In PepBank now:147 peptides, 6 blends and 13 other compounds97,577 study results from 17,383 studies8,473 clinical trialsUpdated
Comparing 2 peptides · Data version 308560
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| Peptide | Synthetic analog Retatrutide | Synthetic analog Semaglutide | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | |||
| Kind | Synthetic analog | Synthetic analog | |
| Area | Weight and metabolic | Weight and metabolic | |
| Evidence | |||
| Amount of evidence | 380 | 4,624 | |
| Evidence level | Has results from studies in people | Has results from studies in people | |
| Safety | |||
| Safety results | 61 (61 in people) | 1,224 (1,221 in people) | |
| Status | |||
| Approval | |||
| Sport (WADA) | |||
| Registered trials | 34 · 11 active | 663 · 284 active124 more mention it but do not test it | |
Shared outcomes
From the regulatory data of each peptide.
Its most advanced trial is in phase 3. The FDA, the EMA and the other sources we use show no approval (as of 9 Oct 2026).
Outcome groups with study results for at least two of these peptides. Counts include only results from studies that gave the peptide. Bar length is the number of results, on one scale. The bars show how much was studied, not how large an effect was. A peptide with more studies can look stronger here without being stronger. For results, see the randomized results above.
| Outcome group | Retatrutide | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Body weightMetabolic and weight | 987919 | 96995410 |
PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.
The FDA label for Ozempic says: “Adjunct to diet and exercise for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes; reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease; reduce the risk of sustained eGFR decline…”
| Adverse eventsWhole body | 3838 | 7757723 |
|---|
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weight | 32266 | 66866512 |
|---|
| Gastrointestinal adverse eventsGastrointestinal | 1717 | 345345 |
|---|
| Liver fat and liver functionLiver | 20137 | 17917441 |
|---|
| Kidney functionKidney and urinary | 1495 | 1361351 |
|---|
| LipidsMetabolic and weight | 271611 | 1181171 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weight | 19136 | 97952 |
|---|
| MortalityWhole body | 66 | 1041031 |
|---|
| Blood pressureCardiovascular | 44 | 9999 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacology | 66 | 93894 |
|---|
| Exercise and physical functionWhole body | 55 | 6969 |
|---|
Each analog against its native parent, residue by residue. Substitutions, non-standard residues and modifications are marked. Calculated from the two sequences.
Retatrutide differs from Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) at 15 positions and in 1 end segment.
What is different
Semaglutide differs from Glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-37) at 2 positions and carries 1 added group.
What is different
For each outcome that two or more peptides have results for: the best result of a single randomized trial, on the same measure (the same kind of number, the same unit). When a trial has several dose arms, the cell shows the highest dose arm. The trials differ in people, length and dose, so a gap between two cells is not proof that one peptide works better.
| Outcome | Retatrutide | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | −1.69% HbA1c change · retatrutide 4 mg Dose studied: 4 mg once weekly40 weeksn not reported2026 | 1.5 to 1.9% HbA1c change · semaglutide 1.0 mg, non-elderly Dose studied: 0.5 or 1.0 mg once weeklyn = 3,0452018 |
| Body weightMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | −23.7% Percent change in body weight · retatrutide 9 mg Placebo: −3.9% Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn not reported2026 | −14.9% Mean weight change Placebo: −2.4% |
| PainNervous system and cognitionCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in points | −3.5 points WOMAC pain score change · retatrutide 9 mg, hybrid estimand Placebo, hybrid estimand: −1.9 points Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn = 5742026 | −41.7 points |
| Gastrointestinal adverse eventsGastrointestinalCompared as: share of people in the arm that got the peptide, in % | 14% Participants with nausea · retatrutide 4 mg Placebo: 8% Dose studied: 4 mgn = 5792026 | 43.9% |
| Adverse eventsWhole bodyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | 63% Treatment-emergent adverse events · LY3437943 Placebo: 54% Dose studied: 0.5 mg, 1.5 mg, 3 mg, 3/6 mg and 3/6/9/12 mg once weekly12 weeksn = 722022 |
−1.69%
HbA1c change · retatrutide 4 mg
Dose studied: 4 mg once weekly40 weeksn not reported2026
1.5 to 1.9%
HbA1c change · semaglutide 1.0 mg, non-elderly
Dose studied: 0.5 or 1.0 mg once weeklyn = 3,0452018
The other peptides have no randomized result on the same measure, so these results cannot be set side by side.
