The efficacy and safety of GLP-1 agonists in PCOS women living with obesity in promoting weight loss and hormonal regulation: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Austregésilo de Athayde De Hollanda Morais B, Martins Prizão V, de Moura de Souza M, Ximenes Mendes B, Rodrigues Defante ML, Cosendey Martins O, Rodrigues AM

Journal of diabetes and its complications20 Aug 2024Cited by 45 (Europe PMC)

PMID39178623DOI10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108834PepBankPUB-39178623

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study14

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone14

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) reduced waist circumference versus placebo (mean difference -5.16 cm).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide reduced waist size more than placebo did.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWaist circumference
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Mean difference in waist circumference
−5.16 cm
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
GLP1-RAs use was associated with a significant reduction in waist circumference (MD: -5.16 cm; 95 % CI: -6.11 to -4.21; p ˂ 0.00001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862301
02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) reduced body mass index versus placebo (mean difference -2.42).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide lowered body mass index more than placebo did.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody mass index
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Mean difference in BMI
−2.42 NA
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
body mass index (BMI) (MD: -2.42; 95 % CI: -3.10 to -1.74; p ˂ 0.00001
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862302
03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) lowered serum triglycerides versus placebo (mean difference -0.20).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide lowered blood triglycerides more than placebo did.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseSerum triglycerides
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Mean difference in triglycerides
−0.2 NA
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
serum triglycerides (MD: -0.20; 95 % CI: -0.30 to -0.11; p ˂ 0.00001
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862303
04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) lowered total testosterone versus placebo (mean difference -1.33).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide lowered total testosterone more than placebo did.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal testosterone
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
Mean difference in total testosterone
−1.33 NA
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
total testosterone levels (MD: -1.33; 95 % CI: -2.55 to -0.12; p = 0.03
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862304
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) did not change total cholesterol significantly versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide did not change total cholesterol compared with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeTotal cholesterol
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Mean difference in total cholesterol
−0.04 NA
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
There was no significant difference in total cholesterol (MD: -0.04; 95 % CI: -0.10 to 0.01; p = 0.15)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862305
06HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 RAs (mostly liraglutide) did not change HOMA-IR significantly versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide did not change insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeHOMA-IR
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Mean difference in HOMA-IR
−0.3 NA
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
HOMA-IR (MD: -0.30; 95 % CI: -0.92 to 0.32; p = 0.35
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862306
07HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced waist circumference versus placebo (mean difference -5.16 cm).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group reduced waist size more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWaist circumference
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
mean difference
−5.16 cm
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
significant reduction in waist circumference (MD: -5.16 cm; 95 % CI: -6.11 to -4.21; p ˂ 0.00001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862308
08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced BMI versus placebo (mean difference -2.42).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered BMI more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody mass index
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
mean difference
−2.42 NR
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
body mass index (BMI) (MD: -2.42; 95 % CI: -3.10 to -1.74; p ˂ 0.00001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862309
09HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced serum triglycerides versus placebo (mean difference -0.20).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered blood triglycerides more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseSerum triglycerides
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
mean difference
−0.2 NR
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
serum triglycerides (MD: -0.20; 95 % CI: -0.30 to -0.11; p ˂ 0.00001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862310
10HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced total testosterone versus placebo (mean difference -1.33).
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered testosterone more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal testosterone
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
mean difference
−1.33 NR
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
total testosterone levels (MD: -1.33; 95 % CI: -2.55 to -0.12; p = 0.03)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862311
11HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists did not significantly change total cholesterol versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group did not change total cholesterol compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeTotal cholesterol
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
mean difference
−0.04 NR
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
There was no significant difference in total cholesterol (MD: -0.04; 95 % CI: -0.10 to 0.01; p = 0.15) and HOMA-IR (MD: -0.30; 95 % CI: -0.92 to 0.32; p = 0.35) levels.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862312
12HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists did not significantly change HOMA-IR versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, GLP-1 drugs as a group did not change insulin resistance scores compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeHOMA-IR
Study
n = 176
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
mean difference
−0.3 NR
GLP-1 RAs vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
There was no significant difference in total cholesterol (MD: -0.04; 95 % CI: -0.10 to 0.01; p = 0.15) and HOMA-IR (MD: -0.30; 95 % CI: -0.92 to 0.32; p = 0.35) levels.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862313
13HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, 49 of 112 patients with adverse event data had light side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain on pooled GLP-1 RAs.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, 49 of 112 patients on GLP-1 drugs had light side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableAdverse events (light side effects)
Study
n = 112
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
Patients with light side effects
49 patients
of 112 with adverse event data
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events information was available for 112 patients, where 49 had light side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862307
14HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In women with PCOS and obesity, 49 of 112 patients on pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists had light side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain.
In plain wordsIn women with PCOS and obesity, 49 of 112 patients on GLP-1 drugs had mild side effects such as nausea and belly pain.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
Not applicableAdverse events
Study
n = 112
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
patients with light side effects
49 patients
of 112 with adverse event data
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events information was available for 112 patients, where 49 had light side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus and Embase databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing GLP1-RAs versus placebo among women diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam Criteria.
Summary · context
We included 176 participants from four RCTs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide were used in 23 (13 %) and 103 (58 %) participants, respectively.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3917862314

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Versions 3 to 38Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:04 UTC
The same notice was added 36 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

The efficacy and safety of GLP-1 agonists in PCOS women living with obesity in promoting weight loss and hormonal regulation: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Summary

Results from this study14

Studies that did not test the peptide alone14

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms