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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2024

12 results

Rational fusion design inspired by cell-penetrating peptide: SS31/S-14 G Humanin hybrid peptide with amplified multimodal efficacy and bio-permeability for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Qian K, Yang P, Li Y, Meng R, Cheng Y, Zhou L, Wu J, Xu S, Bao X, Guo Q, Wang P, Xu M, Sheng D, Zhang Q

Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences24 Jun 2024Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID39253611 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC11382307 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100938 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-39253611
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    The hybrid peptide HNSS (SS31 fused with S-14 G Humanin) showed a 2-fold improvement in brain distribution over HNG.

    In plain wordsA hybrid of SS31 and Humanin reached the brain twice as much as Humanin alone.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBrain distribution of HNSS versus HNG
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    S-14 G Humanin (HNG)
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HNSS demonstrated increased bio-permeability, with a 2-fold improvement in brain distribution over HNG, thanks to its structure mimicking the design of signal peptide-derived cell-penetrating peptides.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

  2. 02AnimalNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In 3xTg-AD transgenic mice, the hybrid peptide HNSS inhibited brain neuron loss.

    In plain wordsIn Alzheimer's model mice, a hybrid of SS31 and Humanin reduced loss of brain nerve cells.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBrain neuron loss
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    3xTg-AD transgenic mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 3× Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment efficiently inhibited brain neuron loss and improved the cognitive performance.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

  3. 03AnimalNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In 3xTg-AD transgenic mice, the hybrid peptide HNSS improved cognitive performance.

    In plain wordsIn Alzheimer's model mice, a hybrid of SS31 and Humanin improved thinking and memory test results.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCognitive performance
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    3xTg-AD transgenic mice
    Outcome group
    Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 3× Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment efficiently inhibited brain neuron loss and improved the cognitive performance.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

  4. 04AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    The hybrid peptide HNSS reached the brain at a 2-fold higher level than S-14 G Humanin (HNG).

    In plain wordsIn animal tests, the hybrid peptide HNSS reached the brain about twice as much as the humanin analog HNG.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseBrain distribution of HNSS versus HNG
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    S-14 G Humanin (HNG)
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Brain distribution improvement
    2 fold
    HNSS versus HNG

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HNSS demonstrated increased bio-permeability, with a 2-fold improvement in brain distribution over HNG, thanks to its structure mimicking the design of signal peptide-derived cell-penetrating peptides.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  5. 05AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In 3x Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment inhibited brain neuron loss.

    In plain wordsIn Alzheimer's model mice, the hybrid peptide HNSS reduced brain neuron loss.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseBrain neuron loss
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    3x Tg-AD transgenic mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 3× Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment efficiently inhibited brain neuron loss and improved the cognitive performance.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  6. 06AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In 3x Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment improved cognitive performance.

    In plain wordsIn Alzheimer's model mice, the hybrid peptide HNSS improved cognitive performance.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseCognitive performance
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    3x Tg-AD transgenic mice
    Outcome group
    Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 3× Tg-AD transgenic mice, HNSS treatment efficiently inhibited brain neuron loss and improved the cognitive performance.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  7. 07LabNot a test of Humanin aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    The hybrid peptide HNSS alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction through mitochondrial targeting, ROS scavenging and p-STAT3 activation.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the hybrid peptide HNSS eased mitochondrial dysfunction.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseMitochondrial dysfunction
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HNSS efficiently alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction through the combined effects of mitochondrial targeting, ROS scavenging and p-STAT3 activation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  8. 08LabNot a test of Humanin aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    The hybrid peptide HNSS reduced neuronal mitochondrial Abeta deposition.

    In plain wordsIn cells, the hybrid peptide HNSS reduced amyloid-beta deposits inside neuron mitochondria.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseNeuronal mitochondrial Abeta deposition
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Meanwhile, HNSS with increased Aβ affinity greatly inhibited Aβ oligomerization/fibrillation, and interrupted Aβ interaction with neuron/microglia by reducing neuronal mitochondrial Aβ deposition and promoting microglial phagocytosis of Aβ.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  9. 09LabNot a test of Humanin aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    The hybrid peptide HNSS promoted microglial phagocytosis of Abeta.

    In plain wordsIn cells, the hybrid peptide HNSS helped microglia clear amyloid-beta.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseMicroglial phagocytosis of Abeta
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Meanwhile, HNSS with increased Aβ affinity greatly inhibited Aβ oligomerization/fibrillation, and interrupted Aβ interaction with neuron/microglia by reducing neuronal mitochondrial Aβ deposition and promoting microglial phagocytosis of Aβ.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  10. 10LabNot a test of Humanin aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement

    The hybrid peptide HNSS, which has increased Abeta affinity, strongly inhibited Abeta oligomerization and fibrillation.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the hybrid peptide HNSS strongly blocked amyloid-beta clumping.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseAbeta oligomerization and fibrillation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Meanwhile, HNSS with increased Aβ affinity greatly inhibited Aβ oligomerization/fibrillation, and interrupted Aβ interaction with neuron/microglia by reducing neuronal mitochondrial Aβ deposition and promoting microglial phagocytosis of Aβ.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.

  11. 11LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneOther designMechanism

    The hybrid peptide HNSS alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction through mitochondrial targeting, ROS scavenging and p-STAT3 activation.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hybrid of SS31 and Humanin reduced mitochondrial damage.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMitochondrial dysfunction
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HNSS efficiently alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction through the combined effects of mitochondrial targeting, ROS scavenging and p-STAT3 activation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

  12. 12LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneOther designMechanism

    The hybrid peptide HNSS inhibited Abeta oligomerization and fibrillation, and promoted microglial phagocytosis of Abeta.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hybrid of SS31 and Humanin reduced clumping of amyloid beta protein.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseAbeta oligomerization and fibrillation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Meanwhile, HNSS with increased Aβ affinity greatly inhibited Aβ oligomerization/fibrillation, and interrupted Aβ interaction with neuron/microglia by reducing neuronal mitochondrial Aβ deposition and promoting microglial phagocytosis of Aβ.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Herein, a hybrid peptide HNSS is generated by merging two therapeutic peptides (SS31 and S-14 G Humanin (HNG)), using a different approach from the classical shuttle-therapeutic peptide conjugate design.

    In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 4 to 18Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC

    The same notice was added 15 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Version 3

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 2

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  4. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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