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Trial · Interventional

CompletedPhase 3Results postedRegistry data

Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Osilodrostat in Cushing's Disease

Short name LINC-4

This trial does not test a peptide that PepBank tracks.

  • Measures ACTH (corticotropin), does not give it. It appears in the eligibility rules.

Overview

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 3
Enrollment
73 participants (actual)
Sponsor
Novartis Pharmaceuticals · Industry
Design
Randomized · Triple masking
Countries
14 countries

United States, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey (Türkiye)

Start
3 Oct 2016
Primary completion
19 Jun 2019
Completion
31 Dec 2020
First posted
3 Mar 2016 (estimated)
Last update posted
1 Nov 2021
Conditions
Cushing's Disease

Timeline

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results

  • Completed
  • Ongoing
  • Not yet recruiting
  • Stopped
  • Estimated dates (est.)
  • Results posted
201620172018201920202021
  1. Ph 3

    LINC-4

    NCT02697734

    3 Oct 2016 to 31 Dec 2020

Registry summary

Text and fields below are the sponsor's entries at ClinicalTrials.gov, shown as posted.

The purpose of this study was to confirm efficacy and safety of osilodrostat for the treatment of patients with Cushing's disease who are candidates for medical therapy.

Interventions

  • osilodrostatDrug
  • osilodrostat PlaceboDrug

Arms2

  • Experimental

    osilodrostat Group

    Participants in this arm were randomized to receive the study drug, osilodrostat followed after Week 12 by open-label osilodrostat at the starting dose (with a second dose titration)

  • Placebo comparator

    osilodrostat Placebo Group

    Participants in this arm were randomized to receive osilodrostat placebo followed after Week 12 by open-label osilodrostat at the starting dose (with a dose titration)

Primary outcomes1

Outcomes the sponsor listed as primary.

  1. Percentage of Randomized Participants With a Complete Response

    Time frame · at Week 12

    Registry description

    A complete responder at week 12 is defined as a participant who had a mean urine free cortisol ≤ upper limit of normal (mUFC ≤ ULN) at Week 12. Participants who had a missing mUFC assessment at Week 12 were counted as non-responders for the primary endpoint.

Secondary outcomes(20)
  1. Percentage of Participants With mUFC ≤ ULN at Week 36

    Time frame · At Week 36

    Registry description

    The complete response rate in both arms combined at Week 36. A complete responder at Week 36 is defined as a participant who had mean urine free cortisol \<= upper limit of normal (mUFC \<= ULN) at Week 36. Participants with missing mUFC at Week 36 were counted as non-responders.

  2. Change From Baseline in mUFC

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 2,5,8,12,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,36,40,48,60,72,84,96

    Registry description

    To assess the change in mean urinary free cortisol (mUFC) from baseline by treatment arm.

  3. Time-to-first Control of mUFC - Number (%) of Participants With mUFC <=ULN

    Time frame · up to 12 weeks

    Registry description

    To assess time-to-first control of mUFC, (in days) from randomization to the first mUFC collection that was ≤ ULN before completion/discontinuation of placebo-controlled period. Participants who did not achieve post-baseline mUFC control were censored at discontinuation or completion of placebo-controlled period, whichever was earlier.

  4. Time-to-first Control of mUFC - Median Time to First Controlled mUFC Response

    Time frame · up to 12 weeks

    Registry description

    To assess time-to-first control of mUFC, (in days) from randomization to the first mUFC collection that was ≤ ULN before completion/discontinuation of placebo-controlled period. Participants who did not achieve post-baseline mUFC control were censored at discontinuation or completion of placebo-controlled period, whichever was earlier. The median time-to-first control and corresponding two-sided 95% Confidence Interval were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methodology of Brookmeyer and Crowley (1982).

  5. Time-to-first Control of mUFC - % Event Probability Estimates

    Time frame · up to 12 weeks

    Registry description

    To assess time-to-first control of mUFC, (in days) from randomization to the first mUFC collection that was ≤ ULN before completion/discontinuation of placebo-controlled period. Participants who did not achieve post-baseline mUFC control were censored at discontinuation or completion of placebo-controlled period, whichever was earlier. % Event probability estimate is the estimated probability that a participant will have an event prior to the specified time point. % Event probability estimates are obtained from the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for all treatment groups; Greenwood formula is used for Confidence Interval (CI) of Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimates.

