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Study · Systematic review · 2025

2 results

Divergent Risks of Hematologic Malignancies Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors: Preliminary Findings from a Pilot Network Meta-Analysis.

Lin PY, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Suen MW, Hung CM, Stubbs B, Chen YW, Chen TY, Lei WT, Chen JJ, Zeng BS, Su KP, Liang CS, Tseng PT

Biomolecules19 Nov 2025Cited by 8 (Europe PMC)

PMID41301540 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12650725 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3390/biom15111622 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41301540
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Summary

BackgroundAlthough glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have gained attention for their broad therapeutic effects, their influence on hematologic malignancy remains underexplored. Given the high mortality associated with hematologic cancers, clarifying the impact of these agents on such malignancies is essential.ObjectivesThis pilot network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess the comparative risk of hematologic malignancies-including lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma-associated with various GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors.MethodsFollowing Cochrane-recommended confirmatory methods, we systematically searched multiple databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through 4 December 2024. The primary outcome was the incidence of overall hematologic malignancies. A frequentist random-effects NMA via the netmeta package was conducted, with additional validation through Bayesian NMA for solely sensitivity analyses.ResultsFifty-five RCTs (n = 200,606) were analyzed. Dulaglutide showed a significantly higher risk of overall hematologic malignancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.14-4.19). In contrast, tirzepatide was linked to a significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.60), especially for lymphoma. No statistically significant associations were identified for SGLT2 inhibitors (i.e., 95%CI across 1.0).ConclusionsOur preliminary findings reveal distinct and agent-specific effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on hematologic malignancy risk. While dulaglutide may elevate the risk, tirzepatide appears protective, particularly against lymphoma. These results call for further long-term mechanistic studies to clarify causality and underlying pathways.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study2

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. 2 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of randomized trials, tirzepatide was linked to a significantly lower risk of overall hematologic malignancy.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, tirzepatide was linked to a lower risk of blood cancers. The authors call it preliminary.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseOverall hematologic malignancy risk
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cancer risk · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Odds ratio
    0.14 ratio
    overall hematologic malignancy

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In contrast, tirzepatide was linked to a significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.60), especially for lymphoma.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Fifty-five RCTs (n = 200,606) were analyzed.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a network meta-analysis of randomized trials, the lower hematologic malignancy risk linked to tirzepatide was especially seen for lymphoma.

    In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials, the lower blood cancer risk linked to tirzepatide was especially seen for lymphoma.

    Peptide
    Tirzepatide
    Outcome
    DecreaseLymphoma risk
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Cancer risk · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In contrast, tirzepatide was linked to a significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.60), especially for lymphoma.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Fifty-five RCTs (n = 200,606) were analyzed.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  2. Version 2

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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