Mitochondria-targeted nanozyme hydrogel remodels the microenvironment to enhance bone regeneration in diabetes-associated periodontitis.

Yan J, Cui C, Zhou L, Xu Y, Zhang K, Liu K, Gong Y, Zhou J, Wu X, Li B

Journal of nanobiotechnology23 May 2026

PMID42174639PMCIDPMC13383480DOI10.1186/s12951-026-04580-2PepBankPUB-42174639

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Summary

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Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone8

In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

01AnimalNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In vivo, the MZT@S/PPP system suppressed alveolar bone loss in diabetes-associated periodontitis.
In plain wordsIn animals with diabetic gum disease, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 reduced jaw bone loss.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseAlveolar bone loss
Study
n: not reported in source
diabetes-associated periodontitis
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
the system suppresses alveolar bone loss and enhances new bone formation in diabetes-associated periodontitis, leading to a markedly improved inflammatory and regenerative microenvironment.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463907
02AnimalNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In vivo, the MZT@S/PPP system enhanced new bone formation in diabetes-associated periodontitis.
In plain wordsIn animals with diabetic gum disease, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 increased new bone growth.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseNew bone formation
Study
n: not reported in source
diabetes-associated periodontitis
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
enhances new bone formation in diabetes-associated periodontitis, leading to a markedly improved inflammatory and regenerative microenvironment.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463908
03LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In the MZT@S nanozyme, SS31 enhanced mitochondrial localization, promoted mitochondria-derived ROS scavenging and restored mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn cells, a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 restored mitochondrial energy production.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
In addition, the mitochondria targeting peptide SS31 enhances mitochondrial localization of the nanozyme and thereby promotes mitochondria-derived ROS scavenging and restores mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463902
04LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
The MZT@S/PPP hydrogel restored mitochondrial function.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 restored mitochondrial function.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseMitochondrial function
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The MZT@S/PPP hydrogel restores mitochondrial function, promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and induces macrophage M2 polarization, thereby re-establishing immune homeostasis.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463903
05LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
The MZT@S/PPP hydrogel promoted osteogenesis.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 promoted bone formation.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseOsteogenesis
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and induces macrophage M2 polarization, thereby re-establishing immune homeostasis.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463904
06LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
The MZT@S/PPP hydrogel promoted angiogenesis.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 promoted new blood vessel growth.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseAngiogenesis
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Wound healing · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
angiogenesis, and induces macrophage M2 polarization, thereby re-establishing immune homeostasis.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463905
07LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
The MZT@S/PPP hydrogel induced macrophage M2 polarization, re-establishing immune homeostasis.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a hydrogel with a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 pushed macrophages toward the M2 type.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseMacrophage M2 polarization
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Source sentences
Summary
induces macrophage M2 polarization, thereby re-establishing immune homeostasis.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463906
08LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement
The MZT@S nanozyme (Mn-Zn-tannic acid with SS31) showed superoxide dismutase-like and catalase-like activities that eliminate ROS.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, a metal-tannic acid nanozyme carrying SS31 acted like the enzymes that clear reactive oxygen species.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseSOD-like and CAT-like activity
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
MZT@S exhibits superoxide dismutase-like and catalase-like activities, which enable efficient elimination of ROS.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-4217463901

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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