The effects of non-insulin anti-diabetic medications on the diabetic microvascular complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Wen S, Yuan Y, Li Y, Xu C, Chen L, Ren Y, Wang C, He Y, Li X, Gong M, Yuan X, Xu D, Wang C, Zhou L

BMC endocrine disorders16 Jul 2025Cited by 7 (Europe PMC)

PMID40665260PMCIDPMC12265122DOI10.1186/s12902-025-01985-2PepBankPUB-40665260

Read at source PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. 1 result from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In people with type 2 diabetes, the SUSTAIN 6 trial included in this review showed that semaglutide may increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, one included trial (SUSTAIN 6) suggested semaglutide may raise the risk of diabetic retinopathy.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseDiabetic retinopathy risk (SUSTAIN 6)
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
However, the SUSTAIN 6 trial revealed that Semaglutide may increase the risk of DR.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We retrieved published literature reporting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effects of microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), from authenticated clinical databases: PubMed, Excerpta Medica databa…
Report a problemFND-4066526001

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

02HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people with type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors both showed protective effects against eGFR decline.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a class and SGLT-2 inhibitors both appeared to protect against falling kidney function.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseeGFR decline
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Source sentences
Summary
Sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) both showed protective effects in preventing eGFR decline, with only SGLT-2i demonstrating a significant reduction in UACR.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We retrieved published literature reporting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effects of microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), from authenticated clinical databases: PubMed, Excerpta Medica databa…
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4066526002
03HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people with type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists did not significantly reduce UACR, unlike SGLT-2 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a class did not significantly lower urine albumin, unlike SGLT-2 inhibitors.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeUrinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR)
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Source sentences
Summary
Sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) both showed protective effects in preventing eGFR decline, with only SGLT-2i demonstrating a significant reduction in UACR.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We retrieved published literature reporting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effects of microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), from authenticated clinical databases: PubMed, Excerpta Medica databa…
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4066526003
04HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In people with type 2 diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists did not change measures of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy or diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a class did not change nerve damage measures.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy measures
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Diabetes complications · Nervous system and cognition
Source sentences
Summary
while GLP-1RA did not prove to alter the measures of CAN and DPN.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We retrieved published literature reporting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effects of microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), from authenticated clinical databases: PubMed, Excerpta Medica databa…
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-4066526004

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords

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