Kidney and Survival Benefits of Semaglutide in Diabetes With Chronic Kidney Disease: FLOW Trial Cardiovascular Subgroup Analyses.

Tuttle KR, Bakris GL, Baeres FMM, Bang CN, Bax WA, Belmar N, Musinga D, Cherney DZI, Chernin G, Lim SK, Mann JFE, Perkovic V and 7 more

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Pratley R, Ridker PM, Rossing P, Schmieder R, Shamkhalova MS, Sreenivasamurthy L, Mahaffey KW

Journal of the American College of Cardiology1 Jun 2026Cited by 1 (Europe PMC)

PMID42233552DOI10.1016/j.jacc.2026.02.5125PepBankPUB-42233552

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study15

15 results from studies that gave the peptide. 15 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without established cardiovascular disease but with high total cardiovascular risk, semaglutide reduced the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.91).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease at high heart risk, semaglutide lowered the risk of serious kidney outcomes versus placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreasePrimary kidney composite outcome, with high total cardiovascular disease risk
Study
n = 1,329
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.73 HR
with high total CVD risk
Source sentences
Summary
with (134 of 675 vs 168 of 654) or without (44 of 331 vs 58 of 340) high total cardiovascular disease risk (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58-0.91; and HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.49-1.08, respectively; P for interaction = 0.99)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355205
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD who had ASCVD, semaglutide gave an HR of 0.80 (95% CI 0.63-1.02) for the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo, not a significant reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and heart or vessel disease, semaglutide's lowering of kidney outcome risk versus placebo was not statistically significant.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePrimary kidney composite outcome, with ASCVD
Study
n = 1,198
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.8 HR
with ASCVD
Source sentences
Summary
with (119 of 593 vs 146 of 605) or without (212 of 1,174 vs 264 of 1,161) ASCVD (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.63-1.02; and HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.89, respectively; P for interaction = 0.62)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355201
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD who had heart failure, semaglutide reduced the risk of the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.93).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and heart failure, semaglutide lowered the risk of serious kidney outcomes versus placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreasePrimary kidney composite outcome, with heart failure
Study
n = 678
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.67 HR
with heart failure
Source sentences
Summary
with (67 of 342 vs 88 of 336) or without (264 of 1,424 vs 322 of 1,430) heart failure (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.93; and HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67-0.93, respectively; P for interaction = 0.40)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355203
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without ASCVD, semaglutide reduced the risk of the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.89).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease but no heart or vessel disease, semaglutide lowered the risk of serious kidney outcomes versus placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreasePrimary kidney composite outcome, without ASCVD
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.74 HR
without ASCVD
Source sentences
Summary
with (119 of 593 vs 146 of 605) or without (212 of 1,174 vs 264 of 1,161) ASCVD (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.63-1.02; and HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.89, respectively; P for interaction = 0.62)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355202
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without heart failure, semaglutide reduced the risk of the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.67-0.93).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease but no heart failure, semaglutide lowered the risk of serious kidney outcomes versus placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreasePrimary kidney composite outcome, without heart failure
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.79 HR
without heart failure
Source sentences
Summary
with (67 of 342 vs 88 of 336) or without (264 of 1,424 vs 322 of 1,430) heart failure (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.93; and HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67-0.93, respectively; P for interaction = 0.40)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355204
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without high total cardiovascular risk, semaglutide gave an HR of 0.73 (95% CI 0.49-1.08) for the primary kidney composite outcome versus placebo, not a significant reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease at lower heart risk, semaglutide's lowering of kidney outcome risk versus placebo was not statistically significant.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changePrimary kidney composite outcome, without high total cardiovascular disease risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.73 HR
without high total CVD risk
Source sentences
Summary
with (134 of 675 vs 168 of 654) or without (44 of 331 vs 58 of 340) high total cardiovascular disease risk (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58-0.91; and HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.49-1.08, respectively; P for interaction = 0.99)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide reduced the primary outcome risk in subgroups
Summary · context
The primary outcome was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, eGFR 2, dialysis, transplantation, and kidney or cardiovascular death.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355206
07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without established cardiovascular disease but with high total cardiovascular risk, semaglutide reduced the risk of all-cause death versus placebo (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.95).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease at high heart risk, fewer people died on semaglutide than on placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAll-cause death, with high total cardiovascular disease risk
Study
n = 1,329
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.71 HR
with high total CVD risk
Source sentences
Summary
with (73 of 675 vs 98 of 654) or without (23 of 331 vs 28 of 340) high total cardiovascular disease risk (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.95; and HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.47-1.43, respectively; P for interaction = 0.63)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355214
