Tirzepatide outcompetes long-acting insulin in managing type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of three phase 3 randomized controlled trials.

Ala M, Mohammad Jafari R, Dehpour AR, Poursalehian M

International journal of obesity (2005)29 Aug 2024Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID39210008DOI10.1038/s41366-024-01621-4PepBankPUB-39210008

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. 13 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, once-weekly tirzepatide lowered HbA1c more than daily insulin glargine or degludec.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, weekly tirzepatide lowered HbA1c more than daily long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−1.08%
HbA1c
Source sentences
Summary
HbA1c (WMD -1.08%, 95% CI (-1.37, -0.78))
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with daily insulin glargine and degludec, once-weekly tirzepatide
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000801
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered 2-hour postprandial blood sugar more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered blood sugar after meals more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Decrease2-hour postprandial blood sugar
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−28.19 mg/dL
2h postprandial BS
Source sentences
Summary
2h-posprandial blood sugar (BS) (WMD -28.19 mg/dL, 95% CI (-44.98, -11.41))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000802
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered pre-meal blood sugar more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered blood sugar before meals more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreasePre-meal blood sugar
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−11.86 mg/dL
pre-meal BS
Source sentences
Summary
pre-meal BS (WMD -11.86 mg/dL, 95% CI (-22.83, -0.9))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000803
04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide reduced body weight more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide led to more weight loss than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−10.61 kg
body weight
Source sentences
Summary
body weight (WMD -10.61 kg, 95% CI (-13.24, -7.97))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000804
05HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered systolic blood pressure more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered the upper blood pressure number more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseSystolic blood pressure
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−6.47 mmHg
systolic BP
Source sentences
Summary
systolic blood pressure (WMD -6.47 mmHg, 95% CI (-8.32, -4.61))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000805
06HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered diastolic blood pressure more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered the lower blood pressure number more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseDiastolic blood pressure
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−2.3 mmHg
diastolic BP
Source sentences
Summary
diastolic blood pressure (WMD -2.30 mmHg, 95% CI (-3.05, -1.55))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000806
07HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered total cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered total cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseTotal cholesterol
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−4.78%
total cholesterol
Source sentences
Summary
total cholesterol (WMD -4.78%, 95% CI (-7.05, -2.50))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000807
08HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered triglycerides more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered blood triglycerides more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseTriglycerides
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−14.49%
triglyceride
Source sentences
Summary
triglyceride (WMD -14.49%, 95% CI (-19.55, -9.43))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000808
09HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered LDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered LDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseLDL cholesterol
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−5.98%
LDL cholesterol
Source sentences
Summary
LDL cholesterol (WMD -5.98%, 95% CI (-9.83, -2.13)), and VLDL
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000809
10HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered VLDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide lowered VLDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseVLDL cholesterol
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
−14.18%
VLDL cholesterol
Source sentences
Summary
VLDL cholesterol (WMD -14.18%, 95% CI (-19.03, -9.33))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000810
11HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide increased HDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide raised HDL cholesterol more than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseHDL cholesterol
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
WMD
7.13%
HDL cholesterol
Source sentences
Summary
increased HDL cholesterol (WMD 7.13%, 95% CI (-9.83, -2.13)), with
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000811
12HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide carried a lower risk of hypoglycemia than long-acting insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide caused low blood sugar less often than long-acting insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
DecreaseHypoglycemia (blood sugar 70 mg/dL or lower)
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
RR
0.46 ratio
hypoglycemia
Source sentences
Summary
with a lower risk of hypoglycemia defined as BS ≤ 70 mg/dL (RR 0.46, 95% CI (0.28, 0.75))
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000812
13HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, all once-weekly tirzepatide doses were superior or non-inferior to insulin.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, every weekly tirzepatide dose worked at least as well as insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
MixedEfficacy by dose versus insulin
Study
n = 4,339
Comparator
Insulin glargine and degludec
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5, 10 and 15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
All doses of once-weekly tirzepatide (5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg) were superior or non-inferior to insulin.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three randomized clinical trials, namely SURPASS-3, SURPASS-4, and SURPASS-AP-Combo, with 4339 patients were included.
Report a problemFND-3921000813

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.