  6. Time-to-escape During Osilodrostat Treatment From Collection of Normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the First mUFC > 1.3 x ULN - Number (%) of Participants

    Time frame · up to 48 weeks

    Registry description

    To assess time-to-escape from the first collection of normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the first mUFC \> 1.3 x ULN on two consecutive visits on the highest tolerated dose of osilodrostat and not related to a dose interruption or dose reduction due to safety reasons. Escape will not be assessed for participants during the first 26 weeks.

  7. Time-to-escape During Osilodrostat Treatment From Collection of Normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the First mUFC > 1.3 x ULN - Median Time to Escape From Normal mUFC

    Time frame · from week 26 to week 48

    Registry description

    To assess time-to-escape from the first collection of normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the first mUFC \> 1.3 x ULN on two consecutive visits on the highest tolerated dose of osilodrostat and not related to a dose interruption or dose reduction due to safety reasons. Escape will not be assessed for participants during the first 26 weeks. The median time-to-escape and corresponding two-sided 95% Confidence Interval were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methodology of Brookmeyer and Crowley (1982).

  8. Time-to-escape During Osilodrostat Treatment From Collection of Normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the First mUFC > 1.3 x ULN - % Event Probability Estimates

    Time frame · week 26 and week 36

    Registry description

    Escape is defined as the first loss of control of urinary free cortisol (UFC) that meets all of the following criteria: 1. prior normalization of UFC has occurred (median urinary free cortisol (mUFC)≤ upper limit of normal (ULN)); 2. patient reached the highest tolerated dose of osilodrostat; 3. 2 consecutive mUFC (collected at scheduled visits) were above 1.3x ULN; 4. the loss of control of UFC is not related to a dose interruption or dose reduction due to safety reasons; 5. happened beyond Week 26 when the patients have a chance to be treated with doses as high as 30 mg bid. * Event probability estimate is the estimated probability that a participant will have an event prior to the specified time point. * Event probability estimates are obtained from the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for all treatment groups; Greenwood formula is used for CI of KM estimates.

  9. Change From Baseline in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan at the Femoral Neck, Hip and Spinal Cord - QC Corrected

    Time frame · Baseline, week 48

    Registry description

    The change from baseline in bone mineral density at the femoral neck, hip and spinal cord at Week 48 by treatment arm - QC corrected. An increase in bone mineral density is indicative of an improvement.

  10. Change From Baseline in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) T-score by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan at the Femoral Neck, Hip and Spinal Cord - QC Corrected

    Time frame · Baseline, week 48

    Registry description

    The change from baseline in bone mineral density at the femoral neck, hip and spinal cord at Week 48 by treatment arm - QC corrected. An increase in bone mineral density is indicative of an improvement. T-score is the number of standard deviations above or below the mean for a healthy 30-year-old adult of the same sex and ethnicity as the patient. The WHO criteria are: Normal is a T-score of -1.0 or higher"

  11. Patients With a Complete Response (mUFC ≤ ULN) or a Partial Response (mUFC Decrease ≥ 50% From Baseline and >ULN) at Week 12, 36 and 48

    Time frame · baseline, week 12, 36 and 48

    Registry description

    Overall response rate defined as percentage of complete responders (mUFC ≤ ULN) plus partial responders (≥ 50% reduction in mUFC from baseline and \>ULN) at week 12, 36, 48 by treatment arms for all patients.

  12. Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in fasting plasma glucose at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  13. Change in Hemoglobin A1C

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Hemoglobin A1C (%) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  14. Change in Cholesterol

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Cholesterol (mmol/L) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  15. Change in LDL Cholesterol

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  16. Change in HDL Cholesterol

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  17. Change in Triglyceride

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Triglyceride (mmol/L) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  18. Change in Standing Systolic Blood Pressure

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Standing Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  19. Change in Supine Systolic Blood Pressure

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Supine Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

  20. Change in Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure

    Time frame · Baseline, weeks 12, 36, and 48

    Registry description

    Change from baseline in Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) at Week 12, Week 36, and Week 48 by treatment arm

Posted results

Values are shown as posted at ClinicalTrials.gov, with their units. PepBank has not converted, pooled or compared them.

