Hypothalamic kisspeptin alleviates myasthenia gravis by regulating Th1/Th17/Treg balance through Inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Lu D, Liu L, Que W, Fan R, Ke P, Dong J, Gan Y, Xiao F

Journal of neuroinflammation16 Jun 2025Cited by 8 (Europe PMC)

PMID40524201PMCIDPMC12172211DOI10.1186/s12974-025-03486-4PepBankPUB-40524201

Read at source PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, intraperitoneal KP10 significantly improved clinical signs.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, kisspeptin analog KP10 given by injection improved clinical signs.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseClinical signs of EAMG after KP10
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Studied dose
Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Either hypothalamic Kiss1 overexpression or intraperitoneal KP10 administration significantly improved clinical signs in EAMG rats.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
EAMG rats were treated with KP10 (kisspeptin analog) to evaluate its effects on body weight, clinical scores, grip strength, antibody levels, and complement deposition.
Report a problemFND-4052420104
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, KP10 modulated the Th1/Th17/Treg cell balance.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, KP10 shifted the balance of immune T cell types.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
MixedTh1/Th17/Treg balance
Study
ratn: not reported in source
EAMG rats and CD4+ T cells
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Further in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that KP10 ameliorated EAMG clinical signs by modulating Th1/Th17/Treg cell balance through inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activation in CD4⁺ T cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
CD4⁺ T cell transfer via tail vein, Western blot, and flow cytometry were employed to investigate KP10's modulatory effects on CD4⁺ T cell subsets and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Report a problemFND-4052420106
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, KP10 inhibited activation of the NF-κB pathway in CD4+ T cells.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, KP10 reduced activation of an inflammation pathway in T cells.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseNF-κB signaling activation in CD4+ T cells
Study
ratn: not reported in source
EAMG rats and CD4+ T cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Further in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that KP10 ameliorated EAMG clinical signs by modulating Th1/Th17/Treg cell balance through inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activation in CD4⁺ T cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
CD4⁺ T cell transfer via tail vein, Western blot, and flow cytometry were employed to investigate KP10's modulatory effects on CD4⁺ T cell subsets and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Report a problemFND-4052420107

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Serum kisspeptin was significantly lower in patients with myasthenia gravis.
In plain wordsPatients with myasthenia gravis had lower levels of the body's own kisspeptin in their blood.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseSerum kisspeptin in myasthenia gravis patients
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Source sentences
Summary
Kisspeptin expression was significantly decreased in both MG patient sera
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Serum kisspeptin levels were measured by ELISA in MG patients and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats.
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-10. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-4052420101
05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, serum kisspeptin was significantly lower.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, the body's own kisspeptin in the blood was lower.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseSerum kisspeptin in EAMG rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Source sentences
Summary
Kisspeptin expression was significantly decreased in both MG patient sera and EAMG rat sera, with reduced hypothalamic Kiss1 expression in EAMG rats.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Serum kisspeptin levels were measured by ELISA in MG patients and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats.
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-10. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-4052420102
06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, hypothalamic Kiss1 expression was reduced.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, the gene for the body's own kisspeptin was less active in the hypothalamus.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseHypothalamic Kiss1 expression in EAMG rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Source sentences
Summary
with reduced hypothalamic Kiss1 expression in EAMG rats.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Hypothalamic Kiss1 expression was assessed using Western blot and immunofluorescence.
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-10. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-4052420103

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Kisspeptin-10 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Kisspeptin-10.

07AnimalNot a test of Kisspeptin-10 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, hypothalamic Kiss1 overexpression significantly improved clinical signs.
In plain wordsIn rats with a model of myasthenia gravis, raising Kiss1 gene activity in the hypothalamus improved clinical signs.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-10
Outcome
DecreaseClinical signs of EAMG after Kiss1 overexpression
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats
Outcome group
Immune response · Immune and inflammation
Source sentences
Summary
Either hypothalamic Kiss1 overexpression or intraperitoneal KP10 administration significantly improved clinical signs in EAMG rats.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Stereotactic injection of adeno-associated virus overexpressing Kiss1 was performed to study its regulatory effects on disease progression.
In this study, Kisspeptin-10 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Kisspeptin-10.
Report a problemFND-4052420105

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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