Comparison of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs. placebo on any cardiovascular events in overweight or obese non-diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kelkar R, Barve NA, Kelkar R, Kharel S, Khanapurkar S, Yadav R

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine11 Sept 2024Cited by 6 (Europe PMC)

PMID39323759PMCIDPMC11422096DOI10.3389/fcvm.2024.1453297PepBankPUB-39323759

Summary

IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have been extensively used to treat obesity in recent years. These novel drugs are effective at reducing body weight and also the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the data of its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in individuals without type 2 diabetes is not as robust. We aim to update and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the same.MethodsThe study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline. Researchers searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Clinicaltrails.gov for English literature from inception to 2024. Randomized Controlled trails enrolling adult participants (age ≥ 18 years) who are overweight or obese (BMI > 25 Kg/m²) with a comparison of all cardiovascular events between patients taking GLP1-RA and placebo were included. The analysis was done by Revman version 5.4.ResultsA total of 17 RCTs among 34,419 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled risk ratio from 17 studies illustrated that patients with GLP-1 RA had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to patients who had a placebo (RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.64-0.89, p-value = 0.0008). Semaglutide was found to have a statistically significant greatest risk reduction than other drug types.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis found that GLP-1 RA significantly reduced all types of cardiovascular events in overweight and obese patients without diabetes. Semaglutide was found to be superior to others in CV event reductions. But still, the results of ongoing trials are needed.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=553048, PROSPERO (CRD42024553048).

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study2

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. 1 result from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In the meta-analysis of overweight or obese adults without diabetes, semaglutide showed a statistically significant larger reduction in cardiovascular risk than the other drug types.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults without diabetes, semaglutide cut cardiovascular risk more than the other GLP-1 drugs in the analysis.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseCardiovascular event risk reduction, semaglutide versus other GLP-1 RA drugs
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Other GLP-1 receptor agonist drug types
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Semaglutide was found to have a statistically significant greatest risk reduction than other drug types.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Randomized Controlled trails enrolling adult participants (age ≥ 18 years) who are overweight or obese (BMI > 25 Kg/m²) with a comparison of all cardiovascular events between patients taking GLP1-RA and placebo were included.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3932375902

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

02HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults without diabetes, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists (17 randomised trials) lowered the risk of cardiovascular events versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults without diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered the risk of cardiovascular events compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseAll cardiovascular events
Study
n = 34,419
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
Measurements
Pooled risk ratio
0.75 ratio
GLP-1 RA vs placebo
95% CI
0.64 to 0.89 ratio
GLP-1 RA vs placebo
Source sentences
Summary
The pooled risk ratio from 17 studies illustrated that patients with GLP-1 RA had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to patients who had a placebo (RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.64-0.89, p-value = 0.0008).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 17 RCTs among 34,419 participants were included in the analysis.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3932375901

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:04 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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Keywords

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