Effect of AC2993 With or Without Immunosuppression on Beta Cell Function in Patients With Type I Diabetes

Status

Completed

Phase

Phase 2

Enrollment

47 participants (actual)

Sponsor

AstraZeneca · Industry

Design

Randomized · Open label (no masking)

Countries

1 country

United States

Start

Jul 2003

Primary completion

Mar 2008

Completion

Mar 2008

First posted

11 Jul 2003 (estimated)

Last update posted

11 Mar 2015 (estimated)

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus

This study will determine 1) the safety of AC2993 in patients with type I diabetes; 2) the ability of AC2993 to improve beta cell function; and 3) the effects of immunosuppression on beta cell function. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells produce insulin, which regulates blood sugar. AC2993 may improve the pancreas's ability to produce insulin and help control blood sugar, but it may also activate the original immune response that caused the diabetes. Thus, this study will examine the effects of AC2993 alone as well as in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Patients between 18 and 60 years of age who have type I diabetes mellitus may be eligible for this 20-month study. They must have had diabetes for at least 5 years and require insulin treatment. Candidates will be screened with a questionnaire, followed by medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, a chest x-ray and skin test for tuberculosis, electrocardiogram (EKG), and arginine stimulated C-peptide test (see description below). Participants will undergo the following tests and procedures: Advanced screening phase: Participants undergo a diabetes education program, including instruction on frequent blood glucose monitoring, dietary education on counting carbohydrates, intensive insulin therapy, review of signs and symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and potential treatment with glucagon shots. Patients must administer insulin via an insulin pump or take at least four injections per day including glargine (Lantus) insulin. 4-month run-in phase * Arginine-stimulated C-peptide test: This test measures the body's insulin production. The patient is injected with a liquid containing arginine, a normal constituent of food that increases insulin release from beta cells into the blood stream. After the injection, seven blood samples are collected over 10 minutes. * Mixed meal stimulated C-peptide test with acetaminophen: This test assesses the response of the beta cells to an ordinary meal and the time it takes for food to pass through the stomach. The patient drinks a food supplement and takes acetaminophen (Tylenol). Blood samples are then drawn through a catheter (plastic tube placed in a vein) every 30 minutes for 4 hours to measure levels of various hormones and the concentration of acetaminophen. * Euglycemic clamp: This test measures the body's level of insulin resistance by measuring the amount of glucose necessary to compensate for an increased insulin level while maintaining a prespecified blood glucose level.

• Experimental

  Group 1

  Group 1 will receive immunosuppression and AC2993; then immunosuppression only

• Experimental

  Group 2

  Group 2 will receive AC2993 only; then neither immunosuppression nor AC2993

• Experimental

  Group 3

  Group 3 will receive immunosuppression and AC2993; then immunosuppression and AC2993

• Experimental

  Group 4

  Group 4 will receive AC2993 only; then AC2993 only

1. Change in basal C-peptide level

   Time frame · baseline and 6 months

   Registry description

   Assess whether patients treated with AC2993 (with or without concomitant immunosuppression) will display at least a 50% improvement in their basal C-peptide level. C-peptide level is a surrogate measure for insulin production.