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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2025

7 results

HUMANIN produced by human efferocytic macrophages promotes the resolution of inflammation.

Maraux M, Vetter M, Zuffo LD, Bonnefoy F, Wetzel A, Varin A, Lamarthée B, Tassy O, Ducloux D, Saas P, Cherrier T

Cell death & disease28 Aug 2025Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID40877234 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12394407 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1038/s41419-025-07909-1 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-40877234
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Summary

Elimination of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages, a process called efferocytosis, is a critical step in the resolution of inflammation. Efferocytosis induces the reprogramming of macrophages towards a pro-resolving phenotype and triggers the secretion of pro-resolving factors. While mouse efferocytic macrophages are well-described, less is known about human efferocytic macrophages. Here, using RNA sequencing analysis of three different types of in vitro-derived human efferocytic macrophages, we observed a common modulation of mitochondrial metabolism-related genes in human M0, M1, and M2a-like macrophages, thus correlating with some previous results obtained in other non-human models. These results led us to identify for the first time some particular genes regulated in humans like PLIN5 and MTLN. We also shed light on a mitochondrial gene (MT-RNR2) coding a secreted factor called HUMANIN. Mainly known for its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, we found that HUMANIN was also associated with pro-resolving properties in human and mouse models. Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model. Preventive HUMANIN administration in this model reduced leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. These anti-inflammatory properties were accompanied by the early acquisition of a CD11blow non-efferocytic phenotype by mouse macrophages and by an enhanced expression of pro-resolving genes including Alox15 and Retnla. The ability of HUMANIN to dampen pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion was also confirmed in primary human neutrophils. Finally, HUMANIN was also detected in gingival crevicular fluids of patients suffering from periodontitis after the onset of inflammation, suggesting a role of HUMANIN in the control of inflammation. Overall, our data shed light on new aspects of efferocytosis in humans and identify the pro-resolving potential of HUMANIN. This illustrates its prospective therapeutic interest in inflammatory disorders.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In an acute peritonitis mouse model, preventive Humanin administration reduced leukocyte infiltration.

    In plain wordsIn mice with peritonitis, Humanin given beforehand reduced the number of immune cells entering the inflamed area.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseLeukocyte infiltration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    acute peritonitis model
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Preventive HUMANIN administration in this model reduced leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In an acute peritonitis mouse model, preventive Humanin administration reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.

    In plain wordsIn mice with peritonitis, Humanin given beforehand lowered the release of inflammatory signals.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreasePro-inflammatory cytokine secretion
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    acute peritonitis model
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Preventive HUMANIN administration in this model reduced leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In an acute peritonitis mouse model, Humanin administration was accompanied by early acquisition of a CD11b-low non-efferocytic phenotype by mouse macrophages.

    In plain wordsIn mice with peritonitis, Humanin was accompanied by an early shift in macrophage type.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseCD11b-low non-efferocytic macrophage phenotype
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    acute peritonitis model
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These anti-inflammatory properties were accompanied by the early acquisition of a CD11blow non-efferocytic phenotype by mouse macrophages and by an enhanced expression of pro-resolving genes including Alox15 and Retnla.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In an acute peritonitis mouse model, Humanin administration was accompanied by enhanced expression of pro-resolving genes including Alox15 and Retnla.

    In plain wordsIn mice with peritonitis, Humanin was accompanied by higher activity of genes that help end inflammation.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreasePro-resolving gene expression (Alox15, Retnla)
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    acute peritonitis model
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    an enhanced expression of pro-resolving genes including Alox15 and Retnla.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model.
  5. 05LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    In primary human neutrophils, Humanin dampened pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.

    In plain wordsIn human immune cells in the lab, Humanin lowered the release of inflammatory signals.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreasePro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in neutrophils
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    primary human neutrophils
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The ability of HUMANIN to dampen pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion was also confirmed in primary human neutrophils.

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 06HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In patients with periodontitis, Humanin was detected in gingival crevicular fluid after the onset of inflammation.

    In plain wordsIn people with gum disease, the body's own Humanin was found in gum fluid after inflammation began.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    Not applicableHumanin in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Finally, HUMANIN was also detected in gingival crevicular fluids of patients suffering from periodontitis after the onset of inflammation, suggesting a role of HUMANIN in the control of inflammation.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In an acute peritonitis mouse model, Humanin was produced early during the resolution of inflammation.

    In plain wordsIn mice with peritonitis, the body's own Humanin was made early while inflammation was resolving.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseHumanin production during resolution of inflammation
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    acute peritonitis model
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Indeed, HUMANIN was produced early during the resolution of inflammation in an acute peritonitis mouse model.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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