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Study · Randomized controlled trial · n = 39 · 2026

7 results

Effects of insulin and exenatide therapy on glycemic control and β-cell function in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and severe hyperglycemia.

Wu TH, Kuo CS, Chen HS

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA15 Jun 2026

PMID42290292 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC13387786 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1097/jcma.0000000000001394 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-42290292
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. 7 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, HbA1c at 6 months was similar with exenatide and insulin therapy.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, long-term blood sugar at 6 months was similar with exenatide and insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeHbA1c at 6 months
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c
    6.88%
    exenatide at 6 months
    HbA1c
    6.74%
    insulin at 6 months

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The mean HbA1c levels were similar between the insulin and exenatide groups at 6 months (6.74 ± 1.12% vs 6.88 ± 0.76%; p = 0.681) and 12 months after randomization (6.62 ± 0.69% vs 7.05 ± 0.72%; p = 0.119).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, HbA1c at 12 months was similar with exenatide and insulin therapy.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, long-term blood sugar at 12 months was similar with exenatide and insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeHbA1c at 12 months
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c
    7.05%
    exenatide at 12 months
    HbA1c
    6.62%
    insulin at 12 months

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The mean HbA1c levels were similar between the insulin and exenatide groups at 6 months (6.74 ± 1.12% vs 6.88 ± 0.76%; p = 0.681) and 12 months after randomization (6.62 ± 0.69% vs 7.05 ± 0.72%; p = 0.119).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, remission was lower with exenatide than insulin by 1 year after intervention.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, remission was less frequent with exenatide than insulin by 1 year after treatment.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseRemission rate
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Remission rate
    5.9%
    exenatide
    Remission rate
    18.2%
    insulin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    By 1 year after the intervention, the remission rates were 18.2% (n = 4) in the insulin group and 5.9% (n = 1) in the exenatide group ( p = 0.025).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, median relapse time did not significantly differ between exenatide and insulin.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, time to relapse did not significantly differ between exenatide and insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeTime to relapse
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Median time to relapse
    5 months
    exenatide
    Median time to relapse
    6.5 months
    insulin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The median time to relapse was 6.5 months in the insulin group and 5.0 months in the exenatide group ( p = 0.685).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, exenatide produced worse HOMA beta-cell function index than insulin.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, the beta-cell function index was worse with exenatide than insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHOMA beta-cell function index
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with the exenatide group, the insulin group had better homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index, insulinogenic index, and total insulin secretion during the OGTT.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, exenatide produced a worse insulinogenic index than insulin.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, the insulin release index was worse with exenatide than insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseInsulinogenic index
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with the exenatide group, the insulin group had better homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index, insulinogenic index, and total insulin secretion during the OGTT.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.
  7. 07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, total insulin secretion during OGTT was lower with exenatide than insulin.

    In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, total insulin release during glucose testing was lower with exenatide than insulin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseTotal insulin secretion during OGTT
    Study

    n = 39

    Comparator
    Insulin therapy
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with the exenatide group, the insulin group had better homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index, insulinogenic index, and total insulin secretion during the OGTT.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >9% were treated with insulin injections for 10 to 14 days, after which oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed.
    Summary · context
    The patients were randomized in an open-label design to receive either insulin therapy or exenatide therapy for a further 24 weeks.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

Status unknownPhase 4NCT01270191

The Effects of Short-Term Exenatide Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwann = 160Nov 2010 to est. Dec 2015

Type 2 Diabetes

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 27 Jun 2013

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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