Comparative Efficacy of Tirzepatide, Liraglutide, and Semaglutide in Reduction of Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Evidence.

Henney AE, Riley DR, Anson M, Heague M, Hernadez G, Alam U, Craig S, Cuthbertson DJ

Annals of the American Thoracic Society1 Jul 2025Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID40590655DOI10.1513/annalsats.202409-923ocPepBankPUB-40590655

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

11 results from studies that gave the peptide. 11 results from people.

01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In a secondary analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was associated with lower incident OSA than liraglutide (HR, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82-0.97).
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was linked to less new obstructive sleep apnea than liraglutide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseIncident obstructive sleep apnea
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Liraglutide
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Sleep · Sleep
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.89
secondary OSA; tirzepatide versus liraglutide
95% CI
0.82 to 0.97
secondary OSA; tirzepatide versus liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, tirzepatide reduced incident OSA compared with liraglutide (0.89; 0.82-0.97) but not semaglutide (0.94; 0.86-1.02).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Finally, we assessed incident OSA in a secondary analysis of patients with T2D treated with tirzepatide compared with liraglutide and semaglutide.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Report a problemFND-4059065503
02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In a secondary analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was not reported to reduce incident OSA versus semaglutide (HR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.86-1.02).
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was not reported to reduce new obstructive sleep apnea versus semaglutide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedIncident obstructive sleep apnea
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Semaglutide
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Sleep · Sleep
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.94
secondary OSA; tirzepatide versus semaglutide
95% CI
0.86 to 1.02
secondary OSA; tirzepatide versus semaglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, tirzepatide reduced incident OSA compared with liraglutide (0.89; 0.82-0.97) but not semaglutide (0.94; 0.86-1.02).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Finally, we assessed incident OSA in a secondary analysis of patients with T2D treated with tirzepatide compared with liraglutide and semaglutide.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Report a problemFND-4059065504
03HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In secondary type 2 diabetes cohorts, liraglutide was associated with higher incident OSA risk than tirzepatide; the published tirzepatide-versus-liraglutide HR 0.89 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.97) is retained without inversion.
In plain wordsIn T2D cohorts, liraglutide was linked to higher incident OSA risk than tirzepatide.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseIncident obstructive sleep apnea
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Tirzepatide
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Sleep · Sleep
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.89
secondary OSA; published tirzepatide versus liraglutide orientation; not inverted
95% CI
0.82 to 0.97
secondary OSA; published tirzepatide versus liraglutide orientation; not inverted
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, tirzepatide reduced incident OSA compared with liraglutide (0.89; 0.82-0.97) but not semaglutide (0.94; 0.86-1.02).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Finally, we assessed incident OSA in a secondary analysis of patients with T2D treated with tirzepatide compared with liraglutide and semaglutide.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Report a problemFND-4059065507
04HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In a secondary analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was not reported to reduce incident OSA versus semaglutide (HR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.86-1.02).
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was not reported to reduce new obstructive sleep apnea versus semaglutide.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
Direction not reportedIncident obstructive sleep apnea
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Tirzepatide
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Sleep · Sleep
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.94
secondary OSA; published tirzepatide versus semaglutide orientation
95% CI
0.86 to 1.02
secondary OSA; published tirzepatide versus semaglutide orientation
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, tirzepatide reduced incident OSA compared with liraglutide (0.89; 0.82-0.97) but not semaglutide (0.94; 0.86-1.02).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Finally, we assessed incident OSA in a secondary analysis of patients with T2D treated with tirzepatide compared with liraglutide and semaglutide.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Report a problemFND-4059065508
05HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide use was associated with lower incident MACE risk than liraglutide (HR, 0.58; 95% CI: 0.51-0.66).
In plain wordsIn people with OSA and type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide use was linked to fewer major cardiovascular events than liraglutide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseIncident major adverse cardiovascular events
Study
n = 15,672
Comparator
Liraglutide
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.58
tirzepatide versus liraglutide
95% CI
0.51 to 0.66
tirzepatide versus liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide reduced the risk of incident MACEs compared with liraglutide (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.66) and semaglutide (0.86; 0.74-0.99).
6 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Summary · context
After matching, each treatment arm included 7,836 patients in cohort 1 and 7,394 patients in cohort 2.
Report a problemFND-4059065501
06HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes, liraglutide was associated with higher incident MACE risk than tirzepatide; the published tirzepatide-versus-liraglutide HR 0.58 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.66) is retained without inversion.