Primary outcome results

Primary outcomeCount of participants· at Week 12

Percentage of Randomized Participants With a Complete Response

GroupValue (Participants)
Osilodrostat Group37
Osilodrostat Placebo Group2
Secondary and other outcome results(7)
Secondary outcomeNumber· At Week 36

Percentage of Participants With mUFC ≤ ULN at Week 36

GroupValue (Percentage of participants)
All Participants Combined80.8
Secondary outcomeMean· Baseline, weeks 2,5,8,12,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,36,40,48,60,72,84,96

Change From Baseline in mUFC

GroupValue (nmol/24hr)Spread
Osilodrostat Group421.4291.25
Osilodrostat Placebo Group451.5535.09
Secondary outcomeCount of participants· up to 12 weeks

Time-to-first Control of mUFC - Number (%) of Participants With mUFC <=ULN

GroupValue (Participants)
Osilodrostat Group45
Osilodrostat Placebo Group8
Secondary outcomeMedian· up to 12 weeks

Time-to-first Control of mUFC - Median Time to First Controlled mUFC Response

GroupValue (Days)
Osilodrostat Group35
Osilodrostat Placebo GroupNA
Secondary outcomeNumber· up to 12 weeks

Time-to-first Control of mUFC - % Event Probability Estimates

GroupValue (Percent (event probability estimates))
Osilodrostat Group25.0
Osilodrostat Placebo Group16.0
Secondary outcomeCount of participants· up to 48 weeks

Time-to-escape During Osilodrostat Treatment From Collection of Normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the First mUFC > 1.3 x ULN - Number (%) of Participants

GroupValue (Participants)
Osilodrostat Group0
Osilodrostat Placebo Group2
All Participants2
Secondary outcomeMedian· from week 26 to week 48

Time-to-escape During Osilodrostat Treatment From Collection of Normal mUFC (≤ ULN) to the First mUFC > 1.3 x ULN - Median Time to Escape From Normal mUFC

GroupValue (days)
Osilodrostat GroupNA
Osilodrostat Placebo GroupNA
All ParticipantsNA

Adverse events, as posted

Adverse events as posted: participants affected out of participants at risk, by group
GroupDeathsSerious eventsOther events
Placebo Controlled Period - Osilodrostat Arm.All data while on osilodrostat treatment up to week 12 in participants initially randomized to osilodrostat.0 / 482 / 4845 / 48
Placebo Controlled Period - Placebo Arm.All data while on placebo treatment up to week 12 in participants initially randomized to placebo.0 / 251 / 2521 / 25
Overall Study Period - Osilodrostat Arm.All data while on osilodrostat treatment from randomization up to end-of-study in participants initially randomized to osilodrostat.0 / 4810 / 4847 / 48
Overall Study Period - Placebo Arm.All data while on osilodrostat treatment from Week 12 up to end-of-study in participants initially randomized to placebo.0 / 250 / 2524 / 25
Overall Study Period - All Participants.All data while on osilodrostat treatment up to end-of-study in all randomized participants, excluding data while on placebo from participants initially randomized to placebo.0 / 7310 / 7371 / 73

Each cell reads participants affected / participants at risk, as the registry posted them.

Registry data comes from ClinicalTrials.gov. Study results come from studies, not from the registry. How PepBank works

Studies0

Studies that cite this trial.

No study cites this trial.

Other registry references

References listed at the registry that are not in PepBank. They link to PubMed.

  • DerivedFleseriu M, Pivonello R, Lacroix A, Biller BMK, Feelders R, Gadelha M, Bertherat J, Belaya Z, Piacentini A, Pedroncelli AM, Newell-Price J. Osilodrostat dose impact on efficacy/safety in Cushing's disease: large, pooled analysis of LINC 2, 3, and 4. Eur J Endocrinol. 2025 Oct 30;193(5):606-617. doi: 10.1093/ejendo/lvaf207. PMID 41052284
  • DerivedNewell-Price J, Fleseriu M, Pivonello R, Feelders RA, Gadelha MR, Lacroix A, Witek P, Heaney AP, Piacentini A, Pedroncelli AM, Biller BMK. Improved Clinical Outcomes During Long-term Osilodrostat Treatment of Cushing Disease With Normalization of Late-night Salivary Cortisol and Urinary Free Cortisol. J Endocr Soc. 2024 Nov 12;9(1):bvae201. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvae201. eCollection 2024 Nov 26. PMID 39610378
  • DerivedGadelha M, Bex M, Feelders RA, Heaney AP, Auchus RJ, Gilis-Januszewska A, Witek P, Belaya Z, Yu Y, Liao Z, Ku CHC, Carvalho D, Roughton M, Wojna J, Pedroncelli AM, Snyder PJ. Randomized Trial of Osilodrostat for the Treatment of Cushing Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Jun 16;107(7):e2882-e2895. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac178. PMID 35325149

Eligibility

Who could join, as posted.

