Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists across all health outcomes in type 2 diabetes: An umbrella review and evidence map of randomised controlled trials.

Yeo D, Jo Y, Jeong J, Jeong YD, Woo HG, Son Y, Kim S, Rhee SY, Yon DK

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism19 Nov 2025Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID41255131PMCIDPMC12803684DOI10.1111/dom.70298PepBankPUB-41255131

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study14

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. 1 result from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, the drug-specific analysis associated liraglutide with fewer major cardiovascular events (eOR 0.86; 95% CI 0.80-0.91).
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, the liraglutide-specific analysis linked treatment to fewer major cardiovascular events.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseMajor cardiovascular events
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
eOR
0.86
liraglutide
Source sentences
Summary
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Report a problemFND-4125513103

Studies that did not test the peptide alone13

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with lower heart failure risk, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower heart failure risk; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHeart failure risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Measurements
eOR
0.71
heart failure
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs use was associated with reduced risks of heart failure (eOR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.64-0.79]; low certainty) and peripheral artery disease (0.75 [0.67-0.84]; low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513101
03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with lower peripheral artery disease risk, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower peripheral artery disease risk; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreasePeripheral artery disease risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Measurements
eOR
0.75
peripheral artery disease
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs use was associated with reduced risks of heart failure (eOR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.64-0.79]; low certainty) and peripheral artery disease (0.75 [0.67-0.84]; low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513102
04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with fewer kidney-specific composite outcomes, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to fewer composite kidney outcomes; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseKidney-specific composite outcomes
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Measurements
eOR
0.76
kidney-specific composite outcomes
Source sentences
Summary
Renal outcomes indicated that GLP-1RAs use was associated with reducing the risk of kidney-specific composite outcomes (eOR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.87]; low certainty), including nephropathy (0.74 [0.61-0.92]; low certainty) and albuminuria (0.73 [0.55-0.97]; very low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513104
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with lower nephropathy risk, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower nephropathy risk; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNephropathy risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Measurements
eOR
0.74
nephropathy
Source sentences
Summary
Renal outcomes indicated that GLP-1RAs use was associated with reducing the risk of kidney-specific composite outcomes (eOR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.87]; low certainty), including nephropathy (0.74 [0.61-0.92]; low certainty) and albuminuria (0.73 [0.55-0.97]; very low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513105
06HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with lower albuminuria risk, with very-low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower albuminuria risk; evidence certainty was very low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAlbuminuria risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Measurements
eOR
0.73
albuminuria
Source sentences
Summary
Renal outcomes indicated that GLP-1RAs use was associated with reducing the risk of kidney-specific composite outcomes (eOR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.87]; low certainty), including nephropathy (0.74 [0.61-0.92]; low certainty) and albuminuria (0.73 [0.55-0.97]; very low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513106
07HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with reduced body weight, with moderate-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower body weight; evidence certainty was moderate.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
eOR
0.46
body weight
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs were also associated with reductions in body weight (eOR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.36-0.60]; moderate certainty) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (0.83 [0.71-0.97]; high certainty), but no substantial association with cancer risk was found.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513107
08HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with reduced glycated hemoglobin A1c, with high-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to lower HbA1c; evidence certainty was high.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseGlycated hemoglobin A1c
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
eOR
0.83
glycated haemoglobin A1c
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs were also associated with reductions in body weight (eOR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.36-0.60]; moderate certainty) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (0.83 [0.71-0.97]; high certainty), but no substantial association with cancer risk was found.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513108
09HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide showed no substantial association with cancer risk.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide had no substantial association with cancer risk.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Not applicableCancer risk
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs were also associated with reductions in body weight (eOR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.36-0.60]; moderate certainty) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (0.83 [0.71-0.97]; high certainty), but no substantial association with cancer risk was found.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513109
10HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide had higher nausea odds (eOR 9.62; 95% CI 4.60-20.10; high certainty).
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide had higher nausea odds; evidence certainty was high.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseNausea
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
eOR
9.62
nausea
Source sentences
Summary
Gastrointestinal adverse events, including nausea (9.62 [4.60-20.10]; high certainty), dyspepsia (4.85 [1.52-15.45]; moderate certainty), and constipation (3.39 [1.54-7.47]; high certainty), were consistently reported.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
Summary · context
Effect sizes were recalculated using random-effects models and converted to equivalent odds ratios (eORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for consistency.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513110
11HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide had higher dyspepsia odds (eOR 4.85; 95% CI 1.52-15.45; moderate certainty).
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide had higher indigestion odds; evidence certainty was moderate.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseDyspepsia
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
eOR
4.85
dyspepsia
Source sentences
Summary
Gastrointestinal adverse events, including nausea (9.62 [4.60-20.10]; high certainty), dyspepsia (4.85 [1.52-15.45]; moderate certainty), and constipation (3.39 [1.54-7.47]; high certainty), were consistently reported.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
Summary · context
Effect sizes were recalculated using random-effects models and converted to equivalent odds ratios (eORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for consistency.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513111
12HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide had higher constipation odds (eOR 3.39; 95% CI 1.54-7.47; high certainty).
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide had higher constipation odds; evidence certainty was high.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseConstipation
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
eOR
3.39
constipation
Source sentences
Summary
Gastrointestinal adverse events, including nausea (9.62 [4.60-20.10]; high certainty), dyspepsia (4.85 [1.52-15.45]; moderate certainty), and constipation (3.39 [1.54-7.47]; high certainty), were consistently reported.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
Summary · context
Effect sizes were recalculated using random-effects models and converted to equivalent odds ratios (eORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for consistency.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513112
13HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with higher lumbar spine bone mineral density, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to higher spine bone density; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseLumbar spine bone mineral density
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Measurements
eOR
1.99
lumbar spine bone mineral density
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs use was associated with higher lumbar spine (eOR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.38-2.85]; low certainty) and hip-neck bone mineral density (1.79 [1.08-2.98]; low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513113
14HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists including liraglutide were associated with higher hip-neck bone mineral density, with low-certainty evidence.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 drugs including liraglutide were linked to higher hip-neck bone density; evidence certainty was low.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseHip-neck bone mineral density
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Measurements
eOR
1.79
hip-neck bone mineral density
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs use was associated with higher lumbar spine (eOR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.38-2.85]; low certainty) and hip-neck bone mineral density (1.79 [1.08-2.98]; low certainty).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar through June 13, 2025, to identify meta-analyses of RCTs assessing the effects of GLP-1RAs on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, oncologic, gastrointestinal and other domains.
Summary · context
After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies comprising 432 RCTs were included, covering 65 unique outcomes across 6 clinical domains.
Summary · context
Drug-specific analyses exhibited protective effects of liraglutide (eOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80-0.91]), albiglutide (0.65 [0.47-0.89]), and dulaglutide (0.78 [0.68-0.90]) for major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-4125513114

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords

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