Effect of Semaglutide on Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents With Obesity: The STEP TEENS Study.

Arslanian S, Gies I, Goldman B, Karlsson T, Kelly AS, Skalshøi Kjær M, Körner A, Noureddin M, Wabitsch M, Harder-Lauridsen NM, Weghuber D

Diabetes care1 Jun 2026Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID41296499PMCIDPMC13191423DOI10.2337/dc25-0824PepBankPUB-41296499

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. 10 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced fasting serum insulin more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered fasting insulin more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseFasting serum insulin change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Fasting insulin change
−33.6%
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Fasting insulin change
−10.1%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
fasting serum insulin (-33.6% vs. -10.1%; P = 0.0012)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649901
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced HOMA-IR more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered an insulin resistance score more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHOMA-IR change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HOMA-IR change
−35%
semaglutide 2.4 mg
HOMA-IR change
−5.3%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (-35.0% vs. -5.3%; P = 0.0002)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649902
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced glycated hemoglobin more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered glycated hemoglobin more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
glycated hemoglobin: P < 0.0001
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649903
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced fasting plasma glucose more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered fasting blood glucose more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseFasting plasma glucose change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
fasting plasma glucose: P = 0.0181
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649904
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced ALT more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered the liver enzyme ALT more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAlanine aminotransferase change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
ALT change
−17.9%
semaglutide 2.4 mg
ALT change
−3.3%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
alanine aminotransferase (ALT; -17.9% vs. -3.3%; P = 0.0232
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649905
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced the waist-to-height ratio more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered waist-to-height ratio more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWaist-to-height ratio change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
waist-to-height ratio (P < 0.0001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649906
07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced triglycerides more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered triglycerides more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTriglycerides change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Lipids · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
triglycerides (P < 0.0001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649907
08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced LDL cholesterol more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered LDL cholesterol more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseLDL cholesterol change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Lipids · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
LDL cholesterol (P = 0.0105
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649908
09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced total cholesterol more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn teenagers with obesity, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered total cholesterol more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal cholesterol change
Study
n = 193
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Secondary
Outcome group
Lipids · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
total cholesterol (P < 0.0001)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649909
10HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome
In adolescents with obesity on semaglutide 2.4 mg, BMI reductions of 20% or more were linked to greater improvements in insulin sensitivity, glycemic measures and cardiometabolic risk factors than reductions below 20%.
In plain wordsIn teenagers on semaglutide 2.4 mg, bigger BMI drops were linked to larger improvements in insulin sensitivity and heart-and-metabolism risk markers.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
Not applicableInsulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors by BMI reduction of 20% or more
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
BMI reduction below 20%
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mg · subcutaneous · 68 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, greater improvements in insulin sensitivity, glycemic measures, and cardiometabolic risk factors were seen in semaglutide 2.4 mg recipients with BMI reductions of ≥20% versus <20%.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This secondary analysis of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) TEENS (NCT04102189) study investigated the effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Summary · context
Overall, 193 participants without type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis.
Report a problemFND-4129649910

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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MeSH terms

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