Lean Mass Changes With Incretin Therapy Versus Lifestyle Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Eisa N, Barood O

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism24 Mar 2026Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID41877354DOI10.1111/dom.70666PepBankPUB-41877354

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. 3 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of randomised trials in adults with overweight or obesity, lean mass made up 25.4% of total weight lost with tirzepatide.
In plain wordsIn pooled trials of adults with overweight or obesity, about a quarter of the weight lost with tirzepatide was lean mass.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Not applicableProportion of total weight loss attributable to lean mass with tirzepatide
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Lean mass share of total weight lost
25.4%
tirzepatide
95% CI
22.8 to 28%
tirzepatide
Source sentences
Summary
tirzepatide (25.4% [22.8-28.0])
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Randomised controlled trials of semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide or lifestyle interventions reporting body composition outcomes measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or magnetic resonance imaging were included.
Summary · context
Twenty randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 15 782 participants met inclusion criteria.
Report a problemFND-4187735401
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with overweight or obesity, lean mass made up 35.2% of the total weight lost with semaglutide in pooled randomised trials.
In plain wordsIn adults with overweight or obesity, lean mass made up part of the weight lost on semaglutide, in pooled trials.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
Not applicableProportion of total weight lost as lean mass
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Lean mass share of weight lost
35.2%
semaglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Lean mass constituted 25%-39% of total weight lost with incretin agonists: semaglutide (35.2% [95% CI: 31.5-38.9])
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Randomised controlled trials of semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide or lifestyle interventions reporting body composition outcomes measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or magnetic resonance imaging were included.
Report a problemFND-4187735402
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with overweight or obesity, lean mass made up 26.8% of the total weight lost with liraglutide in pooled randomised trials.
In plain wordsIn adults with overweight or obesity, lean mass made up a share of the weight lost on liraglutide, in pooled trials.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableProportion of total weight lost as lean mass
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Lean mass share of weight lost
26.8%
liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Lean mass constituted 25%-39% of total weight lost with incretin agonists: semaglutide (35.2% [95% CI: 31.5-38.9]), tirzepatide (25.4% [22.8-28.0]) and liraglutide (26.8% [23.1-30.5]).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Randomised controlled trials of semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide or lifestyle interventions reporting body composition outcomes measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or magnetic resonance imaging were included.
Report a problemFND-4187735403

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

04HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with overweight or obesity, the proportion of weight lost as lean mass with incretin-based therapies (including semaglutide) was comparable to that with lifestyle interventions.
In plain wordsIn adults with overweight or obesity, the share of lost weight that was lean mass was similar for incretin drugs, including semaglutide, and lifestyle changes.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeProportion of total weight lost as lean mass
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Intensive lifestyle interventions
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Lifestyle interventions showed comparable proportional lean mass loss (26.2% [24.1-28.3]; p = 0.42 for comparison)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Lean mass constituted 25%-39% of total weight lost with incretin agonists: semaglutide (35.2% [95% CI: 31.5-38.9]), tirzepatide (25.4% [22.8-28.0]) and liraglutide (26.8% [23.1-30.5]).
Summary · context
Randomised controlled trials of semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide or lifestyle interventions reporting body composition outcomes measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or magnetic resonance imaging were included.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4187735404
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with overweight or obesity, the proportion of weight lost as lean mass with incretin-based therapies (including liraglutide) was comparable to that with lifestyle interventions.
In plain wordsIn adults with overweight or obesity, the share of lost weight that was lean mass was similar for incretin drugs, including liraglutide, and lifestyle changes.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeProportion of total weight lost as lean mass
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Intensive lifestyle interventions
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Lifestyle interventions showed comparable proportional lean mass loss (26.2% [24.1-28.3]; p = 0.42 for comparison)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Lean mass constituted 25%-39% of total weight lost with incretin agonists: semaglutide (35.2% [95% CI: 31.5-38.9]), tirzepatide (25.4% [22.8-28.0]) and liraglutide (26.8% [23.1-30.5]).
Summary · context
Randomised controlled trials of semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide or lifestyle interventions reporting body composition outcomes measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or magnetic resonance imaging were included.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4187735405

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials2

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

2 trials · 1 ongoing · 1 not yet recruiting · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

Not yet recruitingNot applicableNCT07817823

Yeast Protein Supplementation and Muscle Preservation During GLP-1RA-Induced Weight Loss

Huazhong University of Science and Technologyn = 200est. 20 Sept 2026 to est. 30 May 2027

Overweight and Obesity in Adults Receiving GLP-1RA Treatment

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 15 Oct 2026

RecruitingPhase not statedNCT07835360

Body Composition Changes After Initiation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Adults With Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes

Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubirann = 20010 Jul 2026 to est. Jul 2029

Obesity (Disorder) · Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 25 Sept 2026

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Versions 4 to 39Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:04 UTC
The same notice was added 36 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Versions 2 to 3
9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC