In PepBank now:147 peptides, 6 blends and 13 other compounds97,577 study results from 17,383 studies8,473 clinical trialsUpdated
Comparing 2 peptides · Data version 308560
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| Peptide | Synthetic analog Pramlintide (Symlin) | Synthetic analog Semaglutide | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | |||
| Kind | Synthetic analog | Synthetic analog | |
| Area | Weight and metabolic | Weight and metabolic | |
| Evidence | |||
| Amount of evidence | 595 | 4,624 | |
| Evidence level | Has results from studies in people | Has results from studies in people | |
| Safety | |||
| Safety results | 84 (78 in people) | 1,224 (1,221 in people) | |
| Status | |||
| Approval | |||
| Sport (WADA) | |||
| Registered trials | 59 · 3 active5 more mention it but do not test it | 663 · 284 active124 more mention it but do not test it | |
Shared outcomes
From the regulatory data of each peptide.
The FDA label for Symlin says: “Adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use mealtime insulin”
Outcome groups with study results for at least two of these peptides. Counts include only results from studies that gave the peptide. Bar length is the number of results, on one scale. The bars show how much was studied, not how large an effect was. A peptide with more studies can look stronger here without being stronger. For results, see the randomized results above.
| Outcome group | Pramlintide (Symlin) | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Body weightMetabolic and weight | 53458 | 969954105 |
PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.
The FDA label for Ozempic says: “Adjunct to diet and exercise for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes; reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease; reduce the risk of sustained eGFR decline…”
| Glycemic controlNervous system and cognition | 21220552 | 66866512 |
|---|
| Adverse eventsWhole body | 514821 | 7757723 |
|---|
| Gastrointestinal adverse eventsGastrointestinal | 2525 | 345345 |
|---|
| Cardiovascular eventsCardiovascular | 22 | 2672634 |
|---|
| LipidsNervous system and cognition | 13112 | 1181171 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weight | 462224 | 97952 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacology | 141031 | 93894 |
|---|
| Blood pressureCardiovascular | 11 | 9999 |
|---|
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognition | 22 | 6969 |
|---|
| Quality of lifeWhole body | 77 | 6060 |
|---|
| Anxiety and moodMental health and mood | 431 | 5151 |
|---|
Each analog against its native parent, residue by residue. Substitutions, non-standard residues and modifications are marked. Calculated from the two sequences.
Pramlintide (Symlin) differs from Amylin at 3 positions and carries 1 added group.
What is different
Semaglutide differs from Glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-37) at 2 positions and carries 1 added group.
What is different
Registered trials, ranked by phase (late phases first), then posted results and enrollment. Status is the registry status. Study results come from published studies. Results posted at ClinicalTrials.gov are shown on each trial page.
Top 3 of 59 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
AstraZeneca112 participantsMay 2007 to Apr 2008
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Albert Einstein College of Medicine37 participantsAug 2009 to Dec 2016
Type 1 Diabetes
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center33 participantsNov 2007 to Aug 2011
Schizophrenia · Schizoaffective Disorder · Diabetes · Weight Gain
5 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.
Top 3 of 663 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Novo Nordisk A/S17,604 participants24 Oct 2018 to 29 Jun 2023
Overweight · Obesity
Novo Nordisk A/S9,651 participants17 Jun 2019 to 23 Aug 2024
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Novo Nordisk A/S3,533 participants17 Jun 2019 to 9 Jan 2024
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
124 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.
For each outcome that two or more peptides have results for: the best result of a single randomized trial, on the same measure (the same kind of number, the same unit). When a trial has several dose arms, the cell shows the highest dose arm. The trials differ in people, length and dose, so a gap between two cells is not proof that one peptide works better.
