A high-throughput LC-MS/MS screen for GHRP in equine and human urine, featuring peptide derivatization for improved chromatography.

Timms M, Hall N, Levina V, Vine J, Steel R

Drug testing and analysis24 Feb 2014Cited by 35 (Europe PMC)

PMID24574167DOI10.1002/dta.1624PepBankPUB-24574167

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

01AnimalNot a test of Ipamorelin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In rats given GHRPs intravenously, the LC-MS/MS method detected ipamorelin or its metabolites in urine.
In plain wordsIn rats, a lab test found ipamorelin or its breakdown products in urine after injection.
Peptide
Ipamorelin
Outcome
Not applicableDetection in rat urine after intravenous administration
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
As proof of principle, all eight GHRPs or their metabolites could be detected in urine collected from rats after intravenous administration.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To regulate the use of these peptides within the horse racing industry and by human athletes, a method is presented for the extraction, derivatization, and detection of GHRPs from equine and human urine.
In this study, Ipamorelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Ipamorelin.
Report a problemFND-2457416701
02AnimalNot a test of GHRP-6 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics
In rats given the peptides intravenously, the LC-MS/MS method detected all eight GHRPs, GHRP‑6 included, or their metabolites in urine.
In plain wordsIn rats, a lab test method found all eight growth hormone releasing peptides, GHRP‑6 included, or their breakdown products in urine.
Peptide
GHRP-6
Outcome
Not applicableDetection in rat urine after intravenous dosing
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
As proof of principle, all eight GHRPs or their metabolites could be detected in urine collected from rats after intravenous administration.
In this study, GHRP-6 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking GHRP-6.
Report a problemFND-2457416702
03LabNot a test of GHRP-2 aloneOther designOther
The LC-MS/MS screen for GHRPs, including GHRP‑2, was validated for linearity, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, limits of detection, limits of confirmation, ion suppression and stability.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine screening method that covers GHRP‑2 was checked for accuracy and reliability.
Peptide
GHRP-2
Outcome
Not applicableValidation of LC-MS/MS urine screen
Study
n: not reported in source
LC-MS/MS urine screen with derivatization
Outcome group
Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The method was validated with respect to linearity, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, limits of detection, limits of confirmation, ion suppression, and stability.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) hexarelin, ipamorelin, alexamorelin, GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, and GHRP-6 are all synthetic met-enkephalin analogues that include unnatural D-amino acids.
In this study, GHRP-2 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking GHRP-2.
Report a problemFND-2457416703
04LabNot a test of Hexarelin aloneOther designOther
The LC-MS/MS screen for GHRPs, including hexarelin, was validated for linearity, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, limits of detection, limits of confirmation, ion suppression and stability.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine screening method that covers hexarelin was checked for accuracy and reliability.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
Not applicableValidation of LC-MS/MS urine screen
Study
n: not reported in source
LC-MS/MS urine screen with derivatization
Outcome group
Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The method was validated with respect to linearity, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, limits of detection, limits of confirmation, ion suppression, and stability.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) hexarelin, ipamorelin, alexamorelin, GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, and GHRP-6 are all synthetic met-enkephalin analogues that include unnatural D-amino acids.
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-2457416704
05LabNot a test of GHRP-2 aloneOther designOther
All eight GHRPs, including GHRP‑2, or their metabolites could be detected by the method in urine from rats after intravenous administration.
In plain wordsIn rats given the peptides into a vein, the screen detected GHRP‑2 or its breakdown products in urine.
Peptide
GHRP-2
Outcome
Not applicableDetection in rat urine after intravenous dosing
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat urine after intravenous administration
Outcome group
Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
As proof of principle, all eight GHRPs or their metabolites could be detected in urine collected from rats after intravenous administration.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) hexarelin, ipamorelin, alexamorelin, GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, and GHRP-6 are all synthetic met-enkephalin analogues that include unnatural D-amino acids.
In this study, GHRP-2 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking GHRP-2.
Report a problemFND-2457416705
06LabNot a test of Hexarelin aloneOther designOther
All eight GHRPs, including hexarelin, or their metabolites could be detected by the method in urine from rats after intravenous administration.
In plain wordsIn rats given the peptides into a vein, the screen detected hexarelin or its breakdown products in urine.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
Not applicableDetection in rat urine after intravenous dosing
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat urine after intravenous administration
Outcome group
Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
As proof of principle, all eight GHRPs or their metabolites could be detected in urine collected from rats after intravenous administration.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) hexarelin, ipamorelin, alexamorelin, GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, and GHRP-6 are all synthetic met-enkephalin analogues that include unnatural D-amino acids.
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-2457416706

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Versions 23 to 46Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC
The same notice was added 24 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 21:43 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Versions 21 to 22
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Versions 3 to 20
13 Oct 2026, 14:22 UTC
The same notice was added 18 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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