The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis.

Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Suen MW, Hung CM, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B, Chen YW, Chen TY, Lei WT, Lin PY, Chen JJ and 5 more

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Su KP, Wang HY, Zeng BS, Shiue YL, Liang CS

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine8 Dec 2025Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID41359407PMCIDPMC12685696DOI10.1177/01410768251395877PepBankPUB-41359407

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. 1 result from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, liraglutide was associated with cognitive improvement in the network meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, liraglutide was linked to cognitive improvement in a network meta-analysis.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseCognitive performance
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Dulaglutide and liraglutide were the only agents associated with cognitive improvement.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A frequentist NMA was conducted using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Summary · context
Included trials enrolled individuals without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders.
Summary · context
A total of 62 RCTs comprising 200,068 participants were included.
Report a problemFND-4135940701

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, no significant dementia benefit was observed across all agents including liraglutide.
In plain wordsIn people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, across all drugs including liraglutide, dementia benefit was not significant.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeDementia incidence
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition
Source sentences
Summary
No significant benefits were observed for dementia or coma across all agents.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A frequentist NMA was conducted using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Summary · context
Included trials enrolled individuals without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders.
Summary · context
A total of 62 RCTs comprising 200,068 participants were included.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4135940702
03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, no significant coma benefit was observed across all agents including liraglutide.
In plain wordsIn people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, across all drugs including liraglutide, coma benefit was not significant.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeComa incidence
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition
Source sentences
Summary
No significant benefits were observed for dementia or coma across all agents.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A frequentist NMA was conducted using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Summary · context
Included trials enrolled individuals without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders.
Summary · context
A total of 62 RCTs comprising 200,068 participants were included.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4135940703
04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In the network meta-analysis of people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, only high-dose dapagliflozin significantly reduced delirium incidence among all treatments including liraglutide.
In plain wordsIn people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, only high-dose dapagliflozin significantly reduced delirium among the treatments studied.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableDelirium incidence
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition
Source sentences
Summary
Among all treatments, only high-dose dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) significantly reduced the occurrence of delirium and depression, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A frequentist NMA was conducted using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Summary · context
Included trials enrolled individuals without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders.
Summary · context
Dulaglutide and liraglutide were the only agents associated with cognitive improvement.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4135940704
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In the network meta-analysis of people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, only high-dose dapagliflozin significantly reduced depression incidence among all treatments including liraglutide.
In plain wordsIn people without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders, only high-dose dapagliflozin significantly reduced depression among the treatments studied.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableDepression incidence
Study
n: not reported in source
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Anxiety and mood · Nervous system and cognition
Source sentences
Summary
Among all treatments, only high-dose dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) significantly reduced the occurrence of delirium and depression, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A frequentist NMA was conducted using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors.
Summary · context
Included trials enrolled individuals without baseline cognitive or psychiatric disorders.
Summary · context
Dulaglutide and liraglutide were the only agents associated with cognitive improvement.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4135940705

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 3Current
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 2
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis.

Summary

Results from this study5

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords