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Study · Systematic review · 2026

7 results

Semaglutide and the Risk of Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Certainty of Evidence Meta-Analysis.

Abdelaal A, Abu Serhan H, Alsaadi M, Yaldo L, Gaier ED, Elhusseiny AM

Ophthalmology13 Feb 2026Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID41692115 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.02.013 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41692115
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. 7 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In adults in observational studies, semaglutide was not associated with a statistically significant increase in NAION compared with non-GLP-1 RA comparators in pooled odds ratios (OR 2.44; very low certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults, studies showed no clear higher chance of an optic nerve eye problem with semaglutide than other drugs; evidence was very uncertain.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNAION risk, pooled odds ratio versus non-GLP-1 RA comparators
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    OR
    2.44 ratio
    semaglutide versus non-GLP-1 RA comparators

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In pooled OR analyses, semaglutide was not associated with a statistically significant increase in NAION compared with non-GLP-1 RA comparators (OR = 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-10.15; I2 = 99.34%; very low certainty).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Time-stratified odds ratios for NAION at 1 to 3 years with semaglutide were nonsignificant (very low certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults, studies showed no clear higher chance of an optic nerve eye problem with semaglutide at 1 to 3 years; evidence was very uncertain.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNAION risk, time-stratified odds ratios at 1 to 3 years
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Time-stratified ORs at 1 to 3 years were likewise nonsignificant (very low certainty).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  3. 03HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    Compared with SGLT2 inhibitors, the pooled odds ratio for NAION with semaglutide was 0.72 (95% CI 0.38-1.35), not significant (very low certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults, semaglutide showed no clear difference in an optic nerve eye problem compared with SGLT2 inhibitors; the evidence was very uncertain.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNAION risk, pooled odds ratio versus SGLT2 inhibitors
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    SGLT2 inhibitors
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    OR
    0.72 ratio
    semaglutide versus SGLT2 inhibitors

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with SGLT2 inhibitors, the pooled OR was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.38-1.35; I2 = 81.59%; very low certainty).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  4. 04HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In adjusted time-to-event analyses, the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for NAION with semaglutide was 1.63 (95% CI 0.88-2.39), not significant (low certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults, adjusted studies did not show a clear higher chance of an optic nerve eye problem with semaglutide; the evidence was of low certainty.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNAION risk, pooled adjusted hazard ratio
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    aHR
    1.63 ratio
    semaglutide versus non-GLP-1 RA comparators

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In adjusted time-to-event analyses, the pooled aHR was 1.63 (95% CI, 0.88-2.39; I2 = 67.15%; low certainty).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  5. 05HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    After exclusion of one influential study, the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for NAION with semaglutide rose to 1.92 (95% CI 1.03-2.81), which the authors described as showing fragility.

    In plain wordsIn adults, removing one influential study made semaglutide look linked to more optic nerve eye problems, so the result was fragile.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseNAION risk, adjusted hazard ratio after excluding one influential study
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    aHR
    1.92 ratio
    semaglutide, one influential study excluded

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exclusion of 1 influential study shifted the estimate (aHR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.03-2.81; low certainty), indicating fragility.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  6. 06HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In people with type 2 diabetes, the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for NAION with semaglutide was 1.70 (95% CI 1.10-2.64; low certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was linked to a higher chance of an optic nerve eye problem; the evidence was of low certainty.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseNAION risk, adjusted hazard ratio in type 2 diabetes
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    aHR
    1.7 ratio
    type 2 diabetes

    Source sentences

    Summary
    By indication, pooled aHRs were 1.70 (95% CI, 1.10-2.64; low certainty) for type 2 diabetes
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.
  7. 07HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In people with obesity or overweight, the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for NAION with semaglutide was 0.47 (95% CI 0.19-1.13), not significant (moderate certainty).

    In plain wordsIn adults with obesity or overweight, semaglutide showed no clear difference in an optic nerve eye problem; the evidence was of moderate certainty.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNAION risk, adjusted hazard ratio in obesity or overweight
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Non-GLP-1 RA therapies
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Eye
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    aHR
    0.47 ratio
    obesity/overweight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    0.47 (95% CI, 0.19-1.13; moderate certainty) for obesity/overweight
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies enrolled adults, compared semaglutide with non-GLP-1 RA users, and reported NAION as a distinct outcome with extractable odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).
    Summary · context
    Six observational studies (n = 4 831 654) met inclusion.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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