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Study · Observational study · n = 25 · 2026

11 results

Effects of Oral Semaglutide on Dietary Intake and Body Composition in Japanese People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Observational Study in Clinical Practice.

Sawada M, Nakanishi N, Aihara M, Ohkuma K, Hamano S, Sakurai Y, Sekine R, Usami S, Yamauchi T, Kubota N

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism1 Sept 2026

PMID42552642 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC13437943 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/edm2.70295 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-42552642
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Summary

IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are effective glucose-lowering agents with established benefits on body weight and cardiometabolic outcomes. However, their precise effects on body composition and dietary intake patterns, including food group consumption and macronutrient energy distribution, particularly in clinical settings, remain incompletely understood.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment. Dietary intake patterns were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Handgrip strength and laboratory parameters were also evaluated. All parameters were assessed at both baseline (before the start of semaglutide treatment) and at a 3-month follow-up visit.ResultsA total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis. After 3 months of oral semaglutide treatment, significant reductions in HbA1c levels and body weight were noted. Significant reductions in the percent body fat and significant increases in the percent muscle mass were also observed. No significant change was observed in the handgrip strength. While the total energy intake decreased significantly after 3 months of semaglutide treatment, the macronutrient energy distribution remained unchanged. Analysis by food groups revealed significant reductions in the intakes of fats and oils, seasonings and spices, and sweets and snacks. Notably, the daily salt intake also decreased significantly from 8.9 to 7.0 g/day.ConclusionsOral semaglutide treatment was associated with reductions in the total energy intake and percent body fat, without significant changes in the macronutrient energy distribution or handgrip strength. Salt intake was also significantly reduced, suggesting potential clinical benefits of this treatment in the management of diabetes and related comorbidities.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study11

11 results from studies that gave the peptide. 11 results from people.

  1. 01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide, compared with before treatment.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c change at 3 months
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    significant reductions in HbA1c levels and body weight were noted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  2. 02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, body weight fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, body weight fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide, compared with before treatment.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight change at 3 months
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After 3 months of oral semaglutide treatment, significant reductions in HbA1c levels and body weight were noted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  3. 03HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, percent body fat fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, body fat percentage fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide, compared with before treatment.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreasePercent body fat
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Body composition · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Significant reductions in the percent body fat
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Oral semaglutide treatment was associated with reductions in the total energy intake and percent body fat
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  4. 04HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, percent muscle mass rose significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, muscle mass percentage rose after 3 months of oral semaglutide, compared with before treatment.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreasePercent muscle mass
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Body composition · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    significant increases in the percent muscle mass were also observed.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  5. 05HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, handgrip strength did not change significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, handgrip strength did not change after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHandgrip strength
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No significant change was observed in the handgrip strength.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  6. 06HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, total energy intake decreased significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, total energy intake fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide, compared with before treatment.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseTotal energy intake
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the total energy intake decreased significantly after 3 months of semaglutide treatment
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  7. 07HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, the macronutrient energy distribution remained unchanged after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, the mix of fat, protein and carbohydrate in the diet did not change after 3 months of semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeMacronutrient energy distribution
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the macronutrient energy distribution remained unchanged.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  8. 08HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of fats and oils fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of fats and oils fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntake of fats and oils
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    significant reductions in the intakes of fats and oils
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  9. 09HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of seasonings and spices fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of seasonings and spices fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntake of seasonings and spices
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    significant reductions in the intakes of fats and oils, seasonings and spices
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  10. 10HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of sweets and snacks fell significantly after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, intake of sweets and snacks fell after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntake of sweets and snacks
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    significant reductions in the intakes of fats and oils, seasonings and spices, and sweets and snacks
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.
  11. 11HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, daily salt intake decreased significantly from 8.9 to 7.0 g/day after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes, daily salt intake fell from 8.9 to 7.0 g after 3 months of oral semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseDaily salt intake
    Study

    n = 25

    Comparator
    Baseline
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oral · 3 monthsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Daily salt intake at baseline
    8.9 g/day
    Daily salt intake at 3 months
    7 g/day

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the daily salt intake also decreased significantly from 8.9 to 7.0 g/day.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In this prospective observational study, we enrolled Japanese adults with Type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on oral semaglutide treatment.
    Summary · context
    A total of 25 participants were included in the final analysis.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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