DMPC-Based Liposomal Vesicles for Encapsulation and Controlled Release of NMN and Matrigel in Sarcopenia Therapy.

Najm A, Bîrcă AC, Niculescu AG, Alberts A, Grumezescu AM, Gălățeanu B, Vasile BȘ, Beuran M, Gaspar BS, Turculeț CȘ, Hudiță A

International journal of molecular sciences11 Jun 2025Cited by 1 (Europe PMC)

PMID40565060PMCIDPMC12192994DOI10.3390/ijms26125594PepBankPUB-40565060

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Summary

Accurate diagnosis of diseases in patients is crucial, particularly in older individuals, where the focus is often placed primarily on advanced age and its associated symptoms. However, advancements in technology and research have revealed that certain diseases traditionally linked to aging can also manifest in younger populations, demonstrating similar bodily changes. One such condition is sarcopenia, a degenerative disease of skeletal muscle that arises from various pathological processes affecting the tissues. In this study, we developed a liposomal formulation based on 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), in which both nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and Matrigel (Mgel) were co-encapsulated, each playing a distinct role in the management of sarcopenia. NMN is known to stimulate the increase of NAD+ levels, while Matrigel enhances the activity of satellite cells, thereby facilitating muscle fiber regeneration and stabilizing protein levels. Results from the DLS, SEM, and TEM analyses revealed significant differences attributed to the type of therapeutic agent used and the synthesis parameters. Additionally, the drug release profile underscored the complementary nature and significance of selecting the appropriate active substances for effective treatment strategies. The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia. Importantly, the formulation containing both NMN and Matrigel demonstrated superior protective effects, suggesting a synergistic role of the extracellular matrix components in enhancing muscle cell resilience. These findings support the use of DMPC-based delivery systems as promising candidates for sarcopenia therapy and warrant further investigation into their mechanisms of action in preventing muscle cell degeneration.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, NMN liposomes reduced oxidative damage.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, NMN liposomes reduced oxidative damage.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseOxidative damage with NMN liposomes
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506001
02LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, NMN liposomes preserved mitochondrial function.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, NMN liposomes preserved mitochondrial function.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
Not applicableMitochondrial function with NMN liposomes
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506002
03LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, NMN liposomes maintained cytoskeletal integrity.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, NMN liposomes maintained the internal cell structure.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
Not applicableCytoskeletal integrity with NMN liposomes
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506003

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).

04LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, liposomes containing NMN and Matrigel reduced oxidative damage.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, liposomes with NMN and Matrigel reduced oxidative damage.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseOxidative damage with NMN and Matrigel
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506004
05LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, liposomes containing NMN and Matrigel preserved mitochondrial function.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, liposomes with NMN and Matrigel preserved mitochondrial function.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
Not applicableMitochondrial function with NMN and Matrigel
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506005
06LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, liposomes containing NMN and Matrigel maintained cytoskeletal integrity.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, liposomes with NMN and Matrigel maintained the internal cell structure.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
Not applicableCytoskeletal integrity with NMN and Matrigel
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The results showed that both NMN-based formulations reduced oxidative damage, preserved mitochondrial function, and maintained cytoskeletal integrity in a hydrogen peroxide-induced model of sarcopenia.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506006
07LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In a cellular sarcopenia model, liposomes containing NMN and Matrigel showed superior protection compared with the NMN-only formulation.
In plain wordsIn cells with induced sarcopenia-like damage, liposomes with NMN and Matrigel protected cells more than NMN-only liposomes.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
IncreaseOverall protective effects of combined formulation
Study
n: not reported in source
hydrogen peroxide-induced sarcopenia cell model
Comparator
NMN-only formulation
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Importantly, the formulation containing both NMN and Matrigel demonstrated superior protective effects, suggesting a synergistic role of the extracellular matrix components in enhancing muscle cell resilience.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The in vitro investigations aimed to assess the potential of DMPC lipid vesicles loaded with NMN, either alone or in combination with Matrigel, to counteract sarcopenia-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4056506007

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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