In PepBank now:147 peptides, 6 blends and 13 other compounds97,577 study results from 17,383 studies8,473 clinical trialsUpdated
Comparing 2 records · Data version 308560
Swipe sideways to see every peptide.
| Peptide | Synthetic analog Liraglutide | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | |||
| Kind | Small molecule | Synthetic analog | |
| Area | Weight and metabolic | Weight and metabolic | |
| Evidence | |||
| Amount of evidence | 90 | 4,766 | |
| Evidence level | Has results from studies in people | Has results from studies in people | |
| Safety | |||
| Safety results | 15 (10 in people) | 805 (793 in people) | |
| Status | |||
| Approval | |||
| Sport (WADA) | |||
| Registered trials | 14 | 469 · 30 active49 more mention it but do not test it | |
Shared outcomes
From the regulatory data of each peptide.
Its most advanced trial is in phase 3. The FDA, the EMA and the other sources we use show no approval (as of 22 Oct 2026).
Outcome groups with study results for at least two of these peptides. Counts include only results from studies that gave the peptide. Bar length is the number of results, on one scale. The bars show how much was studied, not how large an effect was. A peptide with more studies can look stronger here without being stronger. For results, see the randomized results above.
| Outcome group | Tesofensine | Liraglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weight | 11 | 1,1171067491 |
| Body weight |
PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.
The EMA label for Victoza says: “Adults, adolescents and children 10 years and older with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes, as an adjunct to diet and exercise”
17512 |
83481717 |
| Adverse eventsWhole body | 963 | 50449311 |
|---|
| Heart functionCardiovascular | 11 | 214198142 |
|---|
| Gastrointestinal adverse eventsGastrointestinal | 22 | 185185 |
|---|
| LipidsMetabolic and weight | 11 | 14313733 |
|---|
| Blood pressureCardiovascular | 11 | 1201182 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weight | 19712 | 1129517 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacology | 11 | 969231 |
|---|
| Receptor activity and mechanismNervous system and cognition | 13112 | 8250626 |
|---|
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognition | 99 | 26242 |
|---|
| NeuroprotectionNervous system and cognition | 88 | 561145 |
|---|
Each analog against its native parent, residue by residue. Substitutions, non-standard residues and modifications are marked. Calculated from the two sequences.
Liraglutide differs from Glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-37) at 1 position and carries 1 added group.
What is different
Registered trials, ranked by phase (late phases first), then posted results and enrollment. Status is the registry status. Study results come from published studies. Results posted at ClinicalTrials.gov are shown on each trial page.
Top 3 of 14 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Saniona60 participantsApr 2016 to Mar 2017
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Saniona21 participants25 Feb 2019 to 16 Oct 2020
Hypothalamic Injury-induced Obesity (HIO)
Saniona18 participants30 Mar 2017 to 22 Jul 2019
Confirmed Genetic Diagnosis of Prader-Willi Syndrome
Top 3 of 469 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Novo Nordisk A/S9,341 participants31 Aug 2010 to 17 Dec 2015
Diabetes · Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
GRADE Study Group7,850 participantsMay 2013 to 30 Apr 2021
Type 2 Diabetes · Comparative Effectiveness of Glycemia-lowering Medications
Novo Nordisk A/S3,731 participants1 Jun 2011 to 2 Mar 2015
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorder · Obesity
49 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.
For each outcome that two or more peptides have results for: the best result of a single randomized trial, on the same measure (the same kind of number, the same unit). When a trial has several dose arms, the cell shows the highest dose arm. The trials differ in people, length and dose, so a gap between two cells is not proof that one peptide works better.
| Outcome | Tesofensine | Liraglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Body weightMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in kg | −1.8 kg Additional weight loss · Shown as a change. The study reports a additional weight loss of this size. Dose studied: 2.0 mg daily for 7 days, then 1.0 mg daily for 7 days2 weeksn = 322010 | 7.1 kg between-group difference Dose studied: Self-titrated by participants12 monthsn = 482025 |
−1.8 kg
Additional weight loss · Shown as a change. The study reports a additional weight loss of this size.
