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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2025

9 results

SS-31: A promising therapeutic agent against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Mice.

Gu Q, Wang Y, Zhang H, Yang W, Meng X, Zhao M

PloS one29 Apr 2025Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID40299935 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12040141 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0315473 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-40299935
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Summary

ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to investigate if the mitochondria- targeting peptide SS-31 could serve as a protective measure against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.MethodMice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group. SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups. Mice were euthanized after 28 days of the experiment, following which blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue were collected for analysis.ResultsBLM caused a large decrease in body weight in mice. However, the intraperitoneal injection of SS-31 slowed down the body weight loss in the mice. It was observed through HE and Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, hydroxyproline detection, and fibrosis index measurement via Western blot that SS-31 could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis caused by BLM. Electron microscopy and ATP detection further suggested that SS-31 might help protect mitochondrial structure and function. It was also found that SS-31 could reduce reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase, thereby alleviating the reduction of antioxidant factor MPO and SOD, as well as diminishing the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6.ConclusionThe mitochondria-targeting drug SS-31 exhibited potential in mitigating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, improving mitochondrial structural and functional damage, stabilizing the balance between oxidative and antioxidant systems, reducing inflammatory factor expression, and improving apoptosis in lung tissue.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study9

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 slowed body weight loss.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 slowed weight loss.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight loss
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    BLM caused a large decrease in body weight in mice. However, the intraperitoneal injection of SS-31 slowed down the body weight loss in the mice.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 alleviated pulmonary fibrosis on histology, immunohistochemistry, hydroxyproline and fibrosis index measures.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 reduced lung scarring.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was observed through HE and Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, hydroxyproline detection, and fibrosis index measurement via Western blot that SS-31 could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis caused by BLM.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, electron microscopy and ATP detection suggested that SS‑31 might help protect mitochondrial structure and function.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 may have protected the structure and function of mitochondria in the lungs.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseMitochondrial structure and ATP
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Electron microscopy and ATP detection further suggested that SS-31 might help protect mitochondrial structure and function.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 reduced reactive oxygen species.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lowered reactive oxygen species.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseReactive oxygen species
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Oxidative stress · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was also found that SS-31 could reduce reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 reduced myeloperoxidase.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lowered an inflammation-related enzyme.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMyeloperoxidase
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Oxidative stress · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was also found that SS-31 could reduce reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 alleviated the reduction of the antioxidant factor SOD.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lessened the drop in an antioxidant enzyme.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAntioxidant SOD
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Oxidative stress · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    thereby alleviating the reduction of antioxidant factor MPO and SOD
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 diminished the inflammatory factor TNF-α.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lowered an inflammation marker.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseTNF-α
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    as well as diminishing the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 diminished the inflammatory factor IL-1β.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lowered an inflammation marker.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseIL-1β
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    as well as diminishing the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 diminished the inflammatory factor IL-6.

    In plain wordsIn mice given bleomycin, SS‑31 lowered an inflammation marker.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseIL-6
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    Comparator
    Bleomycin (BLM) group
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Respiratory
    Studied dose
    5 mg/kg · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    as well as diminishing the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Mice were split into four groups named CON group, SS-31 group, BLM group, and the BLM + SS-31 group.
    Summary · context
    SS-31 (intraperitoneal injection, 5mg/Kg) was administered daily from the day prior to the experiment for the control and model groups.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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