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Study · Non-randomized trial · n = 28 · 2019

7 results

The Pulsatile Gonadorelin Pump Induces Earlier Spermatogenesis Than Cyclical Gonadotropin Therapy in Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Men.

Zhang L, Cai K, Wang Y, Ji W, Cheng Z, Chen G, Liao Z

American journal of men's health20 Dec 2018Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID30569789 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC6775549 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1177/1557988318818280 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-30569789
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

  1. 01HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In azoospermic men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a pulsatile gonadorelin pump produced spermatogenesis earlier than cyclical gonadotropin therapy (median 6 versus 14 months).

    In plain wordsIn men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a gonadorelin pump led to sperm production sooner than cyclical gonadotropin therapy (median 6 versus 14 months).

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    DecreaseTime to first spermatogenesis
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Cyclical gonadotropin therapy (HCG/HMG)
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · pulsatile pump · 24 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Median time to spermatogenesis
    6 months
    pulsatile gonadorelin pump
    Median time to spermatogenesis
    14 months
    cyclical gonadotropin therapy

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Spermatogenesis time was significant earlier in the PGP group than the CGT group (median of 6 and 14 months, respectively, χ2 = 6.711, p = .01).
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was the earliest time spermatogenesis occurred during 24 months of treatment.
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.
  2. 02HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    Spermatogenesis occurred in 90% of men on the gonadorelin pump and 83.3% on cyclical gonadotropin therapy, with no significant difference.

    In plain wordsAbout as many men made sperm with the gonadorelin pump as with cyclical gonadotropin therapy; the difference was not significant.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    No significant changeProportion of men with spermatogenesis
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Cyclical gonadotropin therapy (HCG/HMG)
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · pulsatile pump · 24 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Spermatogenesis rate
    90%
    pulsatile gonadorelin pump
    Spermatogenesis rate
    83.3%
    cyclical gonadotropin therapy

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Spermatogenesis occurred in 90% of the PGP group and 83.3% of the CGT group and showed statistically insignificant difference in the superiority analysis and the no-inferior test.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.
  3. 03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    The increase in testis volume did not differ significantly between the gonadorelin pump and cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    In plain wordsTestis volume gains with the gonadorelin pump were not significantly different from those with cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    No significant changeTestis volume, pump versus cyclical therapy
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Cyclical gonadotropin therapy (HCG/HMG)
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · pulsatile pump · 24 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the differences between the two therapies were not significant.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.
  4. 04HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    The increase in penile length did not differ significantly between the gonadorelin pump and cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    In plain wordsPenile length gains with the gonadorelin pump were not significantly different from those with cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    No significant changePenile length, pump versus cyclical therapy
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Cyclical gonadotropin therapy (HCG/HMG)
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · pulsatile pump · 24 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the differences between the two therapies were not significant.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.
  5. 05HumanNon-randomized trialSafety outcome

    In men treated with the pulsatile gonadorelin pump, skin allergic erythema scleroma was a common side effect.

    In plain wordsIn men using the gonadorelin pump, a skin allergic reaction was a common side effect.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    Not applicableSkin allergic erythema scleroma
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Skin and wound
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · pulsatile pump · 24 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Skin allergic erythema scleroma was a common side effect of the PGP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH).

  1. 06HumanNot a test of Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, testis volume increased significantly from baseline on pulsatile gonadorelin pump or cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    In plain wordsIn men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, testis volume grew from baseline with the gonadorelin pump or with cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTestis volume change from baseline
    Study

    n = 28

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    testis volume and penile length increased significantly from baseline
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.

    In this study, Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH).

  2. 07HumanNot a test of Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, penile length increased significantly from baseline on pulsatile gonadorelin pump or cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    In plain wordsIn men with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, penile length grew from baseline with the gonadorelin pump or with cyclical gonadotropin therapy.

    Peptide
    Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH)
    Outcome
    IncreasePenile length change from baseline
    Study

    n = 28

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    penile length increased significantly from baseline
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Twenty-eight azoospermic CHH males were included in this nonrandomized study.
    Summary · context
    Ten received PGP and 18 received CGT.

    In this study, Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Gonadorelin (GnRH, LHRH).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 3 to 4Current

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  2. Version 2

    13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC

    Study results updated

  3. Version 1

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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