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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2025

10 results

Dietary Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, a Key NAD+ Intermediate, Alleviates Body Fat Mass and Hypertriglyceridemia by Enhancing Energy Expenditure with Promotion of Fat Oxidation and Hepatic Lipolysis and Suppressing Hepatic Lipogenesis in db/db Mice.

Shirouchi B, Mitsuta S, Higuchi M, Okumura M, Tanaka K

Metabolites18 May 2025Cited by 1 (Europe PMC)

PMID40422909 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12113554 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3390/metabo15050333 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-40422909
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Summary

Background/Objectives: Supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) intermediate, exerts anti-aging, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects in animal experiments. However, previous studies have evaluated NMN supplementation using oral administration in drinking water or by intraperitoneal administration. No studies have reported whether NMN exerts beneficial effects when incorporated into the diet. The diet is a multicomponent mixture of many nutrients that may interact with each other, thus weakening the effects of NMN. In the present study, we evaluated whether dietary NMN intake protects obese diabetic db/db mice from obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. Methods: Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5). Results: After 4 weeks of feeding, dietary NMN intake alleviated obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation in db/db mice. Respiratory gas analysis indicated that dietary NMN intake significantly enhanced energy expenditure by suppressing carbohydrate oxidation and increasing fat oxidation after 3 weeks of feeding. Additionally, the suppression of the increase in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels by dietary NMN intake was attributable to a reduction in hepatic TG levels through the suppression of fatty acid synthesis and the enhancement of fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver. Furthermore, the improvement in hepatic fatty acid metabolism induced by dietary NMN intake was partially responsible for the significant increase in plasma adiponectin and soluble T-cadherin levels. Conclusions: This is the first report to show that dietary NMN intake but not oral administration in drinking water or intraperitoneal administration alleviates body fat mass and hypertriglyceridemia by enhancing energy expenditure, with preferential promotion of fat oxidation, the enhancement of hepatic lipolysis, and the suppression of hepatic lipogenesis in db/db mice.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN alleviated obesity compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN reduced obesity compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    DecreaseObesity
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After 4 weeks of feeding, dietary NMN intake alleviated obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation in db/db mice.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN alleviated hypertriglyceridemia compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN reduced high blood triglycerides compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    DecreasePlasma triglycerides
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After 4 weeks of feeding, dietary NMN intake alleviated obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation in db/db mice.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN reduced liver triglyceride accumulation compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic triglyceride accumulation
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Liver fat and liver function · Liver
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After 4 weeks of feeding, dietary NMN intake alleviated obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation in db/db mice.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN increased energy expenditure compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN increased energy use compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    IncreaseEnergy expenditure
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 3 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Respiratory gas analysis indicated that dietary NMN intake significantly enhanced energy expenditure by suppressing carbohydrate oxidation and increasing fat oxidation after 3 weeks of feeding.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN suppressed carbohydrate oxidation compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN reduced carbohydrate use for energy compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    DecreaseCarbohydrate oxidation
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 3 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Respiratory gas analysis indicated that dietary NMN intake significantly enhanced energy expenditure by suppressing carbohydrate oxidation and increasing fat oxidation after 3 weeks of feeding.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN increased fat oxidation compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN increased fat use for energy compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    IncreaseFat oxidation
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 3 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Respiratory gas analysis indicated that dietary NMN intake significantly enhanced energy expenditure by suppressing carbohydrate oxidation and increasing fat oxidation after 3 weeks of feeding.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN suppressed hepatic fatty acid synthesis compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN reduced fatty acid production in the liver compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic fatty acid synthesis
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Liver
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Additionally, the suppression of the increase in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels by dietary NMN intake was attributable to a reduction in hepatic TG levels through the suppression of fatty acid synthesis and the enhancement of fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN enhanced hepatic fatty acid beta-oxidation compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN increased fatty acid breakdown in the liver compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHepatic fatty acid beta-oxidation
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Liver
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Additionally, the suppression of the increase in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels by dietary NMN intake was attributable to a reduction in hepatic TG levels through the suppression of fatty acid synthesis and the enhancement of fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN increased plasma adiponectin compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN increased blood adiponectin compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    IncreasePlasma adiponectin
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Adipokines · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, the improvement in hepatic fatty acid metabolism induced by dietary NMN intake was partially responsible for the significant increase in plasma adiponectin and soluble T-cadherin levels.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In db/db mice, dietary NMN increased plasma soluble T-cadherin compared with the control diet.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, dietary NMN increased soluble T-cadherin in blood compared with the control diet.

    Peptide
    NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
    Outcome
    IncreasePlasma soluble T-cadherin
    Study

    mousen = 11

    male db/db mice
    Comparator
    control diet
    Outcome group
    Adipokines · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.5% of diet · dietary · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, the improvement in hepatic fatty acid metabolism induced by dietary NMN intake was partially responsible for the significant increase in plasma adiponectin and soluble T-cadherin levels.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Five-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for four weeks either a control diet containing 7% corn oil and 0.1% cholesterol (CON group, n = 6) or a diet supplemented with 0.5% NMN (NMN group, n = 5).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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