SS-31@Fer-1 Alleviates ferroptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes via mitochondrial targeting.

Zheng H, Ou J, Han H, Lu Q, Shen Y

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie22 Jan 2025Cited by 17 (Europe PMC)

PMID39848110DOI10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117832PepBankPUB-39848110

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone10

In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).

01LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 significantly improved cell viability.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound improved heart cell survival after oxygen deprivation and return.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseCardiomyocyte viability after H/R
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Myocardial injury · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
SS-31@Fer-1 significantly improved H/R-induced cardiomyocyte viability and reduced LDH and CK-MB levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811001
02LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 reduced LDH levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound lowered a marker of heart cell damage (LDH).
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseLDH level
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Myocardial injury · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
SS-31@Fer-1 significantly improved H/R-induced cardiomyocyte viability and reduced LDH and CK-MB levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811002
03LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 reduced CK-MB levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound lowered a marker of heart cell damage (CK-MB).
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseCK-MB level
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Myocardial injury · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
SS-31@Fer-1 significantly improved H/R-induced cardiomyocyte viability and reduced LDH and CK-MB levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811003
04LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 reduced GSH compared with the Fer-1 group.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound gave lower glutathione than ferrostatin-1 alone.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseGlutathione (GSH) level
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Comparator
Fer-1
Outcome group
Oxidative stress · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Compared to the Fer-1 group, SS-31@Fer-1 reduced GSH
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811004
05LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 increased MDA levels compared with the Fer-1 group.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound gave higher MDA, a lipid damage marker, than ferrostatin-1 alone.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseMalondialdehyde (MDA) level
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Comparator
Fer-1
Outcome group
Oxidative stress · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Compared to the Fer-1 group, SS-31@Fer-1 reduced GSH and increased MDA levels
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811005
06LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 increased mitochondrial ROS.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound raised mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseMitochondrial ROS
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Notably, it increased mitochondrial ROS and decreased MMP, indicating a mitigation of H/R-induced cardiomyocyte cytotoxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811006
07LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 decreased mitochondrial membrane potential.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound lowered mitochondrial membrane potential.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseMitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Notably, it increased mitochondrial ROS and decreased MMP, indicating a mitigation of H/R-induced cardiomyocyte cytotoxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811007
08LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 increased expression of FTH, FTMT, FPN and ABCB8, maintaining cellular iron homeostasis.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound raised iron-handling proteins and kept cell iron balance.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseIron homeostasis proteins (FTH, FTMT, FPN, ABCB8)
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Oxidative stress · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, SS-31@Fer-1 maintained cellular iron homeostasis, as evidenced by increased expression of FTH, FTMT, FPN, and ABCB8.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811008
09LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 increased GPX4 and Nrf2 levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound raised two protective proteins, GPX4 and Nrf2.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
IncreaseGPX4 and Nrf2 levels
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Oxidative stress · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Elevated levels of GPX4 and Nrf2
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811009
10LabNot a test of Elamipretide (SS-31) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In H9C2 cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation, SS‑31@Fer-1 reduced ACSL4 and PTGS2 levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, the SS‑31@Fer-1 compound lowered two ferroptosis-linked proteins, ACSL4 and PTGS2.
Peptide
Elamipretide (SS-31)
Outcome
DecreaseACSL4 and PTGS2 levels
Study
n: not reported in source
H9C2 cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation
Outcome group
Oxidative stress · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
ACSL4 and PTGS2 levels were reduced in the SS-31@Fer-1 group.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.
In this study, Elamipretide (SS-31) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Elamipretide (SS-31).
Report a problemFND-3984811010

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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