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Study · Randomized controlled trial · n = 1,278 · 2025

9 results

Long-term comparative effectiveness of once-weekly semaglutide versus alternative treatments in a real-world US adult population with type 2 diabetes: a randomized pragmatic clinical trial.

Buse JB, Nordahl Christensen H, Harty BJ, Cziraky MJ, Willey VJ, Skibsted S

BMJ open diabetes research & care15 Oct 2025Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID41093600 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12530410 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1136/bmjdrc-2025-005161 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41093600
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. 9 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, a higher proportion reached HbA1c below 7.0% at year 1 with semaglutide than with alternative treatment (53.1% vs 45.5%).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, more people reached HbA1c below 7.0% after 1 year on semaglutide than on other treatments.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0% at year 1
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 1 yearAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c <7.0%
    53.1%
    semaglutide year 1
    HbA1c <7.0%
    45.5%
    alternative year 1

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Proportions of participants achieving HbA1c <7.0% were significantly higher with semaglutide versus alternative treatment at years 1 (53.1% vs 45.5%; OR (95% CI): 1.36 (1.03 to 1.79); p=0.033)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, a higher proportion reached HbA1c below 7.0% at year 2 with semaglutide than with alternative treatment (49.9% vs 38.9%).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, more people reached HbA1c below 7.0% after 2 years on semaglutide than on other treatments.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0% at year 2
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c <7.0%
    49.9%
    semaglutide year 2
    HbA1c <7.0%
    38.9%
    alternative year 2

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and 2 (49.9% vs 38.9%; OR (95% CI): 1.56 (1.13 to 2.16); p=0.007).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell more with semaglutide than with alternative treatment at year 1 (-1.35% vs -1.16%).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell more on semaglutide than on other treatments after 1 year.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c change at year 1
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 1 yearAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c change
    −1.35%
    semaglutide year 1
    HbA1c change
    −1.16%
    alternative year 1

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Mean HbA1c decreases were larger with semaglutide versus alternative treatment at year 1 (-1.35% vs -1.16%; estimated treatment difference (ETD) (95% CI): -0.20% (-0.39% to 0.00%); p=0.046)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell more with semaglutide than with alternative treatment at year 2 (-1.27% vs -0.96%).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell more on semaglutide than on other treatments after 2 years.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c change at year 2
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c change
    −1.27%
    semaglutide year 2
    HbA1c change
    −0.96%
    alternative year 2

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and year 2 (-1.27% vs -0.96%; ETD (95% CI): -0.31% (-0.57% to -0.05%); p=0.018).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was associated with larger body weight reductions than alternative treatment at year 1 (-3.57% vs -1.91%).

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide led to more weight loss than other treatments after 1 year.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight change at year 1
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 1 yearAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Body weight change
    −3.57%
    semaglutide year 1
    Body weight change
    −1.91%
    alternative year 1

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Semaglutide was associated with larger reductions in body weight at year 1 (-3.57% vs -1.91%; ETD (95% CI): -1.65% (-2.92% to -0.39%); p=0.010)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, the body weight reduction with semaglutide was not significantly larger than with alternative treatment at year 2.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide did not lead to significantly more weight loss than other treatments after 2 years.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeBody weight change at year 2
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    but not year 2 (p=0.175).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  7. 07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, treatment changes occurred less frequently with semaglutide than with alternative treatments.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, people on semaglutide changed treatment less often than people on other treatments.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseTreatment changes
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Patterns of use · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Treatment changes occurred less frequently with semaglutide than with alternative treatments.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  8. 08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, some patient-reported outcomes showed greater improvement with semaglutide than with alternative treatment.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, some patient-reported measures improved more on semaglutide than on other treatments.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    IncreasePatient-reported outcomes
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Quality of life · Whole body
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Some PROs indicated greater improvement with semaglutide versus alternative treatment.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).
  9. 09HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, no new safety concerns were identified with semaglutide.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, no new safety concerns were found with semaglutide.

    Peptide
    Semaglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSafety concerns
    Study

    n = 1,278

    Comparator
    Alternative treatment chosen by the treating physician
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · subcutaneous · 2 yearsAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No new safety concerns were identified.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Adults with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on one or two oral antidiabetic medications were randomized to receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or alternative treatment (chosen by the treating physician) as add-on therapy.
    Summary · context
    Participants were randomized to semaglutide (n=644) or alternative treatment (n=634).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 4Results postedNCT03596450

Long Term Comparative Effectiveness of Once Weekly Semaglutide Versus Standard of Care in a Real World Adult US Population With Type 2 Diabetes - a Randomized Pragmatic Trial

Novo Nordisk A/Sn = 1,27813 Jul 2018 to 9 Jun 2023

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 30 Sept 2026

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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