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Study · Systematic review · 2026

5 results

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Suicidality: A Systematic Review.

Au HCT, Zheng YJ, Le GH, Wong S, Teopiz KM, Kwan ATH, Rosenblat JD, Mansur RB, Choi H, McIntyre RS

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity6 Mar 2026

PMID41792979 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC13371786 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/obr.70120 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41792979
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Summary

IntroductionIncreased risk of suicidality has been reported in association with glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) prescription. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive review evaluating reports of GLP-1 RA prescription and suicidality.MethodsRelevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024. Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.ResultsOur findings indicate liraglutide (reported odds ratio [ROR] = 3.26, 95% CI = 2.53, 4.22) and semaglutide (ROR = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.80) are significantly associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal ideation. Similarly, tirzepatide was associated with greater odds of reported suicidal ideation; however, this was nonsignificant (ROR = 1.49; 95% CI = -0.41, 1.21). Similarly, semaglutide (ROR = 8.81; 95% CI = 3.69, 21.04) and liraglutide (ROR = 3.74; 95% CI = 1.23, 11.38) are also associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal depression. No significant association between other GLP-1 RAs and suicidality was observed.DiscussionReports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In the systematic review, liraglutide was associated with reported suicidal ideation (ROR 3.26; 95% CI 2.53, 4.22); the source reports a significant association.

    In plain wordsIn the review, liraglutide was reported as linked to more suicidal-thought reports.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseReported suicidal ideation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Reported odds ratio
    3.26
    suicidal ideation; confidence interval retained as published

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Our findings indicate liraglutide (reported odds ratio [ROR] = 3.26, 95% CI = 2.53, 4.22) and semaglutide (ROR = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.80) are significantly associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal ideation.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.
    Summary · context
    Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In the systematic review, semaglutide was associated with reported suicidal ideation (ROR 1.73; 95% CI 0.30, 0.80); the source reports a significant association with an inconsistent confidence interval.

    In plain wordsIn the review, semaglutide was reported as linked to more suicidal-thought reports.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseReported suicidal ideation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Reported odds ratio
    1.73
    suicidal ideation; confidence interval retained as published

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Our findings indicate liraglutide (reported odds ratio [ROR] = 3.26, 95% CI = 2.53, 4.22) and semaglutide (ROR = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.80) are significantly associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal ideation.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.
    Summary · context
    Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.
  3. 03HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In the systematic review, tirzepatide was associated with reported suicidal ideation (ROR 1.49; 95% CI -0.41, 1.21); the source reports a nonsignificant association and an inconsistent confidence interval.

    In plain wordsIn the review, tirzepatide had a reported suicidal-thought association that was not significant.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    No significant changeReported suicidal ideation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Reported odds ratio
    1.49
    suicidal ideation; confidence interval retained as published

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, tirzepatide was associated with greater odds of reported suicidal ideation; however, this was nonsignificant (ROR = 1.49; 95% CI = -0.41, 1.21).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.
    Summary · context
    Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.
  4. 04HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In the systematic review, semaglutide was associated with reported suicidal depression (ROR 8.81; 95% CI 3.69, 21.04); the source reports a significant association.

    In plain wordsIn the review, semaglutide was reported as linked to more suicidal-depression reports.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseReported suicidal depression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Reported odds ratio
    8.81
    suicidal depression; confidence interval retained as published

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, semaglutide (ROR = 8.81; 95% CI = 3.69, 21.04) and liraglutide (ROR = 3.74; 95% CI = 1.23, 11.38) are also associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal depression.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.
    Summary · context
    Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.
  5. 05HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In the systematic review, liraglutide was associated with reported suicidal depression (ROR 3.74; 95% CI 1.23, 11.38); the source reports a significant association.

    In plain wordsIn the review, liraglutide was reported as linked to more suicidal-depression reports.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseReported suicidal depression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Reported odds ratio
    3.74
    suicidal depression; confidence interval retained as published

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, semaglutide (ROR = 8.81; 95% CI = 3.69, 21.04) and liraglutide (ROR = 3.74; 95% CI = 1.23, 11.38) are also associated with a greater odds ratio of reported suicidal depression.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Relevant articles were retrieved from OVID (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to May 20, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Primary research examining the association between GLP-1 RAs (i.e., dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) and suicidality were included for analysis.
    Summary · context
    Reports of aspects of suicidality and exposure to select GLP-1 RAs exist; notwithstanding, no causality between GLP-1 RA exposure and suicidality is apparent.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 4Current

    12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Versions 2 to 3

    9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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