Semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis highlighting enhanced benefits in chronic kidney disease.

Yao Y, Liu N, Chen S, Sun M, Guo Y

European journal of medical research4 Nov 2025Cited by 1 (Europe PMC)

PMID41188987PMCIDPMC12584374DOI10.1186/s40001-025-03241-8PepBankPUB-41188987

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

12 results from studies that gave the peptide. 12 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of 17 studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced the risk of cardiovascular death by 23% (HR 0.77).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the risk of death from heart and blood-vessel causes by 23%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseCardiovascular death
Study
n = 40,632
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HR
0.77
CV death
Source sentences
Summary
Across 17 studies (n = 40, 632 patients), semaglutide significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death by 23% [HR 0.77, 95% CI (0.68, 0.88)]
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898701
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of 17 studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced the risk of MACE by 18% (HR 0.82).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the risk of major heart events by 18%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseMajor adverse cardiovascular events
Study
n = 40,632
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HR
0.82
MACE
Source sentences
Summary
major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) by 18% [HR 0.82, 95% CI (0.75, 0.90)]
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898702
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of 17 studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced the risk of expanded MACE by 22% (HR 0.78).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the risk of an expanded set of major heart events by 22%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseExpanded MACE
Study
n = 40,632
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HR
0.78
expanded MACE
Source sentences
Summary
expanded MACE by 22% [HR 0.78, 95% CI (0.70, 0.85)]
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898703
04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of 17 studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction by 18% (HR 0.82).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the risk of non-fatal heart attack by 18%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNonfatal myocardial infarction
Study
n = 40,632
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HR
0.82
nonfatal MI
Source sentences
Summary
nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) by 18% [HR 0.82, 95% CI (0.68, 0.92)]
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898704
05HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a meta-analysis of 17 studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced the risk of nonfatal stroke by 32% (HR 0.68).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of studies in type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the risk of non-fatal stroke by 32%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseNonfatal stroke
Study
n = 40,632
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HR
0.68
nonfatal stroke
Source sentences
Summary
nonfatal stroke by 32% [HR 0.68, 95% CI (0.56, 0.83)]
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898705
06HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced cardiovascular event risk by 24-37% in patients with CKD, versus 13-35% in type 2 diabetes alone or with CVD.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide's heart-event risk reduction was 24-37% in people with kidney disease and 13-35% in those without.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseCardiovascular event reduction by CKD status
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Risk reduction
24 to 37%
T2D with CKD
Risk reduction
13 to 35%
T2D alone or with CVD
Source sentences
Summary
The reductions in CV events were most pronounced in T2D patients with CKD (24-37% risk reduction vs. 13-35% in T2D alone or with CVD).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898706
07HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide decreased systolic blood pressure by 8.02 mmHg versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered systolic blood pressure by 8.02 mmHg more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseSystolic blood pressure change
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
SBP change
−8.02 mmHg
semaglutide vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Semaglutide also significantly improved modifiable CV risk factors, reducing systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) decreased by 8.02/3.71 mmHg, and low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) decreased by 12.62 mg/dL, while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 1.44 mg/dL.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898707
08HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide decreased diastolic blood pressure by 3.71 mmHg versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered diastolic blood pressure by 3.71 mmHg more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseDiastolic blood pressure change
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
DBP change
−3.71 mmHg
semaglutide vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Semaglutide also significantly improved modifiable CV risk factors, reducing systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) decreased by 8.02/3.71 mmHg, and low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) decreased by 12.62 mg/dL, while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 1.44 mg/dL.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898708
09HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide decreased LDL cholesterol by 12.62 mg/dL versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered LDL cholesterol by 12.62 mg/dL more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseLDL cholesterol change
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Lipids · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
LDL change
−12.62 mg/dL
semaglutide vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Semaglutide also significantly improved modifiable CV risk factors, reducing systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) decreased by 8.02/3.71 mmHg, and low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) decreased by 12.62 mg/dL, while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 1.44 mg/dL.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898709
10HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide increased HDL cholesterol by 1.44 mg/dL versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide raised HDL cholesterol by 1.44 mg/dL more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseHDL cholesterol change
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Lipids · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
HDL change
1.44 mg/dL
semaglutide vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Semaglutide also significantly improved modifiable CV risk factors, reducing systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) decreased by 8.02/3.71 mmHg, and low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) decreased by 12.62 mg/dL, while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 1.44 mg/dL.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898710
11HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide had no significant effect on eGFR versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide did not change a measure of kidney filtration (eGFR) compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeEstimated glomerular filtration rate
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
However, semaglutide had no significant effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898711
12HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide had no significant effect on UACR versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, semaglutide did not change the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeUrinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
However, semaglutide had no significant effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science (through September 2025) for randomized trials and observational studies evaluating oral semaglutide versus placebo in T2D.
Report a problemFND-4118898712

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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