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg
  13. 13HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of RCTs in people with obesity or overweight, retatrutide, one of the three most efficacious treatments, was less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, retatrutide worked less well in people with type 2 diabetes who have obesity or overweight.

    Peptide
    Retatrutide
    Outcome
    Not applicableEfficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    8 mg or 12 mg · at least 16 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, these treatments were less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In terms of efficacy, compared with placebo, retatrutide 12 mg (-22.10 % in body weight and - 17.00 cm in waist circumference), retatrutide 8 mg (-20.70 % and - 15.90 cm), and tirzepatide 15 mg (-16.53 % and - 13.23 cm) were the three most efficacious treatments for reducing body weight and waist circumference.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone19

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

  1. 14HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In people with obesity or overweight, no intervention, including orforglipron, increased the incidence of serious adverse events in the network meta-analysis.

    In plain wordsIn people with obesity or overweight, no intervention, including orforglipron, increased serious adverse event incidence in the network meta-analysis.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  2. 15HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In people with obesity or overweight, no intervention, including orforglipron, increased hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL) in the network meta-analysis.

    In plain wordsIn people with obesity or overweight, no intervention, including orforglipron, increased low blood sugar events in the network meta-analysis.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  3. 16HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In people with obesity or overweight, all interventions, including orforglipron, showed no significant difference in adverse event withdrawal in head-to-head comparisons.

    In plain wordsIn people with obesity or overweight, adverse event withdrawal showed no significant difference between interventions, including orforglipron, in head-to-head comparisons.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions in head-to-head comparisons
    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  4. 17HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, retatrutide 12 mg, retatrutide 8 mg and tirzepatide 15 mg together were less effective for weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, the three most effective obesity drugs, including tirzepatide 15 mg, worked less well in people with type 2 diabetes.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight loss efficacy in type 2 diabetes
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, these treatments were less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.

  5. 18HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, semaglutide included, increased serious adverse events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including semaglutide, raised the rate of serious side effects.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  6. 19HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, liraglutide included, increased serious adverse events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including liraglutide, raised the rate of serious side effects.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  7. 20HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, tirzepatide included, increased serious adverse events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including tirzepatide, raised the rate of serious side effects.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSerious adverse events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.

  8. 21HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, semaglutide included, increased hypoglycemic events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including semaglutide, raised the rate of low blood sugar events.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events (<54 mg/dL)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  9. 22HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, liraglutide included, increased hypoglycemic events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including liraglutide, raised the rate of low blood sugar events.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events (<54 mg/dL)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  10. 23HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis, none of the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, tirzepatide included, increased hypoglycemic events.

    In plain wordsIn pooled trials, none of the seven obesity drugs, including tirzepatide, raised the rate of low blood sugar events.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemic events (<54 mg/dL)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.

  11. 24HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In head-to-head comparisons, adverse event withdrawal did not differ significantly among the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, semaglutide included.

    In plain wordsIn pooled head-to-head trials, the seven obesity drugs, including semaglutide, did not differ in how often people stopped because of side effects.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions (head-to-head)
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  12. 25HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In head-to-head comparisons, adverse event withdrawal did not differ significantly among the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, liraglutide included.

    In plain wordsIn pooled head-to-head trials, the seven obesity drugs, including liraglutide, did not differ in how often people stopped because of side effects.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions (head-to-head)
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  13. 26HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In head-to-head comparisons, adverse event withdrawal did not differ significantly among the seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists, tirzepatide included.

    In plain wordsIn pooled head-to-head trials, the seven obesity drugs, including tirzepatide, did not differ in how often people stopped because of side effects.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse event withdrawal
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Other interventions (head-to-head)
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis.
    Summary · context
    tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg

    In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.

  14. 27HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    Across pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, patients with high BMI had significantly greater weight loss than patients with low BMI.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions, patients with high BMI had greater weight loss than patients with low BMI.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    IncreaseWeight loss by baseline BMI
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Patients with low BMI
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, patients with a high body mass index (BMI) or longer treatment cycles exhibited significantly greater weight loss than those with a low BMI or shorter treatment cycles.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  15. 28HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    Across interventions in people with obesity or overweight, longer treatment cycles were associated with significantly greater weight loss than shorter cycles.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions, patients with longer treatment cycles had greater weight loss than patients with shorter cycles.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    IncreaseWeight loss by treatment cycle length
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Shorter treatment cycles
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, patients with a high body mass index (BMI) or longer treatment cycles exhibited significantly greater weight loss than those with a low BMI or shorter treatment cycles.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  16. 29HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Across pooled interventions, patients without T2DM had a higher incidence of adverse events than patients with T2DM.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions, patients without T2DM had more adverse events than patients with T2DM.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    IncreaseAdverse events by diabetes status
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Patients with T2DM
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In terms of safety, patients without T2DM had a higher incidence of adverse events than those with T2DM.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  17. 30HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Across pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, racial disparities did not significantly increase adverse event incidence.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, racial disparities did not significantly increase adverse events.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse events by race
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, disparities in race, BMI, and treatment cycles did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  18. 31HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Across pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, BMI disparities did not significantly increase adverse event incidence.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, BMI disparities did not significantly increase adverse events.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse events by BMI
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, disparities in race, BMI, and treatment cycles did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

  19. 32HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Across pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, disparities in treatment cycles did not significantly increase adverse event incidence.

    In plain wordsAcross pooled interventions in people with obesity or overweight, differences in treatment cycles did not significantly increase adverse events.

    Peptide
    Orforglipron
    Outcome
    No significant changeAdverse events by treatment cycles
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, disparities in race, BMI, and treatment cycles did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline.
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events.

    In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 31 to 48Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:04 UTC

    The same notice was added 18 times, first on 14 Oct 2026, 05:01 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Version 30

    14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Versions 6 to 29

    13 Oct 2026, 21:46 UTC

    The same notice was added 24 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  4. Versions 2 to 5

    9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC

    The same notice was added 4 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  5. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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