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Study · Randomized controlled trial · n = 1,879 · 2024

10 results

Tirzepatide Improved Markers of Islet Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in People With T2D (SURPASS-2).

Frias JP, De Block C, Brown K, Wang H, Thomas MK, Zeytinoglu M, Maldonado JM

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism1 Jun 2024Cited by 21 (Europe PMC)

PMID38252888 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC11180500 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1210/clinem/dgae038 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-38252888
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. 10 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) increased HOMA2-B (beta-cell function) more than semaglutide 1 mg at week 40.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide improved a measure of insulin-making cell function more than semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    IncreaseHOMA2-B change at week 40
    Study

    n = 1,879

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5, 10, 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HOMA2-B increase
    96.9 to 120.4%
    tirzepatide 5, 10, 15 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    At week 40, a greater increase in HOMA2-B was seen with tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) doses (96.9-120.4%) than with semaglutide 1 mg (84.0%) (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide 1 mg increased HOMA2-B by 84.0% at week 40, less than tirzepatide.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide raised a measure of insulin-making cell function, but by less than tirzepatide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseHOMA2-B change at week 40
    Study

    n = 1,879

    Comparator
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HOMA2-B increase
    84%
    semaglutide 1 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    At week 40, a greater increase in HOMA2-B was seen with tirzepatide (5, 10, 15 mg) doses (96.9-120.4%) than with semaglutide 1 mg (84.0%) (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, all tirzepatide doses reduced HOMA2-IR (insulin resistance) more than semaglutide 1 mg.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide reduced insulin resistance more than semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHOMA2-IR change at week 40
    Study

    n = 1,879

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5, 10, 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HOMA2-IR reduction
    15.5 to 24%
    tirzepatide, all doses

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was a greater reduction in HOMA2-IR with all doses of tirzepatide (15.5%-24.0%) than with semaglutide 1 mg (5.1%) (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide 1 mg reduced HOMA2-IR by 5.1%, less than tirzepatide.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced insulin resistance, but by less than tirzepatide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHOMA2-IR change at week 40
    Study

    n = 1,879

    Comparator
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HOMA2-IR reduction
    5.1%
    semaglutide 1 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There was a greater reduction in HOMA2-IR with all doses of tirzepatide (15.5%-24.0%) than with semaglutide 1 mg (5.1%) (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg reduced fasting C-peptide, whereas semaglutide 1 mg increased it.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered fasting C-peptide while semaglutide raised it.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseFasting C-peptide change at week 40
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    10 and 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Fasting C-peptide reduction
    5.2 to 6%
    tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg resulted in a significant reduction in both fasting C-peptide (5.2%-6.0%) and fasting glucagon (53.0%-55.3%) compared with an increase of C-peptide (3.3%) and a reduction of glucagon (47.7%) with semaglutide 1 mg (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg reduced fasting glucagon (53.0-55.3%) compared with a 47.7% reduction with semaglutide 1 mg.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered fasting glucagon, compared with a smaller fall with semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseFasting glucagon change at week 40
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    10 and 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Fasting glucagon reduction
    53 to 55.3%
    tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg resulted in a significant reduction in both fasting C-peptide (5.2%-6.0%) and fasting glucagon (53.0%-55.3%) compared with an increase of C-peptide (3.3%) and a reduction of glucagon (47.7%) with semaglutide 1 mg (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  7. 07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide 1 mg increased fasting C-peptide by 3.3%, whereas tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg reduced it.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide raised fasting C-peptide slightly, while tirzepatide lowered it.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseFasting C-peptide change at week 40
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Fasting C-peptide increase
    3.3%
    semaglutide 1 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg resulted in a significant reduction in both fasting C-peptide (5.2%-6.0%) and fasting glucagon (53.0%-55.3%) compared with an increase of C-peptide (3.3%) and a reduction of glucagon (47.7%) with semaglutide 1 mg (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  8. 08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide 1 mg reduced fasting glucagon by 47.7%, a smaller reduction than with tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered fasting glucagon, but by less than tirzepatide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseFasting glucagon change at week 40
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Fasting glucagon reduction
    47.7%
    semaglutide 1 mg

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg resulted in a significant reduction in both fasting C-peptide (5.2%-6.0%) and fasting glucagon (53.0%-55.3%) compared with an increase of C-peptide (3.3%) and a reduction of glucagon (47.7%) with semaglutide 1 mg (P < .05).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  9. 09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c reductions were greater with all tirzepatide doses than with semaglutide within each baseline HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR quartile.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered HbA1c more than semaglutide whatever the starting insulin function.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c reduction within HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR baseline quartiles
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5, 10, 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HbA1c and body weight reductions were greater with all tirzepatide doses than semaglutide within each HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR baseline quartile.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.
  10. 10HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, body weight reductions were greater with all tirzepatide doses than with semaglutide within each baseline HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR quartile.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide reduced weight more than semaglutide whatever the starting insulin function.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight reduction within HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR baseline quartiles
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide 1 mg
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5, 10, 15 mg · subcutaneous · 40 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HbA1c and body weight reductions were greater with all tirzepatide doses than semaglutide within each HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR baseline quartile.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Post hoc analysis of SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial (participants randomly assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide or semaglutide for 40 weeks).
    Summary · context
    A total of 1879 participants with type 2 diabetes.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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