Sex
All
Age
from 18 Years up to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Not accepted
Inclusion and exclusion criteria, as posted
Key inclusion criteria: * Confirmed Cushing's Disease (CD) that is persistent or recurrent as evidenced by all of the following criteria being met (i.e., a, b and c): 1. mUFC \> 1.3 x ULN (Mean of three 24-hour urine samples collected preferably on 3 consecutive days, during screening after washout of prior medical therapy for CD (if applicable), confirmed by the central laboratory and available before Day 1), with ≥2 of the individual UFC values being \> 1.3 x ULN. 2. Morning plasma Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) above Lower Limit of Normal 3. Confirmation (based on medical history) of pituitary source of excess ACTH as defined by any one or more of the following three criteria: i. Histopathologic confirmation of an ACTH-staining adenoma in patients who have had prior pituitary surgery. OR ii. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmation of pituitary adenoma \> 6 mm OR iii. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) with either corticotropic-releasing hormone (CRH) or desmopressin (DDAVP) stimulation for patients with a tumor ≤ 6mm. The criteria for a confirmatory BIPSS test are any of the following: Pre-dose central to peripheral ACTH gradient \> 2; Post-dose central to peripheral ACTH gradient \> 3 after either CRH or DDAVP stimulation * Patients that received glucocorticoid replacement therapy must have discontinued such therapy for at least seven days or 5 half-lives prior to screening, whichever is longer. * Patients with de novo CD can be included only if they are not considered candidates for surgery (e.g., poor surgical candidates due to co-morbidities, inoperable tumors, patients who refuse to have surgical treatment, or surgical treatment is not available). Key exclusion criteria: * Patients with pseudo-Cushing's syndrome. This may be diagnosed by a normal late night salivary cortisol value collected during the screening period and after washout of prior CD medication. * Patients with risk factors for QT corrected (QTc) prolongation or Torsade de Pointes, including: patients with a baseline QT corrected (Fridericia QT formula) (QTcF) \> 450 ms for males and QTcF \> 460 ms for females; personal or family history of long QT syndrome; concomitant medications known to prolong the QT interval; patients with hypokalemia, hypocalcaemia, or hypomagnesaemia, if not corrected before pre-dose Day 1. * Patients likely to require adrenalectomy, pituitary surgery, or radiation therapy during the placebo-controlled period (Weeks 1-12) for the treatment of severe hypercortisolism or pituitary tumor growth causing compression of the optic chiasm. * Patients with compression of the optic chiasm due to a macroadenoma or patients at high risk of compression of the optic chiasm (tumor within 2 mm of optic chiasm). * Patients who have a known inherited syndrome as the cause for hormone over secretion (i.e. Carney Complex, McCune-Albright syndrome, MEN-1, AIP). * Patients with Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion or ACTH independent (adrenal) Cushing's syndrome. Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. 8. Women of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they are using highly effective methods of contraception during dosing and for 1 week after completion of dosing. Highly effective contraception methods include: A. Total abstinence (when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception. B. Female sterilization (have had surgical bilateral oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy) or tubal ligation at least six weeks before taking study drug. In case of bilateral oophorectomy, documentation is required (e.g. operative report, pelvic ultrasound or other reliable imaging method). C. Male sterilization (at least 6 months prior to screening). For female subjects on the study the vasectomized male partner should be the sole partner for that subject. D. Combination of any two of the following (a+b or a+c, or b+c): 1. Use of oral\*, injected, or implanted hormonal methods of contraception or other forms of hormonal contraception that have comparable efficacy (failure rate \<1%), for example hormone vaginal ring or transdermal hormone contraception 2. Placement of an intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS) 3. Barrier methods of contraception: Condom or Occlusive cap (diaphragm or cervical/vault caps) with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/vaginal suppository. \*In the case of use of oral contraception, women should have been stable on the same pill for a minimum of 3 months before taking study drug. Women are considered post-menopausal and not of child bearing potential if they have had 12 months of natural (spontaneous) amenorrhea with an appropriate clinical profile (i.e., age appropriate, history of vasomotor symptoms) or have had surgical bilateral oophorectomy (with or without hysterectomy), total hysterectomy, or tubal ligation at least six weeks ago. In the case of oophorectomy alone, only when the reproductive status of the woman has been confirmed by follow-up hormone level assessment is she considered not of child bearing potential.

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