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Study · Observational study · n = 97 · 2026

17 results

Weight loss in people with type 1 diabetes over 12 months: Real-world data comparing tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide.

Al Ozairi E, Irshad M, Alkandari J, Sojan L, Alroudhan D, Alotaibi N, le Roux CW

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism6 Oct 2025Cited by 7 (Europe PMC)

Summary

AimsThis study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).MethodsThis real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82). Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.ResultsAll three agents led to significant weight loss. Tirzepatide showed the greatest reduction of weight loss (10.9%; p < 0.001), followed by semaglutide (9.9%; p < 0.001) and liraglutide (7.1%; p < 0.001). Dose-dependent reductions were observed for tirzepatide and semaglutide. Tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide modestly reduced HbA1c by 0.65% (p = 0.004), 0.33% (p = 0.034) and 0.23% (p = 0.017), respectively. LDL-cholesterol was reduced by semaglutide (p = 0.05) and liraglutide (p = 0.02), and liraglutide also lowered the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (p = 0.007). There was no change in body weight and HbA1c in the usual care group. No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.ConclusionTirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide reduced bodyweight and improved in selected metabolic risk markers over 12 months without increasing the risk for hypoglycaemia or DKA. Weight loss appeared less compared with patients without diabetes. Tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide modestly improved glycaemic control in adults with T1D and obesity. These findings support the potential adjunctive role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in people with obesity and T1D and underscore the need for further validation through randomized controlled trials.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study17

17 results from studies that gave the peptide. 17 results from people.

  1. 01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, liraglutide use was associated with a 0.23% HbA1c reduction over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, liraglutide use was linked to a 0.23% HbA1c reduction.

    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    n = 97

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c reduction
    0.23%
    liraglutide
    P value
    0.017
    liraglutide HbA1c reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide modestly reduced HbA1c by 0.65% (p = 0.004), 0.33% (p = 0.034) and 0.23% (p = 0.017), respectively.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  2. 02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, liraglutide use was associated with lower LDL-cholesterol over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, liraglutide use was linked to lower LDL cholesterol.

    Outcome
    DecreaseLDL-cholesterol
    Study

    n = 97

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    P value
    0.02
    liraglutide LDL-cholesterol reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LDL-cholesterol was reduced by semaglutide (p = 0.05) and liraglutide (p = 0.02), and liraglutide also lowered the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (p = 0.007).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  3. 03HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, liraglutide use was associated with a lower urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, liraglutide use was linked to a lower urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.

    Outcome
    DecreaseUrine albumin-to-creatinine ratio
    Study

    n = 97

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    P value
    0.007
    liraglutide urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LDL-cholesterol was reduced by semaglutide (p = 0.05) and liraglutide (p = 0.02), and liraglutide also lowered the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (p = 0.007).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  4. 04HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, semaglutide use was associated with a 0.33% HbA1c reduction over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, semaglutide use was linked to a 0.33% HbA1c reduction.

    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    n = 36

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c reduction
    0.33%
    semaglutide
    P value
    0.034
    semaglutide HbA1c reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide modestly reduced HbA1c by 0.65% (p = 0.004), 0.33% (p = 0.034) and 0.23% (p = 0.017), respectively.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  5. 05HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, semaglutide use was associated with lower LDL-cholesterol over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, semaglutide use was linked to lower LDL cholesterol.

    Outcome
    DecreaseLDL-cholesterol
    Study

    n = 36

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    P value
    0.05
    semaglutide LDL-cholesterol reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LDL-cholesterol was reduced by semaglutide (p = 0.05) and liraglutide (p = 0.02), and liraglutide also lowered the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (p = 0.007).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  6. 06HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, tirzepatide use was associated with a 0.65% HbA1c reduction over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, tirzepatide use was linked to a 0.65% HbA1c reduction.

    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    n = 35

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c reduction
    0.65%
    tirzepatide
    P value
    0.004
    tirzepatide HbA1c reduction

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide, semaglutide and liraglutide modestly reduced HbA1c by 0.65% (p = 0.004), 0.33% (p = 0.034) and 0.23% (p = 0.017), respectively.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  7. 07HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, liraglutide was associated with 7.1% weight loss over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, liraglutide was linked to 7.1% weight loss.

    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight loss
    Study

    n = 97

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Weight loss
    7.1%
    liraglutide
    P value
    < 0.001
    liraglutide weight loss

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide showed the greatest reduction of weight loss (10.9%; p < 0.001), followed by semaglutide (9.9%; p < 0.001) and liraglutide (7.1%; p < 0.001).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  8. 08HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported with liraglutide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using liraglutide, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableSevere hypoglycaemia
    Study

    n = 97

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  9. 09HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported with liraglutide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using liraglutide, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableDiabetic ketoacidosis
    Study

    n = 97

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  10. 10HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, semaglutide was associated with 9.9% weight loss over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, semaglutide was linked to 9.9% weight loss.

    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight loss
    Study

    n = 36

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Weight loss
    9.9%
    semaglutide
    P value
    < 0.001
    semaglutide weight loss

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide showed the greatest reduction of weight loss (10.9%; p < 0.001), followed by semaglutide (9.9%; p < 0.001) and liraglutide (7.1%; p < 0.001).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  11. 11HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, semaglutide showed dose-dependent weight reductions.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, semaglutide showed dose-dependent weight reductions.

    Outcome
    DecreaseDose-dependent body weight reduction
    Study

    n = 36

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Dose-dependent reductions were observed for tirzepatide and semaglutide.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  12. 12HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported with semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using semaglutide, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableSevere hypoglycaemia
    Study

    n = 36

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  13. 13HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported with semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using semaglutide, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableDiabetic ketoacidosis
    Study

    n = 36

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  14. 14HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, tirzepatide was associated with 10.9% weight loss over 12 months.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, tirzepatide was linked to 10.9% weight loss.

    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight loss
    Study

    n = 35

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Weight loss
    10.9%
    tirzepatide
    P value
    < 0.001
    tirzepatide weight loss

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide showed the greatest reduction of weight loss (10.9%; p < 0.001), followed by semaglutide (9.9%; p < 0.001) and liraglutide (7.1%; p < 0.001).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  15. 15HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, tirzepatide showed dose-dependent weight reductions.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity, tirzepatide showed dose-dependent weight reductions.

    Outcome
    DecreaseDose-dependent body weight reduction
    Study

    n = 35

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Dose-dependent reductions were observed for tirzepatide and semaglutide.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  16. 16HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported with tirzepatide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using tirzepatide, no severe hypoglycaemia events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableSevere hypoglycaemia
    Study

    n = 35

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.
  17. 17HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported with tirzepatide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 1 diabetes and obesity using tirzepatide, no diabetic ketoacidosis events were reported.

    Outcome
    Not applicableDiabetic ketoacidosis
    Study

    n = 35

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events were reported in any group.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to compare the effects of tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide on body weight and metabolic risk markers over 12 months in people with body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Summary · context
    This real-world study included 250 people with obesity and T1D (female = 54.8%), treated with either tirzepatide (n = 35), semaglutide (n = 36), liraglutide (n = 97) or usual care (n = 82).
    Summary · context
    Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, renal and liver markers, blood pressure, and HbA1c.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 4Current

    12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Versions 2 to 3

    9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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