08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD who had ASCVD, semaglutide gave an HR of 0.82 (95% CI 0.63-1.07) for all-cause death versus placebo, not a significant reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and heart or vessel disease, fewer died on semaglutide than placebo, but not significantly.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeAll-cause death, with ASCVD
Study
n = 1,198
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.82 HR
with ASCVD
Source sentences
Summary
with (99 of 593 vs 121 of 605) or without (128 of 1,174 vs 158 of 1,161) ASCVD (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.63-1.07; and HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62-0.99, respectively; P for interaction = 0.79)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355210
09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD who had heart failure, semaglutide gave an HR of 0.75 (95% CI 0.54-1.05) for all-cause death versus placebo, not a significant reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and heart failure, fewer people died on semaglutide than placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeAll-cause death, with heart failure
Study
n = 678
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.75 HR
with heart failure
Source sentences
Summary
with (64 of 342 vs 79 of 336) or without (163 of 1,424 vs 200 of 1,430) heart failure (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.54-1.05; and HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66-0.99, respectively; P for interaction = 0.74)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355212
10HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without ASCVD, semaglutide reduced the risk of all-cause death versus placebo (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.99).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease but no heart or vessel disease, fewer people died on semaglutide than on placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAll-cause death, without ASCVD
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.78 HR
without ASCVD
Source sentences
Summary
with (99 of 593 vs 121 of 605) or without (128 of 1,174 vs 158 of 1,161) ASCVD (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.63-1.07; and HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62-0.99, respectively; P for interaction = 0.79)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355211
11HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without heart failure, semaglutide reduced the risk of all-cause death versus placebo (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.99).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease but no heart failure, fewer people died on semaglutide than on placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAll-cause death, without heart failure
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.81 HR
without heart failure
Source sentences
Summary
with (64 of 342 vs 79 of 336) or without (163 of 1,424 vs 200 of 1,430) heart failure (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.54-1.05; and HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66-0.99, respectively; P for interaction = 0.74)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355213
12HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD without high total cardiovascular risk, semaglutide gave an HR of 0.82 (95% CI 0.47-1.43) for all-cause death versus placebo, not a significant reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease at lower heart risk, fewer died on semaglutide than placebo, but not significantly.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeAll-cause death, without high total cardiovascular disease risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HR
0.82 HR
without high total CVD risk
Source sentences
Summary
with (73 of 675 vs 98 of 654) or without (23 of 331 vs 28 of 340) high total cardiovascular disease risk (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.95; and HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.47-1.43, respectively; P for interaction = 0.63)
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Semaglutide also reduced risks of all-cause death
Summary · context
All-cause death was a confirmatory secondary outcome.
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355215
13HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, CKD and ASCVD, the number needed to treat with semaglutide to prevent one primary kidney outcome at 3 years was 22.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes with kidney and heart or vessel disease, 22 people needed semaglutide for 3 years to prevent one serious kidney outcome.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNumber needed to treat for primary kidney outcome at 3 years, ASCVD subgroup
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
NNT
22 patients
ASCVD subgroup, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
Numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 primary kidney outcome at 3 years were 22, 13, and 17 in the ASCVD, heart failure, and PREVENT score ≥20% subgroups, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355207
14HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, CKD and heart failure, the number needed to treat with semaglutide to prevent one primary kidney outcome at 3 years was 13.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and heart failure, 13 people needed semaglutide for 3 years to prevent one serious kidney outcome.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNumber needed to treat for primary kidney outcome at 3 years, heart failure subgroup
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
NNT
13 patients
heart failure subgroup, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
Numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 primary kidney outcome at 3 years were 22, 13, and 17 in the ASCVD, heart failure, and PREVENT score ≥20% subgroups, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355208
15HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes and CKD with a PREVENT score of 20% or more, the number needed to treat with semaglutide to prevent one primary kidney outcome at 3 years was 17.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and high heart risk, 17 people needed semaglutide for 3 years to prevent one serious kidney outcome.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNumber needed to treat for primary kidney outcome at 3 years, PREVENT score 20% or more subgroup
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
1.0 mg once weekly · subcutaneousAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
NNT
17 patients
PREVENT score >=20% subgroup, 3 years
Source sentences
Summary
Numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 primary kidney outcome at 3 years were 22, 13, and 17 in the ASCVD, heart failure, and PREVENT score ≥20% subgroups, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD were randomized to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg vs placebo.
Report a problemFND-4223355209

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT03819153

A Research Study to See How Semaglutide Works Compared to Placebo in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Novo Nordisk A/Sn = 3,53317 Jun 2019 to 9 Jan 2024

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 20 Mar 2025

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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