S14G-humanin alleviates acute lung injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.

Wu Y, Zhang H, Guan L, Jia X, Wang M

Aging4 Dec 2023Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID38054825PMCIDPMC10756097DOI10.18632/aging.205267PepBankPUB-38054825

Summary

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severely damaged alveoli and blood vessels, seriously affecting the health of patients and causing a high mortality rate. The pathogenesis of ALI is complex, with inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress (OS) mainly involved. S14G humanin (HNG) is derived from humanin (HN), which is claimed with promising anti-inflammatory functions. Herein, the protective influence of HNG on ALI will be explored in a mouse model. The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively. Thicker alveolar walls, aggravated neutrophil infiltration, and increased wet weight/dry weight (W/D) ratio were observed in ALI mice, accompanied by an aggravated apoptotic state, all of which were notably alleviated by HNG. Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG. Moreover, the upregulated levels of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and caspases cleave gasdermin D N/caspases cleave gasdermin D FL (GSDMD N/GSDMD FL) in ALI mice were signally repressed by HNG. Lastly, the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p-p65/p65, and downregulation of IκB-α observed in ALI mice were sharply reversed by HNG. Collectively, HNG alleviated the ALI in mice by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study15

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone15

In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Humanin.

01AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, the humanin analog HNG reduced alveolar wall thickening.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog reduced thickening of the air sac walls.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseAlveolar wall thickness
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Thicker alveolar walls, aggravated neutrophil infiltration, and increased wet weight/dry weight (W/D) ratio were observed in ALI mice, accompanied by an aggravated apoptotic state, all of which were notably alleviated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482501
02AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG reduced neutrophil infiltration.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog reduced the number of neutrophils in the lung.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseNeutrophil infiltration in lung tissue
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Thicker alveolar walls, aggravated neutrophil infiltration, and increased wet weight/dry weight (W/D) ratio were observed in ALI mice, accompanied by an aggravated apoptotic state, all of which were notably alleviated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482502
03AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG reduced the increased wet weight/dry weight ratio.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog reduced lung swelling.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseLung wet weight/dry weight ratio
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Thicker alveolar walls, aggravated neutrophil infiltration, and increased wet weight/dry weight (W/D) ratio were observed in ALI mice, accompanied by an aggravated apoptotic state, all of which were notably alleviated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482503
04AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG alleviated the aggravated apoptotic state.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog reduced cell death in the lung.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseApoptosis in lung tissue
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Thicker alveolar walls, aggravated neutrophil infiltration, and increased wet weight/dry weight (W/D) ratio were observed in ALI mice, accompanied by an aggravated apoptotic state, all of which were notably alleviated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482504
05AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG ameliorated the increase in total cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered the number of cells in lung wash fluid.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseTotal cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482505
06AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG ameliorated the increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered neutrophil numbers in lung wash fluid.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseNeutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482506
07AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG ameliorated the elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered inflammatory signal molecules.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseInflammatory cytokine secretion
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482507
08AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG ameliorated the enhanced reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered markers of oxidative stress.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseReactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482508
09AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG ameliorated the decline in superoxide dismutase-2 levels.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog limited the drop in an antioxidant enzyme.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
IncreaseSuperoxide dismutase-2 levels
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, increased number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and declined superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) levels were observed in ALI mice, which were markedly ameliorated by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482509
10AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG repressed the upregulated NLRP3.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered the inflammasome protein NLRP3.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseNLRP3 expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, the upregulated levels of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and caspases cleave gasdermin D N/caspases cleave gasdermin D FL (GSDMD N/GSDMD FL) in ALI mice were signally repressed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482510
11AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG repressed the upregulated caspase-1.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered caspase-1.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseCaspase-1 expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, the upregulated levels of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and caspases cleave gasdermin D N/caspases cleave gasdermin D FL (GSDMD N/GSDMD FL) in ALI mice were signally repressed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482511
12AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG repressed the upregulated GSDMD N/GSDMD FL ratio.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered a marker of inflammatory cell death.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseGSDMD N/GSDMD FL ratio
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, the upregulated levels of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and caspases cleave gasdermin D N/caspases cleave gasdermin D FL (GSDMD N/GSDMD FL) in ALI mice were signally repressed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482512
13AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG reversed the upregulation of TLR4.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered TLR4.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseTLR4 expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Lastly, the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p-p65/p65, and downregulation of IκB-α observed in ALI mice were sharply reversed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482513
14AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG reversed the upregulation of p-p65/p65.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog lowered activation of NF-kB signaling.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
Decreasep-p65/p65 ratio
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Lastly, the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p-p65/p65, and downregulation of IκB-α observed in ALI mice were sharply reversed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482514
15AnimalNot a test of Humanin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury, HNG reversed the downregulation of IκB-α.
In plain wordsIn mice with lung injury, a humanin analog restored levels of IκB-α.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
IncreaseIkB-alpha expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
LPS-induced acute lung injury
Comparator
ALI mice without HNG
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory
Source sentences
Summary
Lastly, the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p-p65/p65, and downregulation of IκB-α observed in ALI mice were sharply reversed by HNG.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The ALI model was established in mice via intratracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg LPS, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg HNG, respectively.
In this study, Humanin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Humanin.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3805482515

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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