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Study · Observational study · 2026

8 results

Semaglutide and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics Network Study.

Cai CX, Toy B, Martin B, Fan R, Westlund E, Tran D, Nishimura A, Lee H, Leng T, Nagy P, Mathioudakis N, Zhang L and 35 more

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Hribar M, Chen A, Armbrust K, Goetz K, Baxter S, Boland MV, Brown EN, Tsui E, Barkmeier AJ, Wang S, Mehta N, Stocking JC, O'Keefe G, Lee CS, Payne PRO, O'Brien WJ, DuVall S, Alshammari T, Falconer T, Dorr DA, Humes I, McCoy D, Adibuzzaman M, Mahmood R, Morgan-Cooper H, Desai P, Kothari SY, Sena A, Blacketer C, Ostropolets A, Shoaibi A, Rao G, Hripcsak G, Ryan P, Suchard MA

Ophthalmology2 Jun 2026

PMID42229813 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC13318194 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.05.034 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-42229813
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. 8 results from people.

  1. 01HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, the risk of neovascular AMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of dulaglutide users (NVAMD-C HR 0.57, NVAMD-CP HR 0.25; both not significant).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide users had a similar risk of wet age-related macular degeneration as dulaglutide users.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeovascular AMD risk versus dulaglutide
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Dulaglutide
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    0.57 HR
    NVAMD-C versus dulaglutide
    HR
    0.25 HR
    NVAMD-CP versus dulaglutide

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users of dulaglutide (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.21-1.57; P = 0.28; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05-1.27; P = 0.10)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
  2. 02HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, the risk of neovascular AMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of empagliflozin users (NVAMD-C HR 0.98, NVAMD-CP HR 0.79; both not significant).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide users had a similar risk of wet age-related macular degeneration as empagliflozin users.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeovascular AMD risk versus empagliflozin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Empagliflozin
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    0.98 HR
    NVAMD-C versus empagliflozin
    HR
    0.79 HR
    NVAMD-CP versus empagliflozin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    empagliflozin (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.54-1.79; P = 0.94; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.38-1.64; P = 0.52)
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
  3. 03HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, the risk of neovascular AMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of sitagliptin users (NVAMD-C HR 2.08, NVAMD-CP HR 1.80; both not significant).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide users had a similar risk of wet age-related macular degeneration as sitagliptin users.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeovascular AMD risk versus sitagliptin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    2.08 HR
    NVAMD-C versus sitagliptin
    HR
    1.8 HR
    NVAMD-CP versus sitagliptin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    sitagliptin (NVAMD-C: HR, 2.08; 95% CI, 0.90-4.83; P = 0.09; NVAMD-CP: HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 0.55-5.86; P = 0.33)
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
  4. 04HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, the risk of neovascular AMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of glipizide users (NVAMD-C HR 0.83, NVAMD-CP HR 0.50; both not significant).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide users had a similar risk of wet age-related macular degeneration as glipizide users.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeovascular AMD risk versus glipizide
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Glipizide
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    0.83 HR
    NVAMD-C versus glipizide
    HR
    0.5 HR
    NVAMD-CP versus glipizide

    Source sentences

    Summary
    glipizide (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.35-2.02; P = 0.69; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.21-1.19; P = 0.12)
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
  5. 05HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, a self-controlled case series found no increased or decreased risk of neovascular AMD associated with semaglutide exposure (NVAMD-C IRR 0.92, NVAMD-CP IRR 1.02).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, a within-person analysis found no higher or lower risk of wet age-related macular degeneration linked to semaglutide use.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeovascular AMD, self-controlled case series
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    IRR
    0.92 IRR
    NVAMD-C
    IRR
    1.02 IRR
    NVAMD-CP

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No evidence was found of increased or decreased risk for NVAMD associated with semaglutide exposure (NVAMD-C: IRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67-1.26; P = 0.60; NVAMD-CP: IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.76-1.36; P = 0.92) nor with any of the other GLP-1RAs or non-GLP-1RAs.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
  6. 06HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, dulaglutide and semaglutide use were linked to similar risks of NVAMD defined by condition codes.

    In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, dulaglutide and semaglutide were linked to similar risks of wet macular degeneration defined by diagnosis codes.

    Peptide
    Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
    Outcome
    No significant changeNVAMD defined by condition codes
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    hazard ratio, NVAMD-C
    0.57 HR
    semaglutide users versus dulaglutide users
    95% CI of hazard ratio
    0.21 to 1.57 HR
    semaglutide users versus dulaglutide users, NVAMD-C

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users of dulaglutide (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.21-1.57; P = 0.28; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05-1.27; P = 0.10)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Retrospective study across 12 databases in the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network from December 1, 2017, through December 31, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
  7. 07HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, dulaglutide and semaglutide use were linked to similar risks of NVAMD defined by codes and procedures.

    In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, dulaglutide and semaglutide were linked to similar risks of wet macular degeneration defined by diagnoses and procedures.

    Peptide
    Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
    Outcome
    No significant changeNVAMD defined by condition codes and procedures
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Semaglutide
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    hazard ratio, NVAMD-CP
    0.25 HR
    semaglutide users versus dulaglutide users
    95% CI of hazard ratio
    0.05 to 1.27 HR
    semaglutide users versus dulaglutide users, NVAMD-CP

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users of dulaglutide (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.21-1.57; P = 0.28; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05-1.27; P = 0.10)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Retrospective study across 12 databases in the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network from December 1, 2017, through December 31, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).
  8. 08HumanObservational studySafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, no increased or decreased NVAMD risk was linked to dulaglutide exposure in the self-controlled analysis.

    In plain wordsIn adults with diabetes, dulaglutide exposure was not linked to changed wet macular degeneration risk in a self-controlled analysis.

    Peptide
    Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
    Outcome
    No significant changeNVAMD during drug exposure
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No evidence was found of increased or decreased risk for NVAMD associated with semaglutide exposure (NVAMD-C: IRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67-1.26; P = 0.60; NVAMD-CP: IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.76-1.36; P = 0.92) nor with any of the other GLP-1RAs or non-GLP-1RAs.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis.
    Summary · context
    Retrospective study across 12 databases in the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network from December 1, 2017, through December 31, 2024.
    Summary · context
    Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 4 to 9Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC

    The same notice was added 6 times, first on 22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Version 3

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 2

    11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC

    Study results updated

  4. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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