Modulation of circulating extracellular vesicles by antihyperglycemic therapies: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Baldassarre MPA, Carrieri F, Coluzzi S, D'Ascanio F, Di Pietrantonio N, Centorame G, Pipino C, Lanuti P, Consoli A, Formoso G

Journal of diabetes and its complications27 Jan 2026Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID41621217DOI10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2026.109273PepBankPUB-41621217

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. 3 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In adults with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin, total extracellular vesicles decreased after 12 weeks of liraglutide, independently of HbA1c or body-weight changes.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, total extracellular vesicles fell after liraglutide added to metformin, independently of HbA1c or weight changes.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal extracellular vesicles
Study
n = 20
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Total EV change
−57%
liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 weeks, liraglutide significantly reduced total EVs (-57%), endothelial-EVs (-85%), and platelet-EVs (-55%) (all p < 0.002), independently of changes in HbA1c or body weight.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this single-centre clinical study, we enrolled 60 individuals with T2D and 20 healthy controls.
Summary · context
In the interventional phase, sixty individuals with T2D were randomized to receive liraglutide (n = 20), empagliflozin (n = 20), or gliclazide (n = 20), in add on to metformin, for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
EV subpopulations were assessed as exploratory mechanistic outcomes, alongside metabolic parameters, which were re-assessed post-treatment.
Report a problemFND-4162121701
02HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In adults with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin, endothelial extracellular vesicles decreased after 12 weeks of liraglutide, independently of HbA1c or body-weight changes.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, endothelial extracellular vesicles fell after liraglutide added to metformin, independently of HbA1c or weight changes.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseEndothelial extracellular vesicles
Study
n = 20
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Endothelial-EV change
−85%
liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 weeks, liraglutide significantly reduced total EVs (-57%), endothelial-EVs (-85%), and platelet-EVs (-55%) (all p < 0.002), independently of changes in HbA1c or body weight.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this single-centre clinical study, we enrolled 60 individuals with T2D and 20 healthy controls.
Summary · context
In the interventional phase, sixty individuals with T2D were randomized to receive liraglutide (n = 20), empagliflozin (n = 20), or gliclazide (n = 20), in add on to metformin, for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
EV subpopulations were assessed as exploratory mechanistic outcomes, alongside metabolic parameters, which were re-assessed post-treatment.
Report a problemFND-4162121702
03HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In adults with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin, platelet extracellular vesicles decreased after 12 weeks of liraglutide, independently of HbA1c or body-weight changes.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, platelet extracellular vesicles fell after liraglutide added to metformin, independently of HbA1c or weight changes.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreasePlatelet extracellular vesicles
Study
n = 20
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Platelet-EV change
−55%
liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
After 12 weeks, liraglutide significantly reduced total EVs (-57%), endothelial-EVs (-85%), and platelet-EVs (-55%) (all p < 0.002), independently of changes in HbA1c or body weight.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this single-centre clinical study, we enrolled 60 individuals with T2D and 20 healthy controls.
Summary · context
In the interventional phase, sixty individuals with T2D were randomized to receive liraglutide (n = 20), empagliflozin (n = 20), or gliclazide (n = 20), in add on to metformin, for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
EV subpopulations were assessed as exploratory mechanistic outcomes, alongside metabolic parameters, which were re-assessed post-treatment.
Report a problemFND-4162121703

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneRandomized controlled trialMechanism
Across the liraglutide, empagliflozin, and gliclazide groups receiving metformin, leukocyte-derived extracellular vesicles remained unchanged.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, leukocyte-derived vesicles stayed unchanged across liraglutide, empagliflozin and gliclazide groups receiving metformin.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableLeukocyte-derived extracellular vesicles
Study
n = 60
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Leukocyte-derived EVs remained unchanged across all groups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In the interventional phase, sixty individuals with T2D were randomized to receive liraglutide (n = 20), empagliflozin (n = 20), or gliclazide (n = 20), in add on to metformin, for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
EV subpopulations were assessed as exploratory mechanistic outcomes, alongside metabolic parameters, which were re-assessed post-treatment.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4162121704
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneRandomized controlled trialOther
Across 60 adults with type 2 diabetes receiving liraglutide, empagliflozin, or gliclazide added to metformin for 12 weeks, all completed study treatment.
In plain wordsAll 60 adults with type 2 diabetes completed 12 weeks of treatment added to metformin.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableTreatment completion
Study
n = 60
Outcome group
Treatment adherence and retention · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
All subjects completed the study treatment.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In the interventional phase, sixty individuals with T2D were randomized to receive liraglutide (n = 20), empagliflozin (n = 20), or gliclazide (n = 20), in add on to metformin, for 12 weeks.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4162121705

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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