Dose studied: 2.0 mg daily for 7 days, then 1.0 mg daily for 7 days2 weeksn = 322010
7.1 kg
between-group difference
Dose studied: Self-titrated by participants12 monthsn = 482025
The other peptides have no randomized result on the same measure, so these results cannot be set side by side.
| Outcome | Tesofensine | Liraglutide |
|---|---|---|
| SleepSleepCompared as: difference from placebo, in events h(-1) | No comparable result 1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit. | −6.1 events h(-1) Estimated treatment difference Dose studied: 3.0 mg32 weeksn = 3592016 |
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in meals/day | No comparable result 6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −1 meals/day Meal replacements per day difference Dose studied: 1.2 mg per dayn = 522015 |
|---|
| Energy expenditure and thermogenesisMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in g | 18 g Fat oxidation increase Dose studied: 2.0 mg daily for 7 days, then 1.0 mg daily for 7 days2 weeksn = 322010 | No comparable result 1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit. |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacologyCompared as: difference from placebo, in minutes | No comparable result 1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit. | 15 minutes tmax delay Dose studied: 1.8 mgn = 182011 |
|---|
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognitionCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | No comparable result 9 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 1% Relative muscle strength change Placebo: −7.8% Dose studied: 3 mg once-daily52 weeksn not reported2026 |
|---|
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. | −1.09% HbA1c difference Dose studied: 1.8 mg once daily26 weeksn = 3442009 |
|---|
| LipidsCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in lipids | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. | 21 lipids Lipids decreased 26 weeksn = 1022021 |
|---|
| Heart functionCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. | 4.7% Difference in LVEF change Dose studied: 0.6 mg for 2 days, 1.2 mg for 2 days, then 1.8 mg for 3 days7 daysn = 902016 |
|---|
| NeuroprotectionEyeCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in μm | No randomized trial result 8 results from other study designs. | −1 μm ΔMean RNFL thickness Placebo: −1 μm 26 weeksn = 372022 |
|---|
| Receptor activity and mechanismCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in proteins | No randomized trial result 13 results from other study designs. | 124 proteins Proteins modulated Dose studied: 3 mg daily5 weeksn = 202026 |
|---|
| Adverse eventsGastrointestinalCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 28% Serum lipase increase n = 9,3402017 |
|---|
No comparable result
1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit.
−6.1 events h(-1)
Estimated treatment difference
Dose studied: 3.0 mg32 weeksn = 3592016
No comparable result
6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−1 meals/day
Meal replacements per day difference
Dose studied: 1.2 mg per dayn = 522015
18 g
Fat oxidation increase
Dose studied: 2.0 mg daily for 7 days, then 1.0 mg daily for 7 days2 weeksn = 322010
No comparable result
1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit.
No comparable result
1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit.
15 minutes
tmax delay
Dose studied: 1.8 mgn = 182011
No comparable result
9 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
1%
Relative muscle strength change
Placebo: −7.8%
Dose studied: 3 mg once-daily52 weeksn not reported2026
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
−1.09%
HbA1c difference
Dose studied: 1.8 mg once daily26 weeksn = 3442009
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
21 lipids
Lipids decreased
26 weeksn = 1022021
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
4.7%
Difference in LVEF change
Dose studied: 0.6 mg for 2 days, 1.2 mg for 2 days, then 1.8 mg for 3 days7 daysn = 902016
No randomized trial result
8 results from other study designs.
−1 μm
ΔMean RNFL thickness
Placebo: −1 μm
26 weeksn = 372022
No randomized trial result
13 results from other study designs.
124 proteins
Proteins modulated
Dose studied: 3 mg daily5 weeksn = 202026
No comparable result
6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
28%
Serum lipase increase
n = 9,3402017