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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2019

10 results

Asian Subpopulations May Exhibit Greater Cardiovascular Benefit from Long-Acting Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Meta-Analysis of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials.

Kang YM, Cho YK, Lee J, Lee SE, Lee WJ, Park JY, Kim YJ, Jung CH, Nauck MA

Diabetes & metabolism journal27 Dec 2018Cited by 30 (Europe PMC)

PMID30604598 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC6712219 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.4093/dmj.2018.0070 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-30604598
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone10

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

  1. 01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide (LEADER) significantly reduced overall major adverse cardiovascular events.

    In plain wordsIn high-risk adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, lowered the risk of major heart and stroke events.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseMajor adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Overall, statistically significant risk reductions in MACE and CV death were observed.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  2. 02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide (LEADER) significantly reduced overall cardiovascular death.

    In plain wordsIn high-risk adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, lowered the risk of death from heart and blood vessel causes.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseCardiovascular death
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Overall, statistically significant risk reductions in MACE and CV death were observed.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  3. 03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In subjects of African origin, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with reduced MACE risk (RR 0.78).

    In plain wordsIn people of African origin, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, were linked to a lower risk of major heart and stroke events.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseMACE in subjects of African origin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Measurements

    Relative risk
    0.78 ratio
    African origin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    more substantial risk reductions were observed in subjects of African origin (relative risk [RR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.99)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  4. 04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In Asian subjects, the risk reduction with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide (RR 0.35) had a confidence interval that included 1.

    In plain wordsIn Asian people, the risk reduction with long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, was large but not statistically certain on its own.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeMACE in Asian subjects
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Measurements

    Relative risk
    0.35 ratio
    Asians

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and in Asians (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.09 to 1.32)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  5. 05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a post hoc analysis, Asian subjects had significantly greater cardiovascular benefit from long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide than white subjects.

    In plain wordsIn a post hoc analysis, Asian people gained more heart protection from long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, than white people.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseCardiovascular benefit in Asian versus white subjects
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    White subjects
    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, post hoc analysis (Bonferroni method) revealed that only Asians exhibited a significantly greater CV benefit from treatment, compared with white subjects (P<0.0001).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  6. 06HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide (SUSTAIN-6) significantly reduced overall major adverse cardiovascular events.

    In plain wordsIn high-risk adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including semaglutide, lowered the risk of major heart and stroke events.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseMajor adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Overall, statistically significant risk reductions in MACE and CV death were observed.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  7. 07HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide (SUSTAIN-6) significantly reduced overall cardiovascular death.

    In plain wordsIn high-risk adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including semaglutide, lowered the risk of death from heart and blood vessel causes.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseCardiovascular death
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Overall, statistically significant risk reductions in MACE and CV death were observed.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  8. 08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In subjects of African origin, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide were associated with reduced MACE risk (RR 0.78).

    In plain wordsIn people of African origin, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including semaglutide, were linked to a lower risk of major heart and stroke events.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseMACE in subjects of African origin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Measurements

    Relative risk
    0.78 ratio
    African origin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    more substantial risk reductions were observed in subjects of African origin (relative risk [RR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.99)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  9. 09HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In Asian subjects, the risk reduction with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide (RR 0.35) had a confidence interval that included 1.

    In plain wordsIn Asian people, the risk reduction with long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including semaglutide, was large but not statistically certain on its own.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeMACE in Asian subjects
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Measurements

    Relative risk
    0.35 ratio
    Asians

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and in Asians (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.09 to 1.32)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

  10. 10HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a post hoc analysis, Asian subjects had significantly greater cardiovascular benefit from long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide than white subjects.

    In plain wordsIn a post hoc analysis, Asian people gained more heart protection from long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including semaglutide, than white people.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseCardiovascular benefit in Asian versus white subjects
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    White subjects
    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, post hoc analysis (Bonferroni method) revealed that only Asians exhibited a significantly greater CV benefit from treatment, compared with white subjects (P<0.0001).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three CVOTs reporting effects of long-acting GLP-1 RAs were included: LEADER (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and EXSCEL (exenatide once weekly).

    In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase not statedNCT07043361

Efficacy of Semaglutide in Glycemic Control, Weight Loss, and Improving Lipidogram- Role of Baseline Vitamin D Levels

Hillel Yaffe Medical Centern = 5,30018 Dec 2023 to 30 Apr 2025

Metabolic Disease

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 9 Jul 2025

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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