| Outcome | Retatrutide | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammation markersImmune and inflammationCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 4 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −18.08% hsCRP change at 13 weeks Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026 |
WOMAC pain change
Placebo: −27.5 points
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 4072024
Nausea incidence · semaglutide 2.4 mg
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 3,3792022
86.2% Adverse events · semaglutide 0.5 mg Dose studied: 0.5 mg56 weeksn = 6012018 |
−23.7%
Percent change in body weight · retatrutide 9 mg
Placebo: −3.9%
Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn not reported2026
−14.9%
Mean weight change
Placebo: −2.4%
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 1,9612021
−3.5 points
WOMAC pain score change · retatrutide 9 mg, hybrid estimand
Placebo, hybrid estimand: −1.9 points
Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn = 5742026
−41.7 points
WOMAC pain change
Placebo: −27.5 points
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 4072024
14%
Participants with nausea · retatrutide 4 mg
Placebo: 8%
Dose studied: 4 mgn = 5792026
43.9%
Nausea incidence · semaglutide 2.4 mg
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 3,3792022
63%
Treatment-emergent adverse events · LY3437943
Placebo: 54%
Dose studied: 0.5 mg, 1.5 mg, 3 mg, 3/6 mg and 3/6/9/12 mg once weekly12 weeksn = 722022
86.2%
Adverse events · semaglutide 0.5 mg
Dose studied: 0.5 mg56 weeksn = 6012018
| LipidsCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 11 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −7% Total cholesterol change at 13 weeks Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026 |
|---|
| Liver fat and liver functionLiverCompared as: difference from placebo, in percentage points | No comparable result 12 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 28.7 percentage points Estimated difference Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly72 weeks (interim analysis; planned 240 weeks)n = 8002025 |
|---|
| SleepSleepCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in events/hour | −34.3 events/hour Apnea-hypopnea index change · retatrutide 9 mg, hybrid estimand Placebo, hybrid estimand: −9.9 events/hour Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn = 2432026 | No comparable result 1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit. |
|---|
| Kidney functionKidney and urinaryCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 8 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −52.1% UACR change Dose studied: 2.4 mg per week24 weeksn = 1012025 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 10 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 8% Paracetamol AUC0-5h increase Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly (dose-escalated)20 weeksn = 722021 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in h·nmol/l | No comparable result 2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 233 h·nmol/L AUC0-24h,sema,SS · 3 mg oral semaglutide Dose studied: 3 mg12 weeksn = 322024 |
|---|
No comparable result
4 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−18.08%
hsCRP change at 13 weeks
Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026
No comparable result
11 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−7%
Total cholesterol change at 13 weeks
Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026
No comparable result
12 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
28.7 percentage points
Estimated difference
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly72 weeks (interim analysis; planned 240 weeks)n = 8002025
−34.3 events/hour
Apnea-hypopnea index change · retatrutide 9 mg, hybrid estimand
Placebo, hybrid estimand: −9.9 events/hour
Dose studied: 9 mg80 weeksn = 2432026
No comparable result
1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit.
No comparable result
8 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−52.1%
UACR change
Dose studied: 2.4 mg per week24 weeksn = 1012025
No comparable result
10 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
8%
Paracetamol AUC0-5h increase
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly (dose-escalated)20 weeksn = 722021
No comparable result
2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
233 h·nmol/L
AUC0-24h,sema,SS · 3 mg oral semaglutide
Dose studied: 3 mg12 weeksn = 322024
Registered trials, ranked by phase (late phases first), then posted results and enrollment. Status is the registry status. Study results come from published studies. Results posted at ClinicalTrials.gov are shown on each trial page.
Top 3 of 34 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 2 ongoing · 1 completed · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Eli Lilly and Company10,000 participants30 Apr 2024 to est. Feb 2029
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) · Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Eli Lilly and Company4,500 participants15 Oct 2025 to est. Aug 2032
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Eli Lilly and Company2,335 participants10 Jul 2023 to 30 Apr 2026
Obesity · Overweight · Osteoarthritis, Knee · Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Top 3 of 663 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Novo Nordisk A/S17,604 participants24 Oct 2018 to 29 Jun 2023
Overweight · Obesity
Novo Nordisk A/S9,651 participants17 Jun 2019 to 23 Aug 2024
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Novo Nordisk A/S3,533 participants17 Jun 2019 to 9 Jan 2024
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
124 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.