The Use of Mini-dose Glucagon to Prevent Exercise-induced Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Clinical diagnosis of presumed autoimmune type 1 diabetes, receiving daily insulin 2. Age 18-\<65 years 3. Duration of T1D ≥ 2 years 4. Random C-peptide \< 0.6 ng/ml 5. Using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII; insulin pump) for at least 6 months, with no plans to discontinue pump use during the study 6. Exercises regularly, i.e. ≥30 minutes moderate or more vigorous aerobic activity X ≥3 times/week 7. Body mass index (BMI) \<30 kg/m2 8. Females must meet one of the following criteria: * Of childbearing potential and not currently pregnant or lactating, and agrees to use an accepted contraceptive regimen as described in the study procedure manual throughout the entire duration of the study; or * Of non-childbearing potential, defined as a female who has had a hysterectomy or tubal ligation, is clinically considered infertile or is in a menopausal state (at least 1 year without menses) 9. In good general health with no conditions that could influence the outcome of the trial, and in the judgment of the investigator is a good candidate for the study based on review of available medical history, physical examination and clinical laboratory evaluations 10. Willing to adhere to the protocol requirements for the duration of the study 11. Must be enrolled in the T1D Exchange clinic registry or willing to join the registry Exclusion Criteria: 1. One or more severe hypoglycemic episodes in the past 12 months (as defined by an episode that required third party assistance for treatment) 2. Active diabetic retinopathy (proliferative diabetic retinopathy or vitreous hemorrhage in past 6 months) that could potentially be worsened by exercise protocol 3. Peripheral neuropathy with insensate feet 4. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy with inappropriate heart rate response to exercise 5. Use of non-insulin anti-diabetic medications 6. Use of beta-blockers 7. Use of agents that affect hepatic glucose production such as beta adrenergic agonists, xanthine derivatives 8. Use of Pramlintide 9. Currently following a very low calorie or other weight-loss diet 10. Participation in other studies involving administration of an investigational drug or device within 30 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, before screening for the current study or planning to participate in another such study during participation in the current study