Newer Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Are Associated With Improved Glycemic Control in US Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Level Time Series Analysis.

Lv L, Wang Y, Xie L, Noone J, Alvarez S, Zhang Y, Song Y, Rotroff DM

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research11 Feb 2025Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID39947393DOI10.1016/j.jval.2025.01.018PepBankPUB-39947393

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

01HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater use of pooled newer GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater use of pooled newer drugs including dulaglutide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
DecreaseAverage HbA1c
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Report a problemFND-3994739301
02HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater use of pooled newer GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater use of pooled newer drugs including semaglutide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAverage HbA1c
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3994739302
03HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater use of pooled newer GLP-1 RAs including tirzepatide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater use of pooled newer drugs including tirzepatide was linked to lower average HbA1c.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseAverage HbA1c
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3994739303
04HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including dulaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including dulaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Report a problemFND-3994739304
05HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including semaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including semaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3994739305
06HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including tirzepatide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including tirzepatide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 7.0%.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3994739306
07HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including dulaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including dulaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 8.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Report a problemFND-3994739307
08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including semaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including semaglutide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 8.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3994739308
09HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, greater pooled newer GLP-1 RA use including tirzepatide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, greater pooled newer drug use including tirzepatide was linked to more patients below HbA1c 8.0%.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c below 8.0%
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Time series regression analyses demonstrated that a higher proportion of patients taking newer GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower average HbA1c and a higher proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% (after 5 months of treatment) and <8.0% (after 2 months of treatment).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3994739309
10HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, glycemic control improved during the newer GLP-1 RA era including dulaglutide, continuing after the COVID-19 declaration.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, population glucose control improved during the newer drug era including dulaglutide, continuing after the COVID-19 declaration.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
IncreasePopulation glycemic control trend
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Results from the interrupted time series analyses demonstrated that population-level glycemic control has been improving since the first newer GLP-1 RA (dulaglutide) was approved. This trend has persisted, even after the COVID-19 emergency declaration.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Report a problemFND-3994739310
11HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, glycemic control improved during the pooled newer GLP-1 RA era including semaglutide.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, population glucose control improved during the pooled newer drug era including semaglutide.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreasePopulation glycemic control trend
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Results from the interrupted time series analyses demonstrated that population-level glycemic control has been improving since the first newer GLP-1 RA (dulaglutide) was approved. This trend has persisted, even after the COVID-19 emergency declaration.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3994739311
12HumanNot a test of Tirzepatide aloneObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In US adults with T2D, glycemic control improved during the pooled newer GLP-1 RA era including tirzepatide.
In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, population glucose control improved during the pooled newer drug era including tirzepatide.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreasePopulation glycemic control trend
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Results from the interrupted time series analyses demonstrated that population-level glycemic control has been improving since the first newer GLP-1 RA (dulaglutide) was approved. This trend has persisted, even after the COVID-19 emergency declaration.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This was a noninterventional, retrospective analysis of administrative insurance claims data obtained from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between January 2004 and December 2022.
Summary · context
Associations between the proportion of patients on newer GLP-1 RAs of interest (dulaglutide, once-weekly or oral semaglutide, and tirzepatide) and average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), HbA1c <7.0%, and HbA1c <8.0% were assessed using time series regressions.
In this study, Tirzepatide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tirzepatide.
Report a problemFND-3994739312

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 4Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:25 UTC
Study results updated
Versions 2 to 3
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.

Newer Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Are Associated With Improved Glycemic Control in US Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Level Time Series Analysis.

Summary

Results from this study12

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords