Pancreatitis Risk Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Considered as a Single Class, in a Comorbidity-Free Subgroup of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Ayoub M, Chela H, Amin N, Hunter R, Anwar J, Tahan V, Daglilar E

Journal of clinical medicine1 Feb 2025Cited by 55 (Europe PMC)

PMID39941615PMCIDPMC11818918DOI10.3390/jcm14030944PepBankPUB-39941615

Summary

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are commonly prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential connection between GLP-1 RAs and the risk of pancreatitis presents a complex and nuanced issue. Although these drugs are effective in improving blood sugar control and cardiovascular health, their association with pancreatitis remains an area of concern. Our study aims to evaluate the association between the use of GLP-1 RAs, considered as a single class, and the risk of pancreatitis in a comorbidity-free subgroup of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States. Methods: Data were retrieved from the TriNetX research database using the US Collaborative Network, which included information from 61 healthcare organizations within the U.S. Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs. Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide. Using a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) model, we matched patients of both cohorts based on baseline demographics, comorbidities (hypertensive disorders, ischemic heart disease, gallstones, annular pancreas, alcohol use disorders, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercalcemia, cystic fibrosis, and cannabis use), medications known to cause drug-related pancreatitis, and laboratory values. Results: Of 969,240 patients with T2DM, 9.7% (93,608) were on GLP-1 RA, and 90.3% (875,632) were not. After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort. The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001). The lifetime risk of developing pancreatitis in patients on GLP-1 RA was lower (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In our comorbidity-free U.S.-based population with T2DM, the use of GLP-1 RAs did not increase their risk of pancreatitis. Their use was associated with a lower lifetime risk of pancreatitis.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study15

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone15

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

01HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 6 months
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 6 months
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 6 months
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04),
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161501
02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 6 months
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 6 months
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 6 months
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04),
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161502
03HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis difference versus nonuse at 6 months.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 6 months
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 6 months
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 6 months
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04),
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161503
04HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 1 year
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 1 year
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 1 year
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161504
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 1 year
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 1 year
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 1 year
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161505
06HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 1 year.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 1 year
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.1%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 1 year
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 1 year
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161506
07HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 3 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 3 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161507
08HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 3 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 3 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161508
09HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 3 years.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 3 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.2%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 3 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161509
10HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including dulaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 5 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 5 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.4%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 5 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161510
11HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 5 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 5 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.4%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 5 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161511
12HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including semaglutide showed no reported significant pancreatitis increase versus nonuse at 5 years.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePancreatitis at 5 years
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
GLP-1 RA cohort, 5 years
Pancreatitis risk
0.4%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, 5 years
Source sentences
Summary
The risk of pancreatitis between the two groups was not statistically different between the two cohorts at 6 months at (0.1% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.04), and remained without significant increase with time; at 1 year (0.1% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.02), 3 years (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.001), and 5 years (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161512
13HumanNot a test of Dulaglutide (Trulicity) aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including dulaglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including dulaglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
Peptide
Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Outcome
DecreaseLifetime pancreatitis risk
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Pancreatitis risk
0.3%
GLP-1 RA cohort, lifetime
Pancreatitis risk
0.4%
Cohort without GLP-1 RA, lifetime
Source sentences
Summary
The lifetime risk of developing pancreatitis in patients on GLP-1 RA was lower (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Dulaglutide (Trulicity) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Dulaglutide (Trulicity).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161513
14HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including liraglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseLifetime pancreatitis risk
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Lifetime pancreatitis risk
0.3%
patients on GLP-1 RA
Lifetime pancreatitis risk
0.4%
patients not on GLP-1 RA
Source sentences
Summary
The lifetime risk of developing pancreatitis in patients on GLP-1 RA was lower (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161514
15HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneObservational studySafety outcome
In patients with T2DM, pooled GLP-1 RAs including semaglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including semaglutide were linked to lower lifetime pancreatitis risk than nonuse.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseLifetime pancreatitis risk
Study
n = 163,744
Comparator
No GLP-1 RA use
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Lifetime pancreatitis risk
0.3%
patients on GLP-1 RA
Lifetime pancreatitis risk
0.4%
patients not on GLP-1 RA
Source sentences
Summary
The lifetime risk of developing pancreatitis in patients on GLP-1 RA was lower (0.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients diagnosed with T2DM were categorized into two cohorts: one consisting of the patients prescribed with GLP-1 RAs and the other comprising patients who did not receive GLP-1 RAs.
Summary · context
Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Summary · context
After PSM, the sample included 81,872 patients in each cohort.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3994161515

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 5Current
27 Oct 2026, 16:36 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 4
22 Oct 2026, 02:25 UTC
Study results updated
Versions 2 to 3
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Pancreatitis Risk Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Considered as a Single Class, in a Comorbidity-Free Subgroup of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Summary

Results from this study15

Studies that did not test the peptide alone15

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

Keywords