| Outcome | Pramlintide (Symlin) | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | −0.5% HbA1c change Placebo: −0.5% Dose studied: 15 to 60 microg/meal29 weeksn = 2962006 | 1.5 to 1.9% HbA1c change · semaglutide 1.0 mg, non-elderly Dose studied: 0.5 or 1.0 mg once weeklyn = 3,0452018 |
| Body weightMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | −2.1% Weight change · pramlintide, day 44 Placebo, day 44: 0.1% Dose studied: 180 microg before meals6 weeksn = 882007 | |
| LipidsCardiovascularCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mg/dl | −8.4 mg/dl Total cholesterol reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a total cholesterol reduction of this size. · pramlintide 60 micrograms t.i.d. Placebo: −1.2 mg/dl Dose studied: 60 micrograms t.i.d.4 weeksn not reported1998 | |
| Gastrointestinal motilityGastrointestinalCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in min | 268 min Gastric emptying t50% · pramlintide 30 microg t.i.d. (SEM 37) Placebo (SEM 6): 91 min Dose studied: 30 microg t.i.d.5 daysn = 122002 | 171 min Gastric half-emptying time Placebo: 118 min |
| Gastrointestinal adverse eventsGastrointestinalCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | 63% Nausea Placebo: 36% Dose studied: 15 to 60 microg/meal29 weeksn = 2962006 | 42% Nausea · semaglutide 0.4 mg Placebo: 11% |
| Adverse eventsWhole bodyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | 55% Hypoglycemia Dose studied: 120 microg24 weeksn = 1132009 | 0.4% Hypoglycemia Dose studied: 1 mg once weekly40 weeksn not reported2021 |
−0.5%
HbA1c change
Placebo: −0.5%
Dose studied: 15 to 60 microg/meal29 weeksn = 2962006
1.5 to 1.9%
HbA1c change · semaglutide 1.0 mg, non-elderly
Dose studied: 0.5 or 1.0 mg once weeklyn = 3,0452018
The other peptides have no randomized result on the same measure, so these results cannot be set side by side.
| Outcome | Pramlintide (Symlin) | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular eventsCardiovascularCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | No comparable result 2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 6.5% primary end-point event rate Placebo: 8% Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weeklyn = 17,604 |
−14.9%
Mean weight change
Placebo: −2.4%
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 1,9612021
10.81 mg/dL HDL cholesterol change Dose studied: up to 1.0 mg/week30 weeksn = 1542025 |
Dose studied: 1.0 mg once weekly12 weeksn = 202023
Dose studied: 0.4 mg once daily72 weeksn not reported2021
−2.1%
Weight change · pramlintide, day 44
Placebo, day 44: 0.1%
Dose studied: 180 microg before meals6 weeksn = 882007
−14.9%
Mean weight change
Placebo: −2.4%
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 1,9612021
−8.4 mg/dl
Total cholesterol reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a total cholesterol reduction of this size. · pramlintide 60 micrograms t.i.d.
Placebo: −1.2 mg/dl
Dose studied: 60 micrograms t.i.d.4 weeksn not reported1998
10.81 mg/dL
HDL cholesterol change
Dose studied: up to 1.0 mg/week30 weeksn = 1542025
268 min
Gastric emptying t50% · pramlintide 30 microg t.i.d. (SEM 37)
Placebo (SEM 6): 91 min
Dose studied: 30 microg t.i.d.5 daysn = 122002
171 min
Gastric half-emptying time
Placebo: 118 min
Dose studied: 1.0 mg once weekly12 weeksn = 202023
63%
Nausea
Placebo: 36%
Dose studied: 15 to 60 microg/meal29 weeksn = 2962006
42%
Nausea · semaglutide 0.4 mg
Placebo: 11%
Dose studied: 0.4 mg once daily72 weeksn not reported2021
55%
Hypoglycemia
Dose studied: 120 microg24 weeksn = 1132009
0.4%
Hypoglycemia
Dose studied: 1 mg once weekly40 weeksn not reported2021
| Blood pressureCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in mm hg | No comparable result 1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit. | −3.84 mm Hg SBP change at 13 weeks Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026 |
|---|
| Inflammation markersImmune and inflammationCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −18.08% hsCRP change at 13 weeks Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026 |
|---|
| PainNervous system and cognitionCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in points | No comparable result 3 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −41.7 points WOMAC pain change Placebo: −27.5 points Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 4072024 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in % | No comparable result 21 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 8% Paracetamol AUC0-5h increase Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly (dose-escalated)20 weeksn = 722021 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in h·nmol/l | No comparable result 4 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 233 h·nmol/L AUC0-24h,sema,SS · 3 mg oral semaglutide Dose studied: 3 mg12 weeksn = 322024 |
|---|
No comparable result
2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
6.5%
primary end-point event rate
Placebo: 8%
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weeklyn = 17,6042023
No comparable result
1 randomized-trial result measure it in another way or another unit.
−3.84 mm Hg
SBP change at 13 weeks
Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026
No comparable result
2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−18.08%
hsCRP change at 13 weeks
Dose studied: maximum 14 mg once dailyn = 9,6502026
No comparable result
3 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−41.7 points
WOMAC pain change
Placebo: −27.5 points
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly68 weeksn = 4072024
No comparable result
21 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
8%
Paracetamol AUC0-5h increase
Dose studied: 2.4 mg once weekly (dose-escalated)20 weeksn = 722021
No comparable result
4 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
233 h·nmol/L
AUC0-24h,sema,SS · 3 mg oral semaglutide
Dose studied: 3 mg12 weeksn = 322024