In plain wordsIn OSA and T2D cohorts, liraglutide was linked to higher incident MACE risk than tirzepatide.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseIncident major adverse cardiovascular events
Study
n = 15,672
Comparator
Tirzepatide
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.58
published tirzepatide versus liraglutide orientation; not inverted
95% CI
0.51 to 0.66
published tirzepatide versus liraglutide orientation; not inverted
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide reduced the risk of incident MACEs compared with liraglutide (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.66) and semaglutide (0.86; 0.74-0.99).
6 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Summary · context
After matching, each treatment arm included 7,836 patients in cohort 1 and 7,394 patients in cohort 2.
Report a problemFND-4059065505
07HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide use was associated with lower incident MACE risk than semaglutide (HR, 0.86; 95% CI: 0.74-0.99).
In plain wordsIn people with OSA and type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide use was linked to fewer major cardiovascular events than semaglutide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseIncident major adverse cardiovascular events
Study
n = 14,788
Comparator
Semaglutide
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.86
tirzepatide versus semaglutide
95% CI
0.74 to 0.99
tirzepatide versus semaglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide reduced the risk of incident MACEs compared with liraglutide (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.66) and semaglutide (0.86; 0.74-0.99).
6 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Summary · context
After matching, each treatment arm included 7,836 patients in cohort 1 and 7,394 patients in cohort 2.
Report a problemFND-4059065502
08HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was associated with higher incident MACE risk than tirzepatide; the published tirzepatide-versus-semaglutide HR 0.86 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.99) is retained without inversion.
In plain wordsIn OSA and T2D cohorts, semaglutide was linked to higher incident MACE risk than tirzepatide.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseIncident major adverse cardiovascular events
Study
n = 14,788
Comparator
Tirzepatide
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Hazard ratio
0.86
published tirzepatide versus semaglutide orientation; not inverted
95% CI
0.74 to 0.99
published tirzepatide versus semaglutide orientation; not inverted
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide reduced the risk of incident MACEs compared with liraglutide (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.66) and semaglutide (0.86; 0.74-0.99).
6 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
Two cohorts were generated, both with a treatment arm of patients prescribed tirzepatide.
Summary · context
Liraglutide and semaglutide-treated patients provided the reference arms in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively.
Summary · context
Cohorts underwent propensity-score matching at a 1:1 ratio for confounders.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Summary · context
After matching, each treatment arm included 7,836 patients in cohort 1 and 7,394 patients in cohort 2.
Report a problemFND-4059065506
09HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In retrospective OSA/T2D comparisons, tirzepatide was reported more efficacious in participants with younger age; the exact original reference categories, endpoint, coefficient and subgroup N were unstated.
In plain wordsIn OSA/T2D cohorts, younger age was linked to greater reported tirzepatide efficacy; the exact comparison and endpoint were unstated.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedTirzepatide efficacy association with younger age
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Overall treatment effect · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide was more efficacious in younger, male patients of White ethnicity.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Report a problemFND-4059065509
10HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In retrospective OSA/T2D comparisons, tirzepatide was reported more efficacious in participants with male sex; the exact original reference categories, endpoint, coefficient and subgroup N were unstated.
In plain wordsIn OSA/T2D cohorts, male sex was linked to greater reported tirzepatide efficacy; the exact comparison and endpoint were unstated.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedTirzepatide efficacy association with male sex
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Overall treatment effect · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide was more efficacious in younger, male patients of White ethnicity.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Report a problemFND-4059065510
11HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In retrospective OSA/T2D comparisons, tirzepatide was reported more efficacious in participants with White ethnicity; the exact original reference categories, endpoint, coefficient and subgroup N were unstated.
In plain wordsIn OSA/T2D cohorts, White ethnicity was linked to greater reported tirzepatide efficacy; the exact comparison and endpoint were unstated.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedTirzepatide efficacy association with White ethnicity
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Overall treatment effect · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide was more efficacious in younger, male patients of White ethnicity.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in a large global federated database of patients with OSA and T2D.
Summary · context
We examined rates of incident MACEs (composite outcome and individual components) over an 18-month follow up, and performed stratified analyses by body mass index, age, sex, and ethnicity.
Report a problemFND-4059065511

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 4Current
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Versions 2 to 3
9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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Comparative Efficacy of Tirzepatide, Liraglutide, and Semaglutide in Reduction of Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Evidence.

Summary

Results from this study11

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords