Quantitative Comparison of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Weight Loss in Adults: A Systematic Review and Model-Based Meta-Analysis.

Zhang S, Yu B, Xu J, Jin S, Li Y, Bing H, Li J, Ma X, Zhang X, Zhao L

Diabetes technology & therapeutics6 Feb 2025Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID39911047DOI10.1089/dia.2024.0533PepBankPUB-39911047

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. 7 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a model-based meta-analysis of weight-loss trials, retatrutide 12 mg weekly was the most effective treatment for body weight change (mean difference -26.56%).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, retatrutide 12 mg weekly gave the largest weight loss of all the GLP-1 drugs compared.
Peptide
Retatrutide
Outcome
DecreaseChange in body weight (model-based)
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
12 mg qwAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Body weight change, mean difference
−26.56%
retatrutide 12 mg qw
Source sentences
Summary
In terms of Δ body weight, retatrutide (12 mg qw) was the most effective treatment (mean difference = -26.56% [95% confidence interval: -43.89% to -3.01%]).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Retatrutide achieved the most pronounced weight reduction, followed by tirzepatide.
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-3991104701
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with overweight or obesity and no diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly reduced body weight by 22.76% in the model-based meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn adults with overweight or obesity and no diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly was linked to large weight loss in a pooled analysis.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseChange in body weight, nondiabetic overweight or obesity group
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
15 mg qwAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Δ body weight
−22.76%
NDOOG, tirzepatide 15 mg qw
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide (15 mg qw) demonstrated good weight loss ability in all three ΔBW models, ΔBW-NDOOG (-22.76% [-26.45% to -18.50%]), ΔBW-T2DCG (-11.09% [-12.39% to -9.44%])), and ΔBW-T2DAG (-4.97% [-5.84% to -4.12%]).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
Report a problemFND-3991104702
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In Caucasian adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly reduced body weight by 11.09% in the model-based meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn Caucasian adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly was linked to weight loss in a pooled analysis.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseChange in body weight, type 2 diabetes Caucasian group
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
15 mg qwAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Δ body weight
−11.09%
T2DCG, tirzepatide 15 mg qw
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide (15 mg qw) demonstrated good weight loss ability in all three ΔBW models, ΔBW-NDOOG (-22.76% [-26.45% to -18.50%]), ΔBW-T2DCG (-11.09% [-12.39% to -9.44%])), and ΔBW-T2DAG (-4.97% [-5.84% to -4.12%]).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
Report a problemFND-3991104703
04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In Asian adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly reduced body weight by 4.97% in the model-based meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn Asian adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 15 mg weekly was linked to a body weight change of 4.97% in a pooled analysis.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseChange in body weight, type 2 diabetes Asian group
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
15 mg qwAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Δ body weight
−4.97%
T2DAG, tirzepatide 15 mg qw
Source sentences
Summary
Tirzepatide (15 mg qw) demonstrated good weight loss ability in all three ΔBW models, ΔBW-NDOOG (-22.76% [-26.45% to -18.50%]), ΔBW-T2DCG (-11.09% [-12.39% to -9.44%])), and ΔBW-T2DAG (-4.97% [-5.84% to -4.12%]).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
Report a problemFND-3991104704
05HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In the model-based meta-analysis, tirzepatide achieved the second most pronounced weight reduction among GLP-1 receptor agonists, after retatrutide.
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis, tirzepatide gave the second largest weight loss among the drugs compared, after retatrutide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Not applicableWeight reduction ranking
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Retatrutide achieved the most pronounced weight reduction, followed by tirzepatide.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
Report a problemFND-3991104705
06HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In the model-based meta-analysis of change in HbA1c, tirzepatide 10 mg weekly and oral orforglipron 10 mg daily were named as the most effective drugs, respectively.
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of HbA1c change, tirzepatide 10 mg weekly was named among the most effective drugs, and also oral orforglipron.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Not applicableChange in HbA1c, most effective drug
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
10 mg qwAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
In the aspect of ΔHbA1c, tirzepatide (10 mg qw) and oral orforglipron (10 mg qd) were the most effective drug, respectively.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
GLP-1RAs also significantly improved glycemic control for patients with T2D, with tirzepatide performing the best for glycemic control.
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
Report a problemFND-3991104706
07HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults in the model-based meta-analysis, oral orforglipron 10 mg qd was among the most effective drugs for HbA1c reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults in the model-based meta-analysis, oral orforglipron was among the most effective drugs for HbA1c reduction.
Peptide
Orforglipron
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c efficacy ranking
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
10 mg qd · oralAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
In the aspect of ΔHbA1c, tirzepatide (10 mg qw) and oral orforglipron (10 mg qd) were the most effective drug, respectively.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The objective of this study is to quantitatively compare the weight loss effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adult patients with no diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-3991104713

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

08HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with and without type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists (including tirzepatide) showed effective weight management.
In plain wordsIn adults with and without type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists as a group were effective for weight management.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseWeight management with GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs demonstrated effective weight management in both nondiabetic and T2D populations.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3991104707
09HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly improved glycemic control.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists as a group improved blood sugar control.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseGlycemic control with GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs also significantly improved glycemic control for patients with T2D
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3991104708
10HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
Across pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists, patients with a higher baseline body weight tended to have better weight loss outcomes.
In plain wordsAcross GLP-1 receptor agonists as a group, people with higher starting weight tended to lose more weight.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Not applicableEffect of baseline body weight on weight loss
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
patients with a higher baseline body weight tend to have better weight loss outcomes
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3991104709
11HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
Across pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists, patients with a higher baseline HbA1c tended to achieve better blood sugar control.
In plain wordsAcross GLP-1 receptor agonists as a group, people with higher starting HbA1c tended to gain better blood sugar control.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Not applicableEffect of baseline HbA1c on blood sugar control
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
patients with a higher baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tend to achieve better blood sugar control.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
The included trials were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the populations: nondiabetic overweight or obesity group (NDOOG), type 2 diabetes Caucasian group (T2DCG), and type 2 diabetes Asian group (T2DAG).
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3991104710
12HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with and without type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including orforglipron demonstrated effective weight management.
In plain wordsIn adults with and without diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrated effective weight management.
Peptide
Orforglipron
Outcome
DecreaseWeight management
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs demonstrated effective weight management in both nondiabetic and T2D populations.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The objective of this study is to quantitatively compare the weight loss effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adult patients with no diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.
Report a problemFND-3991104714
13HumanNot a test of Orforglipron aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including orforglipron significantly improved glycemic control.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists improved blood sugar control.
Peptide
Orforglipron
Outcome
DecreaseGlycemic control with diabetes
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs also significantly improved glycemic control for patients with T2D, with tirzepatide performing the best for glycemic control.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The objective of this study is to quantitatively compare the weight loss effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adult patients with no diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Summary · context
A total of 137 trials, encompassing 310 treatment arms, 17 GLP-1RAs, and 56,683 patients, were included in the analysis.
In this study, Orforglipron was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Orforglipron.
Report a problemFND-3991104716

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Versions 28 to 45Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:04 UTC
The same notice was added 18 times, first on 14 Oct 2026, 05:01 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Version 27
14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Versions 3 to 26
13 Oct 2026, 21:46 UTC
The same notice was added 24 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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