Efficacy of 12 months therapy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists liraglutide and semaglutide on weight regain after bariatric surgery: a real-world retrospective observational study.

Jensen AB, Machado U, Renström F, Aczél S, Folie P, Biraima-Steinemann M, Bilz S

BMC endocrine disorders7 Apr 2025Cited by 12 (Europe PMC)

PMID40197361PMCIDPMC11974010DOI10.1186/s12902-025-01913-4PepBankPUB-40197361

Read at source PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. 2 results from people.

01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, liraglutide had a lower BMI reduction magnitude than semaglutide after 12 months: 3.1 (IQR 2.0 to 4.7) versus 4.7 (IQR 3.7 to 6.0) kg/m2 (P-value = 0.04).
In plain wordsFor weight regain after bariatric surgery, liraglutide reduced BMI less than semaglutide over 12 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBMI reduction magnitude
Study
n = 40
Comparator
Semaglutide
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
3.0 mg daily · subcutaneous · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median BMI reduction
3.1 kg/m2
liraglutide; IQR 2.0-4.7
Median BMI reduction
4.7 kg/m2
semaglutide; IQR 3.7-6.0
P-value
0.04
native-drug between-group comparison
Source sentences
Summary
The observed reduction in BMI was significantly lower with liraglutide than with semaglutide, 3.1 (2.0, 4.7) vs. 4.7 (3.7, 6.0) kg/m² (P-value = 0.04).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
Report a problemFND-4019736109
02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, semaglutide had a higher BMI reduction magnitude than liraglutide after 12 months: 4.7 (IQR 3.7 to 6.0) versus 3.1 (IQR 2.0 to 4.7) kg/m2 (P-value = 0.04).
In plain wordsFor weight regain after bariatric surgery, semaglutide reduced BMI more than liraglutide over 12 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseBMI reduction magnitude
Study
n = 40
Comparator
Liraglutide
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
1.0 mg weekly · subcutaneous · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median BMI reduction
3.1 kg/m2
liraglutide; IQR 2.0-4.7
Median BMI reduction
4.7 kg/m2
semaglutide; IQR 3.7-6.0
P-value
0.04
native-drug between-group comparison
Source sentences
Summary
The observed reduction in BMI was significantly lower with liraglutide than with semaglutide, 3.1 (2.0, 4.7) vs. 4.7 (3.7, 6.0) kg/m² (P-value = 0.04).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
Report a problemFND-4019736110

Studies that did not test the peptide alone10

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with a median total body weight reduction of 10.5 (IQR 6.1 to 14.7) kg after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower body weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal body weight
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Total body weight reduction
10.5 kg
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
6.1 to 14.7 kg
total body weight reduction
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736101
04HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with a median total body weight reduction of 10.5 (IQR 6.1 to 14.7) kg after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower body weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal body weight
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Total body weight reduction
10.5 kg
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
6.1 to 14.7 kg
total body weight reduction
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736102
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with a median BMI reduction of 3.7 (IQR 2.5 to 5.3) kg/m2 after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower BMI over 12 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBMI
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Median BMI reduction
3.7 kg/m2
pooled liraglutide/semaglutide after 12 months
BMI reduction IQR
2.5 to 5.3 kg/m2
pooled liraglutide/semaglutide; median 3.7
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736103
06HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with a median BMI reduction of 3.7 (IQR 2.5 to 5.3) kg/m2 after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower BMI over 12 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBMI
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Median BMI reduction
3.7 kg/m2
pooled liraglutide/semaglutide after 12 months
BMI reduction IQR
2.5 to 5.3 kg/m2
pooled liraglutide/semaglutide; median 3.7
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736104
07HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with median percentage excess body weight reduction of 41.7 (IQR 22.1 to 70.5)% after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower excess body weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreasePercentage excess body weight
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Percentage excess body weight reduction
41.7%
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
22.1 to 70.5%
percentage excess body weight reduction
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736105
08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with median percentage excess body weight reduction of 41.7 (IQR 22.1 to 70.5)% after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to lower excess body weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreasePercentage excess body weight
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Percentage excess body weight reduction
41.7%
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
22.1 to 70.5%
percentage excess body weight reduction
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736106
09HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with loss of a median 99.3 (IQR 61.0 to 135.4)% of the weight regained after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to loss of regained weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWeight regained
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Loss of weight regained
99.3%
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
61 to 135.4%
loss of weight regained
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736107
10HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide was associated with loss of a median 99.3 (IQR 61.0 to 135.4)% of the weight regained after 12 months.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment was linked to loss of regained weight over 12 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWeight regained
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Loss of weight regained
99.3%
median, GLP1-RA treatment
IQR
61 to 135.4%
loss of weight regained
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment, a total body weight, BMI, and percentage excess body weight reduction of 10.5 (6.1, 14.7) kg, 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) kg/m², and 41.7 (22.1, 70.5)% were observed, corresponding to a loss of 99.3 (61.0, 135.4)% of the weight regained (P-value < 0.0001).
5 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736108
11HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide had mild and transient adverse events.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment had mild, temporary side effects.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableAdverse events
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
Patients with adverse events
13 patients
GLP1-RA treatment
Patients with adverse events
32.5%
GLP1-RA treatment
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events were reported in 13 (32.5%) patients, all of which were mild and transient.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736111
12HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment including liraglutide and semaglutide had mild and transient adverse events.
In plain wordsIn people with weight regain after bariatric surgery, pooled liraglutide/semaglutide treatment had mild, temporary side effects.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
Not applicableAdverse events
Study
n = 40
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
Patients with adverse events
13 patients
GLP1-RA treatment
Patients with adverse events
32.5%
GLP1-RA treatment
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events were reported in 13 (32.5%) patients, all of which were mild and transient.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A single-centre retrospective observational study.
Summary · context
Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined.
Summary · context
Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following a weight regain of 14.7 (10.3, 19.6)%.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4019736112

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 3Current
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.